CPR assist device for measuring compression parameters during cardiopulmonary resuscitation

• US 9,585,603 B2
• Filed: 01/16/2009
• Issued: 03/07/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 07/23/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Stryker Canada, ULC (Stryker Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Physio-Control Canada Sales Ltd. (Stryker Corporation)
• Inventors: Centen, Corey
• Primary Examiner(s): Cheng, Jacqueline
• Assistant Examiner(s): Agahi, Puya
• Application Number:
  US12/354,913
• Publication Number:
  US 20100022904A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,972 Days
• Field of Search: 600/301, 600/481, 600/529, 600/534, 607/5, 601/41, 324/207.16, 324/207.17, 324/207.24
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2505/01 Emergency care
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0214 of power generation or supply
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0252 using ambient temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1114 Tracking parts of the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1135 by monitoring thoracic expansion
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6824 Arm or wrist
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6833 Adhesive patches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7203 for noise prevention, reduction or removal
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5064 Position sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5071 Pressure sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5082 Temperature sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/5097 wireless
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2205/084 Chest
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 31/005 with feedback for the user
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 31/007 Manual driven
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/046 Specially adapted for shock therapy, e.g. defibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0492 Patch electrodes A61N1/0412, A61N1/0428 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/32 alternating or intermittent currents applying electric fields by inductive or capacitive coupling A61N1/40; microwave apparatus A61N5/02
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/362 Heart stimulators heart defibrillators A61N1/39
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/39 Heart defibrillators
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/39044 : in combination with cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR] therapy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3925 : Monitoring; Protecting
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3993 : User interfaces for automatic external defibrillators
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 7/004 : for measuring coordinates of points
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 23/288 : for artificial respiration or heart massage

Abstract

A device for the determination of at least one compression parameter during administration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a patient comprising: a field generator, a field detector, and a processor. Position information and the compression parameter are determined from the field detected by the field detector. One of the field generator and the field detector is a position sensor and the other is a reference sensor.

Claims

1. A device for determination of at least one compression parameter during administration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a patient comprising:

a position sensor including a field generator adapted to generate a field;

a reference sensor including a field detector adapted to detect the field generated by the field generator and generate a response signal;

wherein the field generator comprises at least one field generating coil and the field detector comprises at least one field detecting coil, and the generated field is an electromagnetic field,

wherein at least one of the field generator and the field detector comprises at least three orthogonally wound field generating coils or field detecting coils, respectively,

a defibrillator unit having two defibrillator pads;

a processor adapted to determine, from the response signal, position and/or orientation information for the field detector relative to the field generator, to determine the at least one compression parameter using the determined position and/or orientation information of the field detector, the at least one compression parameter including a compression angle, and to determine whether a rescuer is administering CPR at an effective or desired compression angle to the patient'"'"'s chest, the processor being provided in the defibrillator unit;

wherein the position sensor is attached to or embedded in one of the two defibrillator pads which is configured to be placed on the patient'"'"'s chest, and the reference sensor is attached to or embedded in the other of two defibrillator pads configured to be placed at a different location on the patient'"'"'s chest;

wherein the position sensor is adapted to move in accordance with the patient'"'"'s chest and the reference sensor is adapted to be stationary relative to the patient, and

wherein the position sensor is configured to determine a position of the one of the two defibrillator pads having the position sensor relative to the other of the two defibrillator pads having the reference sensor in order to determine if the rescuer is administering CPR at the effective or desired angle to the patient'"'"'s chest and/or instruct the rescuer in maintaining the effective or desired compression angle.

2. The device of claim 1 wherein at least one of the field generator and the field detector comprises more than three coils.

3. The device of claim 1 wherein the field generator comprises at least two field generating coils, and each field generating coil sequentially generates a field detectable by the at least one field detecting coil.

4. The device of claim 1 wherein the field generator comprises at least two field generating coils and at least two field detecting coils, and each field generating coil generates a field at a different frequency, the field detector having at least one bandpass filter for separating the fields at different frequencies.

5. The device of claim 1 wherein the device comprises a feedback component configured to provide feedback to a CPR administrator based on the position information.

6. The device of claim 5 wherein the feedback comprises at least one of visual, audio, and tactile prompts.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein a power source is placed inside the one of the two defibrillator pads having the position sensor.

8. The device of claim 1 wherein the position information includes three-dimensional position information and orientation information.

9. The device of claim 8 wherein the position information includes position information in up to six degrees of freedom.

10. The device of claim 9 wherein the six degrees of freedom comprises x-axis position, y-axis position, z-axis position, roll, pitch and yaw.

11. The device of claim 1 wherein the generated field is detectable through an obstacle between the field generator and the field detector.

12. The device of claim 1 wherein the generated field is a sinusoidal modulated field or a pulsed DC signal modulated field.

13. The device of claim 1 wherein the position information is determined based on the strength of the response signal.

14. The device of claim 1 wherein the position information is determined by demodulating the response signal with a reference signal and smoothing the result.

