Doped metal germanide and methods for making the same
First Claim
1. A method for forming a doped metal germanide, comprising:
- providing a substrate having at least one exposed germanium region;
depositing a metal oxide film comprising a first metal over the exposed germanium region;
depositing a dopant film comprising a second metal over the exposed germanium region andheating the substrate to form the doped metal germanide film over the exposed germanium region using first metal from the metal oxide film, second metal from the dopant film and germanium from the exposed germanium region;
wherein depositing the primary metal oxide comprises conducting a plurality of primary metal oxide atomic layer deposition cycles, wherein each of the plurality of primary metal oxide atomic layer deposition cycles comprises alternately and sequentially contacting the substrate with a vapor phase primary metal source and a vapor phase metal oxide deposition cycle oxygen source.
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Abstract
In one aspect, methods of silicidation and germanidation are provided. In some embodiments, methods for forming metal silicide can include forming a non-oxide interface, such as germanium or solid antimony, over exposed silicon regions of a substrate. Metal oxide is formed over the interface layer. Annealing and reducing causes metal from the metal oxide to react with the underlying silicon and form metal silicide. Additionally, metal germanide can be formed by reduction of metal oxide over germanium, whether or not any underlying silicon is also silicided. In other embodiments, nickel is deposited directly and an interface layer is not used. In another aspect, methods of depositing nickel thin films by vapor phase deposition processes are provided. In some embodiments, nickel thin films are deposited by ALD.
309 Citations
18 Claims
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1. A method for forming a doped metal germanide, comprising:
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providing a substrate having at least one exposed germanium region; depositing a metal oxide film comprising a first metal over the exposed germanium region; depositing a dopant film comprising a second metal over the exposed germanium region and heating the substrate to form the doped metal germanide film over the exposed germanium region using first metal from the metal oxide film, second metal from the dopant film and germanium from the exposed germanium region; wherein depositing the primary metal oxide comprises conducting a plurality of primary metal oxide atomic layer deposition cycles, wherein each of the plurality of primary metal oxide atomic layer deposition cycles comprises alternately and sequentially contacting the substrate with a vapor phase primary metal source and a vapor phase metal oxide deposition cycle oxygen source. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A method for forming a doped metal germanide film, comprising:
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providing a substrate having at least one exposed germanium region; depositing a primary metal oxide and a dopant metal oxide over the exposed germanium region; and forming the doped metal germanide film over the exposed germanium region using a primary metal from the metal oxide and a dopant metal from the dopant oxide wherein forming the doped metal germanide film comprises reducing the primary metal oxide to form the primary metal and reducing the dopant metal oxide to form the dopant metal, wherein depositing the primary metal oxide comprises conducting a plurality of primary metal oxide atomic layer deposition cycles, wherein each of the plurality of primary metal oxide atomic layer deposition cycles comprises alternately and sequentially contacting the substrate with a vapor phase primary metal source and a vapor phase primary metal oxide deposition cycle oxygen source. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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Specification