Bridgeless power factor correction circuits

• US 9,590,494 B1
• Filed: 07/17/2015
• Issued: 03/07/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 07/17/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Transphorm Technology, Inc. (Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Company LP)
• Original Assignee: Transphorm, Inc (Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Company LP)
• Inventors: Zhou, Liang, Wu, Yifeng
• Primary Examiner(s): Mehari, Yemane
• Application Number:
  US14/802,333
• Time in Patent Office: 599 Days
• Field of Search: 363123-127, 327/109, 327/427, 327/434
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 19/0084 measuring voltage only all subgroups of G01R19/00 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 19/0092 measuring current only all subgroups of G01R19/00 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0085 Partially controlled bridges
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/4208 Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/4233 using a bridge converter comprising active switches
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/219 in a bridge configuration
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 80/10 Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

Abstract

A power factor correction circuit comprises a pair of III-N based switches coupled to a first reference ground, and an inductive component connected in series with a current sensing resistor. A first side of the current sensing resistor is coupled to a second reference ground which is electrically isolated from the first reference ground, and a second side of the current sensing resistor is coupled to a control circuit. The control circuit is also coupled to the second reference ground and is configured to measure current flowing through the inductive component during operation of the power factor correction circuit.

Claims

1. An electronic circuit, comprising:

a first III-N based switch and a second III-N based switch, wherein a source of the first III-N based switch is coupled to a first reference ground and a drain of the second III-N based switch is coupled to a DC high voltage node; and

an inductive component connected in series with a resistor and coupled to a node between the first and second III-N based switches;

wherein

a first side of the resistor is coupled to a second reference ground which is electrically isolated from the first reference ground, and a second side of the resistor is coupled to a control circuit, the control circuit also being coupled to the second reference ground.

2. The electronic circuit of claim 1, wherein the electronic circuit is a power factor correction circuit.

3. The electronic circuit of claim 1, wherein the control circuit is configured to measure current flowing through the inductive component during operation of the electronic circuit.

4. The electronic circuit of claim 1, wherein the control circuit is configured to measure voltage at the second side of the resistor relative to the second reference ground.

5. The electronic circuit of claim 1, further comprising a printed circuit board including a first metal layer between a second metal layer and a third metal layer, wherein a trench is formed in the first metal layer, the trench separating the first metal layer into first and second portions which are electrically isolated from one another.

6. The electronic circuit of claim 5, wherein the first portion of the first metal layer serves as a ground plane for the first reference ground, and the second portion of the first metal layer serves as a ground plane for the second reference ground.

7. The electronic circuit of claim 1, wherein a resistance of the resistor is less than 50 milli-ohms.

8. The electronic circuit of claim 7, wherein the first and second III-N based switches are each configured to be switched at a frequency of at least 50 kHz.

9. The electronic circuit of claim 1, wherein the control circuit comprises an amplifier powered by a voltage supply which is coupled to the second reference ground.

10. The electronic circuit of claim 9, wherein the amplifier has a bandwidth that is greater than a switching frequency of each of the first and second III-N based switches.

11. A method of sensing current in a power factor correction circuit, the power factor correction circuit comprising:

a first III-N based switch and a second III-N based switch, wherein a source of the first III-N based switch is coupled to a first reference ground and a drain of the second III-N based switch is coupled to a DC high voltage node; and

an inductive component connected in series with a resistor and coupled to a node between the first and second III-N based switches, wherein a first side of the resistor is coupled to a second reference ground which is electrically isolated from the first reference ground, and a second side of the resistor is coupled to a control circuit, the control circuit including an amplifier which is also coupled to the second reference ground and has a bandwidth that is greater than a switching frequency of each of the first and second III-N based switches;

the method comprising

amplifying a voltage across the resistor; and

having the control circuit measure the voltage across the resistor.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein a resistance of the resistor is less than 50 milli-ohms.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the first and second III-N based switches are each configured to be switched at a frequency of at least 50 kHz.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the amplifier has a bandwidth that is greater than the switching frequency of each of the first and second III-N based switches.

15. An electronic circuit, comprising:

a first III-N based switch and a second III-N based switch, wherein a source of the first III-N based switch is coupled to a first reference ground and a drain of the second III-N based switch is coupled to a DC high voltage node;

a third III-N based switch and a fourth III-N based switch, wherein a source of the third III-N based switch is coupled to the first reference ground and a drain of the fourth III-N based switch is coupled to the DC high voltage node;

a first inductive component connected in series with a first resistor and coupled to a node between the first and second III-N based switches; and

a second inductive component connected in series with a second resistor and coupled to a node between the third and fourth III-N based switches;

wherein

a first side of the first resistor and a first side of the second resistor are each coupled to a second reference ground which is electrically isolated from the first reference ground; and

a second side of the first resistor and a second side of the second resistor are each coupled to a control circuit, the control circuit also being coupled to the second reference ground.

16. The electronic circuit of claim 15, wherein the electronic circuit is a power factor correction circuit.

17. The electronic circuit of claim 16, wherein the power factor correction circuit is a multi-phase power factor correction circuit.

18. The electronic circuit of claim 15, wherein the control circuit is configured to measure current flowing through the inductive component during operation of the electronic circuit.

19. The electronic circuit of claim 15, wherein the control circuit comprises an amplifier powered by a voltage supply which is coupled to the second reference ground.

20. The electronic circuit of claim 19, wherein the amplifier has a bandwidth that is greater than a switching frequency of each of the first, second, third, and fourth III-N based switches.