15. The device of claim 1 wherein the at least one compression parameter further includes at least one of:

a chest compression depth, a chest compression rate, and an extent of chest recoil.

16. The device of claim 1 wherein the processor is configured to perform filtering and signal conditioning on the detected field and corresponding response signal.

17. The device of claim 16 wherein the signal conditioning reduces effects of distortion in the response signal.

18. The device of claim 16 wherein signal filtering reduces external noise in the response signal.

19. The device of claim 1 wherein the position sensor and the reference sensor are connected by a wire or a cable.

20. The device of claim 1 wherein at least one of the position sensor and the reference sensor is wireless.

21. The device of claim 20 wherein the field detector is configured to detect the generated field wirelessly, the field detector being free of a wireless signal transmitter.

22. The device of claim 1 wherein the position sensor and the reference sensor are provided in a single unit adapted to be placed on the patient.

23. The device of claim 1 wherein the reference sensor is adapted to be located on a wall, a ceiling, a floor, a gurney, an ambulance, a helicopter, a moving vehicle, or a piece of external medical equipment.

24. The device of claim 1 wherein the position sensor comprises a pressure switch for measuring a least one of:

the start of a compression, the end of a compression, the force of a compression, the pressure of a compression, the duration of a compression, the velocity of a compression and the frequency of compressions.

25. The device of claim 24 wherein at least one of the pressure of a compression, the force of a compression and the velocity of a compression is used to perform verifying the determined position information.

26. The device of claim 1 wherein the position sensor is adapted to be used with a variety of different patient body types.

27. The device of claim 26 wherein the position sensor is adapted to be used for administration of CPR on an infant.

28. The device of claim 1 wherein the position sensor is adapted to measure position of the patient'"'"'s chest during rescue breathing for determination of the effective delivery of breaths.

29. The device of claim 1 wherein the position sensor is adapted to measure the placement of a CPR administrator'"'"'s hands on the patient'"'"'s chest.

30. The device of claim 1, wherein the reference sensor is provided in a base unit, and the position sensor is configured to be in communication with the base unit.

31. The device of claim 30, wherein the position sensor contains a wireless signal transmitter for sending a synchronization signal to the base unit and to the reference sensor, the synchronization signal being configured to coordinate the excitation of different field generating coils or different field detecting coils.

32. The device of claim 1, wherein the defibrillator unit is an automated external defibrillator (AED).

33. The device of claim 30, wherein a power source is provided in the base unit, and an auxiliary power source is provided with the position sensor.

34. The device of claim 30, wherein the base unit comprises a feedback component configured to provide feedback to a CPR administrator based on the position information.

35. The device of claim 34 wherein the feedback comprises at least one of visual, audio, and tactile prompts.

36. A device for determination of at least one compression parameter during administration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a patient comprising:

a reference sensor including a field generator adapted to generate a field;

a position sensor including a field detector adapted to detect the field generated by the field generator and generate a response signal;

wherein the field generator comprises at least one field generating coil and the field detector comprises at least one field detecting coil, and the generated field is an electromagnetic field,

wherein at least one of the field generator and the field detector comprises at least three orthogonally wound field generating coils or field detecting coils, respectively,

a defibrillator unit having two defibrillator pads;

a processor adapted to determine, from the response signal, position and/or orientation information for the field detector relative to the field generator, to determine the at least one compression parameter using the determined position and/or orientation information of the field detector, the at least one compression parameter including a compression angle, and to determine whether a rescuer is administering CPR at an effective or desired compression angle to the patient'"'"'s chest, the processor being provided in the defibrillator unit;

wherein the position sensor is attached to or embedded in one of the two defibrillator pads which is configured to be placed on the patient'"'"'s chest, and the reference sensor is attached to or embedded in the other of two defibrillator pads configured to be placed at a different location on the patient'"'"'s chest;

wherein the position sensor is adapted to move in accordance with the patient'"'"'s chest and the reference sensor is adapted to be stationary relative to the patient, and

wherein the position sensor is configured to determine a position of the one of the two defibrillator pads having the position sensor relative to the other of the two defibrillator pads having the reference sensor in order to determine if the rescuer is administering CPR at the effective or desired angle to the patient'"'"'s chest and/or instruct the rescuer in maintaining the effective or desired compression angle.

37. The device of claim 36, wherein the field generator comprises at least two field generating coils and at least two field detecting coils, and each field generating coil generates a field at a different frequency, the field detector having at least one bandpass filter for separating the fields at different frequencies.

38. The device of claim 36, wherein the device comprises a feedback component configured to provide feedback to a CPR administrator based on the position information.

39. The device of claim 36, wherein the position information includes three-dimensional position information and orientation information, the position information including position information in up to six degrees of freedom.

40. The device of claim 36, wherein the position sensor comprises a pressure switch for measuring a least one of:

the start of a compression, the end of a compression, the force of a compression, the pressure of a compression, the duration of a compression, the velocity of a compression and the frequency of compressions.

41. The device of claim 36, wherein the defibrillator unit is an automated external defibrillator (AED).