Architecture and management system and device for micro-grids with energy generation, storage and consumption, of the totally integrated, dynamic and self-configurable type

• US 9,634,487 B2
• Filed: 11/06/2013
• Issued: 04/25/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 11/07/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Regal Grid Srl
• Original Assignee: Regal Grid Srl
• Inventors: Spotti, Davide
• Primary Examiner(s): Deberadinis, Robert
• Application Number:
  US14/441,382
• Publication Number:
  US 20150303692A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,266 Days
• Field of Search: 307 2
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2300/20 The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2300/22 The renewable source being solar energy
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/10 The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/58 The condition being electrical
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/12 for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/144 Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/32 using batteries with converting means
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/381 Dispersed generators
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/388 Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 30/60 Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 70/30 Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Abstract

Architecture system of a local grid made up of at least two single nodes constituting micro-grids, each managed by a self-configurable node controller that is also connected to the controllers of the other nodes and to the single energy generation, storage and consumption elements of its own node, the elements being variable in their configuration and dynamic in their behavior; the controller also optimizing the energy transfers according to specific management logics of the routine and sub-routine type.

Claims

1. Architecture system of a local grid (10) made up of at least two nodes (11), characterised in that the nodes constitute single micro-grids of the energy producer consumer storer type, each of said micro-grids (11) being managed by an electronic and self-configurable node controller (200);

and wherein said controller (200) is connected to the single controllers of the other nodes and also to the single energy generation (111), storage (113) and consumption elements (112) of its own node, said elements being variable in their configuration and dynamic in their behaviour in at least one of the provided state conditions (a), (b) and (c), just as the single node (11) and said local grid (10) can be variable and dynamic; and

wherein each node is able to control simultaneously and dynamically, according to the instantaneous configuration, the consumption, the generation and the storage of energy; and

wherein each node has the capability of communication, of the type conventionally called one-to-one, and of optimization of the conditions and state of service of each of its own generators and accumulators, it being possible to add or exclude them at any moment; and

where the controller (200) of the single node manages at least one of the three following state conditions;

a first condition (a) in which the single node (11) is simultaneously connected to said local grid (10) and also to the utility grid (110), or a second state condition (b) in which it is connected to the local grid only (10), or another third condition (c) in which it is temporarily connected to the utility grid only (110); and

wherein said node controller (200), for each of said cases, optimizes the energy transfers according to a specific management logic of the routine type called respectively L/a, if referred to the first state condition (a), or L/b if referred to the second condition (b), or still L/c if referred to the third condition (c); and

wherein said management logics L/a, L/b and L/c also refer to some sub-logics of the sub-routine type having specific functions and that are respectively called Logic D, Logic E, Logic F, Logic G and Logic H; and

wherein the operating sequence of said logics of the routine and sub-routine type include a plurality of activities and checks, called Phases and Check phases respectively, which are correlated and variously combined with respect to each other in such a way as to allow an optimized management of said micro-grids, connected to each other as well, in a system of the type variable in the configuration and dynamic in the behaviour.

2. Architecture system of a local grid (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that said Management logic L/a includes at least the following Phases and Check phases:

Start L/a);

Phase L/a1) Run Logic H for each node n;

Phase L/a2) Calculation of Σ

Eced(if) for nodes connected to the node n;

Check phase LV1) Checks if Erich(if)_n>

0;

if (yes) it accesses LV2, if (no) it accesses LV3;

Check phase LV2) Checks if Erich(if)_n<

Σ

Eced(if);

if (yes) it accesses L/a3, if (no) it accesses L/a6;

Phase L/a3) Run of Logic D and Logic E with the determination of the set of nodes that will send Erich(if)_n to the node n;

Phase L/a4) The node n draws Erich(if)_n from the local grid;

Phase L/a5) Progressive update of the energy transferred/received from the local grid for each node;

Check phase LV3) Check of the state condition of the node n;

if it respects the first condition (a) it accesses L/a1, if it respects the second condition (b) it accesses L/a8, if it respects the third condition (c) it accesses L/a9;

Phase L/a6) The node n draws Erich(if)_n from the utility grid;

Phase L/a7) Progressive update of the energy received from the utility grid for each node, with access to LV3;

Phase L/a8) Run Management logic L/b, then accesses L/a9;

Phase L/a9) Run Management logic L/c;

End L/a).

3. Architecture system of a local grid (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that said Management logic L/b includes at least the following Phases and Check phases:

Start L/b);

Phase L/b1=Phase L/a1);

Phase L/b2=Phase L/a2);

Check phase LV1) like for L/a;

Check phase LV2) like for L/a, but with different results;

if (yes) it accesses L/b3, if (no) it accesses LV2,1;

Check phase LV2.1) There is a node x connected to the node n and to the utility;

if (yes) it accesses L/b6, if (no) it accesses L/b8;

Phase L/b3=Phase L/a3);

Phase L/b4=Phase L/a4);

Phase L/b5=Phase L/a5);

Check phase LV3) like for L/a, but with different results;

if (a) it accesses L/b9, if (b) it accesses L/b1, if (c) it accesses L/b10;

Phase L/b6) The node n draws Erich(if)_n from the utility grid by means of the node x;

Phase L/b7) Progressive update of the energy received from the utility grid for each node, with access to LV3;

Phase L/b8) Run Logic F for the reduction of the load at the node n, with access to LV3;

Phase L/b9=Run Management logic L/a, then it accesses L/b10;

Phase L/b1 0=Phase L/a9);

End L/b).

