Managing associations in ad hoc networks

• US 9,596,585 B2
• Filed: 09/29/2006
• Issued: 03/14/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 08/04/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Inventors: Abhishek, Abhishek, Shen, Hui, Ruan, Jiandong
• Primary Examiner(s): Eng, George
• Assistant Examiner(s): Gao, Jing
• Application Number:
  US11/541,351
• Publication Number:
  US 20080031209A1
• Time in Patent Office: 3,819 Days
• Field of Search: 370/338, 370/328, 370/329, 370/349, 455/450, 455/452.1, 455/509
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 8/005 Discovery of network devices, e.g. terminals
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

A first wireless devices establishes an association with a second wireless device by sending a connection request packet to a previously-discovered second wireless device. The second wireless device identifies the received packet as a connection request and responds with a connection response packet, thereby establishing an association between the first and second wireless devices. The wireless devices can then, for example, send and receive data.

Claims

1. A method performed by a first wireless device, the method comprising:

attempting to join an ad hoc network, the ad hoc network comprising one or more wireless devices, including at least a second wireless device, the one or more wireless devices each participating in the ad hoc network by operating in an ad hoc mode, the one or more wireless devices each using a same basic service state identifier (BSSID) when exchanging packets to implement the ad hoc network, the attempting to join comprising;

using a radio of the first wireless device in response to a connect call of the first wireless device;

sending, via the radio, a connection request packet from the first wireless device to the second wireless device after the second wireless device has been recognized by the first wireless device, the connection request packet comprising a standard packet-type indicator indicating a standard unicast probe request packet or indicating a standard unicast authentication packet, wherein the standard packet-type does not indicate a standard association request packet, the connection request packet comprising a standard BSSID-field comprising the BSSID, the connection request packet further comprising a standard receiver-field containing a media access control (MAC) address of the second wireless device, the connection request packet further comprising a special information element that contains an operation-type identifier that identifies an operation type of the connection request packet as being a virtual association operation with respect to the ad hoc network, wherein the second wireless device is configured to transmit a connection response packet by determining that the connection request packet is a request to associate by matching the BSSID of the ad hoc network with the BSSID from the connection request packet, the operation-type indicator in the special information element, and by matching the MAC address of the second wireless device with the MAC address from the connection request packet; and

response to receiving, via the radio, the connection response packet from the second wireless device, joining the ad hoc network by associating with the second wireless device.

2. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising:

the first wireless device receiving a second connection request packet from the second wireless device;

determining whether the second connection request packet is a virtual association request, and in accordance therewith, sending a second connection response packet to the second wireless device and recording an established connection.

3. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising:

receiving a second connection request packet from the second wireless device before receiving the connection response packet from the second wireless device;

determining whether the MAC address of the second wireless device from the second request packet meets a criteria with respect to a MAC address of the first wireless device, and when so determined sending a second connection response packet to the second wireless device and canceling a connection request of the connection request packet; and

determining whether the MAC address of the second wireless device does not meet the criteria with respect to the MAC address of the first wireless device, and when so determined not forming an association based on the second connection request packet received.

4. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising switching the radio to an ad hoc network channel in response to the connect call.

5. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising monitoring packets from a third wireless device wirelessly associated with the first wireless device, determining whether a packet has not been received from the third wireless device for a predetermined time, and based thereon determining whether to dissociate from the third wireless device.

6. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising:

sending a disconnection request packet from the first wireless device to the second wireless device in response to a disconnection call; and

removing the second wireless device from a connected-devices list.

7. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising:

receiving from the second wireless device a request packet comprising a second special information element and comprising a standard packet-type field comprising a standard unicast probe request indicator or a standard unicast authorization indicator, and in response determining whether the request packet represents a virtual disassociation request by determining that the second special information element contains an operation indicator indicating a virtual disassociation request; and

based on the determining whether the request packet represents a disassociation request, dissociating from the second wireless device by removing the second wireless device from a connected-devices list.

