Energy management of a system according to an economic market model approach

• US 9,581,984 B2
• Filed: 08/22/2013
• Issued: 02/28/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 08/23/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Deutsches Zentrum Fã¼R Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V.
• Original Assignee: Deutsches Zentrum Fã¼R Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V.
• Inventors: Schlabe, Daniel, Zimmer, Dirk
• Primary Examiner(s): Laughlin, Nathan L
• Application Number:
  US13/973,448
• Publication Number:
  US 20140058573A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,286 Days
• Field of Search: 700/286, 700/287
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 15/02 electric
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/008 involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 50/10 Energy trading, including energy flowing from end-user application to grid

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and to a device for the energy management of a system having a number of components according to an economic market model approach. At least one of the components is characterized by a non-monotonic price-performance or price-power relation. By taking into consideration the non-monotonic price-performance or price-power relation, a realistic description of the at least one component is provided and thus used to improve energy management of the system.

Claims

1. A method for the energy control of a system, wherein the system comprises a number z of components which comprise at least:

one number e of energy sources Q_a and a number f of loads L_b, where;

aε

1, 2, . . . , a1;

bε

1, 2, . . . , b1;

z=a1+b1 and j, tε

1, 2, . . . , z;

with the following steps;

1.1. assigning an individual price-power relation PR_j to each of the z components of the system, which assigns prices to power delivered or received by the respective j^th component, wherein each one of the price-power relations PR_j is represented by a curve k_j, in which power values m_j delivered or received by the respective j^th component are plotted above price values p_j, wherein at least one such price-power relation PR_j=t is represented by such a non-monotonic curve k_t*, and all additional price-power relations PR<sub>j≠

t</sub> are represented by such monotonic curves k<sub>j≠

t</sub>,

1.2. approximating the non-monotonic curve k_t* by a first monotonic approximation curve K_n=1,t, which thus represents a first monotonic approximation relation N_n=1(PR_j=t) for the non-monotonic price-power relation PR_j=t, wherein n is a step counter,

1.3. on the basis of the z price-power relations PR_j, wherein the first monotonic approximation relation N_n=1(PR_j=t) is used instead of the price-power relation PR_j=t, determining a first equilibrium price p_n=1 and an assigned equilibrium power m_n=1 for the system,

1.4. approximating the non-monotonic curve k_t* by an additional monotonic approximation curve K_n+1,t, which thus represents an (n+1)^th monotonic approximation relation N_n+1(PR_j=t) for the non-monotonic price-power relation PR_j=t,

1.5. on the basis of the z price-power relations PR_j, wherein the approximation relation N_n+1(PR_j=t) is used instead of the price-power relation PR_j=t, determining an (n+1)^th equilibrium power m_n+1 and an assigned equilibrium price p_n+1 for the system,

1.6. repeating steps 1.4. and 1.5. for the iterative determination of the approximation relation N_n+1(PR_j=t), which satisfies a predetermined best match criterion,

1.7. controlling the power output of individual or all of the energy sources Q_a of the system on the basis of a current predetermined energy demand of the loads L_b, and a current equilibrium power m_n+1, and a current equilibrium price p_n+1 determined on the basis of the approximation relation N_n+1(PR_j=t).

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the approximation curve K_n=1,t is determined such that:

2.1. for all points (m_Kn=1,t p_Kn=1,t) of the approximation curve K_n=1,t it is the power value m_Kn=1,t for a price p_Kn=1,t is greater than or equal to all the power values m_kt* of the non-monotonic curve k_t* at this price p_Kn=1,t, and

2.2. the approximation curve K_n=1,t is the curve which, under the above condition 2.1., has the smallest difference with respect to the non-monotonic curve k_t*.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein step 1.4. comprises the following steps:

3.1. for the last determined equilibrium power m_n, determining, on the basis of the non-monotonic curve k_t*, a price value p_kt*(m_n) assigned to this equilibrium power m_n,

3.2. determining the approximation curve K_n+1,t such that;

3.2.1. the approximation curve K_n+1,t comprises the point (m_n, p_kt*(m_n)),

3.2.2. for all points (m_Kn+1,t, p_Kn+1,t) of the approximation curve K_n+1,t for which p_Kn+1,t>

p_kt*(m_n), the power values m_Kn+1,t assigned to the price values p_Kn+1,t are smaller than or equal to the power values m_kt* of the non-monotonic curve k_t*, whose power values m_kt* are greater than m_n,