4. Architecture system of a local grid (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that said Management logic L/c includes at least the following Phases and Check phases:

Start L/c);

Phase L/c1=Phase L/b1=Phase L/a1);

Phase L/c2=Phase L/b2=Phase L/a2);

Check phase LV1) like for L/a and L/b but with different results;

if (yes) it accesses L/c3, if (no) it accesses LV3;

Phase L/c3) The node n draws Erich(if)_n from the utility grid;

Phase L/c4) Progressive update of the energy received from the utility grid for each node;

Phase L/c5=Phase L/b5=Phase L/a5);

Check phase LV3) like for L/a and L/b, but with different results;

if (a) it accesses L/c7, if (b) it accesses L/c6, if (c) it accesses L/c1;

Phase L/c6) Run Management logic L/b, then it accesses L/c7;

Phase L/c7) Run Management logic L/a;

End L/c).

5. Architecture system of a local grid (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that said Logic D is of determination of the first node n to be served with Erich(if)_n and includes at least the following Phases and Check phases:

Start Logic D);

Check phase DV1) Is there more than one node for which Erich>

0? if (yes) it accesses DV2, if (no) it accesses D4;

Check phase DV2) And that is also in the condition b);

if more than one node (yes) it accesses D1, if only one node (only one) it accesses D4, if no node (none) it accesses D1;

Phase D1) Selects from these the node with greater active generation capacity;

Check phase DV3) Single choice;

if (yes) it accesses D4, if (no) it accesses D2;

Phase D2) Selects from these the node with greater active storage capacity;

Check phase DV4) Single choice;

if (yes) it accesses D4, if (no) it accesses D3;

Phase D3) Selects from these one node randomly;

Phase D4) Choice made of the first node n to be served with Erich(if)_n;

End Logic D).

6. Architecture system of a local grid (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that said Logic E is of choice of the node/nodes that transfer Erich(if) to the node n and includes at least the following Phases and Check phases:

Start Logic E);

Check phase EV1) There are several nodes having Eced(if)>

Erich(if);

if (yes) it accesses E1, if (no) it accesses E4;

Phase E1) Selects from these the node closest to the requesting node n;

Check phase EV2) Single choice;

if (yes) it accesses E4, if (no) it accesses E2;

Phase E2) Selects from these the node with greater transferable energy Eced(if);

Check phase EV3) Single choice;

if (yes) it accesses E4, if (no) it accesses E3;

Phase E3) Selects from these one node randomly;

Phase E4) Choice made of the node/nodes that transfer Erich(if)n;

•

End Logic E).

7. Architecture system of a local grid (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that said Logic F is of reduction and exclusion of the loads at the node n and includes at least the following Phases and Check phases:

Start Logic F);

Check phase FV1) There is a priority list of the loads at the node n;

if (yes) it accesses F1, if (no) it accesses F2;

Phase F1) Selects from the loads of the node n the one with less priority, then accesses F3;

Phase F2) Selects one load at the node n randomly, then accesses F3;

Phase F3) Deactivates the load selected at the node n and signals the deactivation;

End Logic F).

8. Architecture system of a local grid (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that said Logic G is of self-configuration by the controller server of each single node and includes at least the following consequential Phases:

Start Logic G);

Phase G1) Search for active generation devices in the node n;

Phase G2) Measurement of the energy generated in the node n in the interval (ip);

Phase G3) Recalculation of the value of the energy generable in the node n in the interval (if);

Phase G4) Search for active storage devices in the node n;

Phase G5) Measurement of the value of the energy stored in the node n;

Phase G6) Search for the active nodes connected to the node n;

End Logic G).

9. Architecture system of a local grid (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that said Logic H is of calculation of the energy availability or requirement of each node n and includes at least the following consequential Phases:

Start Logic H);

Phase H1) Search for active consumption loads in the node n;

Phase H2) Measurement of the energy consumed in the node n in the interval (ip);

Phase H3) Calculation of the energy consumable in the node n in the interval (if);

Phase H4) Run Logic G of self-configuration node n;

Phase H5) Calculation of the value Erich(if)_n energy required in the node n in the interval (if);

Phase H6) Calculation of the value Eced(if)_n energy transferable from the node n in the interval (if);

End Logic H).

10. Architecture system of a local grid according to claim 1, characterised in that said electronic and self-configurable node controller (200) is connected to the single generation elements (111) of its own node, to the single storage elements (113) of its own node, to each meter of the energy that its own node is consuming, to every other node (11) connected in the local area grid (10);

and wherein each controller (200) is comprehensive at least of;

access gates for the reception and sending of signals from/to the node peripheral devices, of the generators, accumulators and loads type, and also of the signals from/to the other nodes;

processors and/or microprocessors with high frequencies, from 1 to 100 KHz, for sampling the signals coming from the various above-described input/output gates to which the apparatus is connected, being comprehensive of metering systems;

processors for processing the signals received for the purpose of suitably managing the behaviour of the node on the basis of the particular logics of the routine and sub-routine type called;

L/a, L/b, L/c, Logic D, Logic E, Logic F, Logic G and Logic H;

memories for the storage of data;

electronic filters for the elimination of signal interferences;

remote control switches for remote operations;

switches and disconnecting switches of power proportionate to the node;

wireless antenna for transmissions with radio-frequency devices;

sensors for functionality and safety controls.