8. A method to operate a first wireless device in an IBSS (independent basic service set) ad hoc network in which any wireless devices participating in the ad hoc network does so by operating in an ad hoc mode, the IBSS ad hoc network having a corresponding network identifier that identifies the IBSS ad hoc network, the network identifier comprising a service set identifier (SSID) or a basic service set identifier (BSSID), the method performed by the first wireless device and comprising:

receiving a connection request packet from a previously-discovered and previously authenticated second wireless device, the connection request packet comprising a standard packet-type indicator comprising a standard unicast authentication packet indicator, wherein the standard packet-type indicator does not indicate a standard association request packet, the connection request packet containing (i) a (media access control (MAC) address of the first wireless device, (ii) a special information element that comprises an operation-type identifier that identifies a MAC layer virtual association request operation-type, and (iii) the network identifier, the first wireless device identifying the connection request packet as a virtual association request with respect to the IBSS ad hoc network based on the operation-type identifier, based on matching the MAC address of the first wireless device with the MAC address in the connection request packet, and based on matching the network identifier in the connection request packet with the network identifier of the IBSS ad hoc network; and

responsive to identifying the connection request packet as a virtual association request;

wirelessly associating with the second wireless device, sending a connection response packet to the second wireless device, and recording an indication of the association with the second wireless device.

9. A method as defined in claim 8, further comprising monitoring for packets from a third wireless device in the IBSS ad hoc network, and dissociating the third wireless device from the IBSS ad hoc network when determined that a packet has not been received from the third wireless device for a predetermined time.

10. A method as defined in claim 8, further comprising:

sending a disconnection request packet from the first wireless device to the second wireless device in response to a disconnection call, wherein the disconnection request packet comprises a standard unicast probe packet indicator or a standard unicast authentication packet indicator, and wherein the second wireless device responds to the disconnection request packet by dissociating from the first wireless device; and

removing the second wireless device from a connected-devices list in further response to the disconnection call.

11. A method as defined in claim 8, further comprising:

receiving a disconnection request packet from the second wireless device and determining whether the disconnection request packet indicates a disconnection request based at least in part on whether a network identifier in the disconnection request packet matches the network identifier of the IBSS ad hoc network;

if the disconnection request packet is identified as a disconnection request, then removing the second wireless device from a connected-devices list; and

if the disconnection request packet is not identified as a disconnection request, then not removing the second wireless device from the connected-devices list.

12. A wireless device comprising:

a radio, processing hardware, and storage hardware storing instructions for the processing hardware; and

a wireless module that becomes operational when the instructions are executed by the processing hardware, the wireless module, when operating, logically connected with the radio and performing a process, when the wireless module is operational, comprising;

sending a connection request packet to a second wireless device that has been discovered by the wireless device, the connection request packet comprising a standard packet-type field containing either a standard unicast probe request packet-type indicator or a standard unicast authentication packet-type indicator, wherein the standard packet-type indicator does not indicate a standard association request packet, the connection request packet also containing (i) a (media access control (MAC) address of the second wireless device, (ii) a special information element that comprises an operation-type indicator that indicates a virtual association request with respect to the ad hoc network, and (iii) a network identifier of an independent basic service set (IBSS) ad hoc network, wherein the second wireless device is configured to send a corresponding connection response packet by recognizing that the connection request packet is an association request with respect to the IBSS ad hoc network based on the connection request packet containing the MAC address of the second wireless device, the operation-type indicator in the special information element, and the network identifier of the IBSS ad hoc network;

determining that the connection response packet corresponding to the connection request packet was received from the second wireless device within a timeout period, and in response joining the IBSS ad hoc network by associating with the second wireless device.

13. A wireless device as defined in claim 12, wherein the instructions further comprise instructions that when executed enable the wireless device to:

receive a second connection request packet from a third wireless device;

determine if the second connection request packet is a virtual association request, and when so determined send a second connection response packet to the third wireless device and record in the storage hardware an indication that a connection is established with the third wireless device.

14. A wireless device as defined in claim 12, wherein the instructions further comprise instructions that when executed enable the wireless device to:

receive a second connection request packet from the second wireless device before receiving the connection response packet from the second wireless device;

determine if the MAC address of the second wireless device meets a criteria with respect to a MAC address of the wireless device, and when so determined cause the wireless device to send a second connection response packet to the second wireless device and cause the wireless device to cancel its own connection request corresponding to the connection request packet; and

determine if the MAC address of the second wireless device does not meet the criteria with respect to the MAC address of the wireless device, and when so determined cause the wireless device to not form a connection based on the second connection request.

15. A wireless device as defined in claim 14, wherein the criteria comprises a numeric comparison.

16. A wireless device as defined in claim 12, wherein the standard packet-type field contains a standard direct probe request packet indicator.

17. A wireless device as defined in claim 12, wherein the instructions further comprise instructions that when executed identify the connection request packet by matching the connection request packet with a predetermined packet pattern.

18. A wireless device as defined in claim 12, wherein the instructions further comprise instructions that when executed monitor for packets from a third wireless device and dissociate from the third wireless device responsive to determining that a packet is not received from the third wireless device for a predetermined time.