3.2.3. for all points (l_kn+1,t, p_Kn+1,t) of the approximation curve K_n+1,t for which p_Kn+1,t<

p_kt*(m_n), the power values m_Kn+1,t assigned to the price values p_Kn+1,t are greater than or equal to the power values m_kt* of the non-monotonic curve k_t*, and

3.2.4. the approximation curve K_n+1,t is the curve which, under the above conditions 3.2.1. to 3.2.3., has the smallest difference with respect to the non-monotonic curve k_t*.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein step 1.4., to the extent that, for the last determined equilibrium power m_n, it is not possible to determine, on the basis of the non-monotonic curve k_t*, a price value p_kt*(m_n) assigned to this equilibrium power m_n, the approximation curve K_n+1,t is determined such that:

4.1. the non-monotonic curve k_t* is limited to a curve k_tb*, wherein the latter curve contains only the points of the curve k_t*, whose power values are either all greater than or all smaller than m_n, and

4.2. for determining the approximation curve K_n+1,t, steps 2.1. and 2.2. are applied, to the limited curve k_tb* instead of the non-monotonic curve k_t*, wherein, in all the subsequent steps, k_tb* is now used instead of k_t*.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the z components comprise:

settable loads and/or switchable loads and/or settable and switchable loads and/or energy transformers and/or power limiters and/or power splitters and/or power change limiters and/or energy sinks and/or energy lines.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the system is an electrical system, a thermodynamic system, a mechanical system, a chemical system, a biological system, or a combination thereof.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the electrical system is an electrical system of a vehicle, ship, airplane, or spacecraft.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the thermodynamic system is an air conditioning system, heating system, or cooling system.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the individual price-power relations PR_j are time dependent.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the individual price-power relations PR_j are dependent on a state of the system and/or on a state of the respective components.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the individual price-power relations PR_j are dependent on the components of priorities that are assigned individually in each case, wherein the individual priorities are temporally variable, and the priorities are not identical at any time.

12. A device for the energy control in a system, wherein the system comprises a number z of components which comprise at least:

one number e of energy sources Q_a and one number f of loads L_b, where;

aε

1, 2, . . . , a1;

bε

1, 2, . . . , b1;

z=a1+b1 and j, tε

1, 2, . . . , z, the device comprising;

10.1. a first means for assigning to each one of the z components of the system an individual price-power relation PR_j which assigns prices to power delivered or received by the respective j^th component, wherein each one of the price-power relations PR_j is represented by a curve k_j, in which power values m_j delivered or received by the respective j^th component are plotted above price values p_j, wherein at least one such price-power relation PR_j=t is represented by such a non-monotonic curve k_t*, and all additional price-power relations PR<sub>j≠

t</sub> are represented by such monotonic curves k<sub>j≠

t</sub>;

10.2. a second means for approximating the non-monotonic curve k_t* by a first monotonic approximation curve K_n=1,t which thus represents a first monotonic approximation relation N_n=1(PR_j=t) for the non-monotonic price-power relation PR_j=t, wherein n is a step counter;

10.3. a third means for determining, on the basis of the z price-power relations PR_j, wherein the first approximation relation N_n=1(PR_j=t) is used instead of the price-power relation PR_j=t, a first equilibrium price p_n=1 and an associated equilibrium power m_n=1 for the system;

10.4. a fourth means for approximating the non-monotonic curve k_t* by an additional monotonic approximation curve K_n+1,t which thus represents an (n+1)^th monotonic approximation relation N_n+1(PR_j=t) for the non-monotonic price-power relation PR_j=t;

10.5. a fifth means for determining, on the basis of the z price-power relations PR_j, wherein the approximation relation N_n+1(PR_j=t) is used instead of the price power relation PR_j=t, an (n+1)^th equilibrium power m_n+1 and an assigned equilibrium price p_n+1 for the system;

10.6. a sixth means connected to the fourth and fifth means, the sixth means for determining iteratively the approximation relation N_n+1(PR_j=t) which satisfies a predetermined best match criterion; and

10.7. a seventh means for controlling the power output of individual or all of the energy sources Q_a of the system on the basis of a current predetermined energy demand of the loads L_b, and of the current equilibrium power m_n+1 and the current equilibrium price p_n+1 determined on the basis of the approximation relation N_n+1(PR_j=t).