Wireless energy transfer using coupled antennas
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A method of transmitting power via a wireless field, comprising:
- driving a multidirectional antenna of a transmitter with a driving signal at a frequency within a range of a resonant frequency of the antenna to produce a magnetic field in more than one direction, the magnetic field configured to wirelessly transfer power to a receiver for charging a load coupled to the receiver, the receiver having a receive loop, the antenna located at a minimum distance from the receive loop of the receiver and having a higher Q factor than the receiver, the minimum distance defining a distance at or above which detuning of the antenna by the receiver is reduced, the antenna including at least a resonant component including a wire loop in series with a capacitor, and an inductive component including an inductive loop; and
preventing the antenna from being located at less than the minimum distance from the receiver.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A power transmission system produces a magnetic field at a source that is wirelessly coupled to a receiver. Both the source and receiver are capacitively coupled LC circuits, driven at or near resonance.
20 Citations
68 Claims
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1. A method of transmitting power via a wireless field, comprising:
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driving a multidirectional antenna of a transmitter with a driving signal at a frequency within a range of a resonant frequency of the antenna to produce a magnetic field in more than one direction, the magnetic field configured to wirelessly transfer power to a receiver for charging a load coupled to the receiver, the receiver having a receive loop, the antenna located at a minimum distance from the receive loop of the receiver and having a higher Q factor than the receiver, the minimum distance defining a distance at or above which detuning of the antenna by the receiver is reduced, the antenna including at least a resonant component including a wire loop in series with a capacitor, and an inductive component including an inductive loop; and preventing the antenna from being located at less than the minimum distance from the receiver. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method of transferring power via a wireless field, comprising:
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generating a magnetic field in more than one direction using a resonant transmitter having a multidirectional antenna; receiving power via the magnetic field with a resonant receiver, the resonant receiver located at a minimum distance from the resonant transmitter and having a lower Q factor than the resonant transmitter, the minimum distance defining a distance at or above which detuning of the resonant transmitter and resonant receiver are reduced, each of the resonant transmitter and the resonant receiver having a resonant component including a wire loop in series with a capacitor, and an inductive component including an inductive loop; converting power received by the resonant receiver to electrical power for charging a load coupled to the receiver; and preventing at least one of the resonant transmitter or the resonant receiver from being located at less than the minimum distance from the other of the resonant transmitter and resonant receiver.
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19. An apparatus for transmitting power via a wireless field comprising:
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a multidirectional antenna having a usable range at a resonant frequency; and a power source coupled to the antenna, the power source configured to drive the antenna using a driving signal at a frequency within a range of the resonant frequency to generate a magnetic field in more than one direction, the magnetic field configured to wirelessly transfer power to a receiver for charging a load coupled to the receiver, the receiver having a receive loop, the antenna including at least a resonant component including a wire loop in series with a capacitor, and an inductive component including an inductive loop, the antenna positioned at or further than a minimum distance from the receive loop of the receiver and having a higher Q factor than the receiver, the minimum distance equal to a distance at or above which detuning of the antenna by the receiver is reduced. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35)
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36. A system of transferring energy wirelessly, comprising:
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multidirectional antenna having a usable range at a resonant frequency and having a higher Q factor than a receiver; a power source coupled to the antenna, the power source configured to drive the antenna using a driving signal having a frequency within a range of the resonant frequency to generate a magnetic field in more than one direction, the antenna including at least a first resonant component including a wire loop in series with a capacitor, and a first inductive component including an inductive coil, the first inductive component being physically separated from the first resonant component, and the receiver configured to receive power via the magnetic field and charge a load coupled to the receiver, the receiver including a second resonant component including a wire loop and a capacitor, and a second inductive component including an inductive loop; and a frame coupled to the antenna, the frame configured to prevent the antenna from being located at less than a minimum distance from the receiver, the minimum distance equal to a distance at or above which detuning of the antenna by the receiver is reduced. - View Dependent Claims (37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47)
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48. An apparatus for receiving power via a wireless field comprising:
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an antenna having a usable range at a resonant frequency and configured to receive power via a magnetic field generated in more than one direction by a transmitter having a multidirectional antenna; and a circuit configured to receive power from the antenna at a frequency within a range of the resonant frequency to generate a power output from the received power, the power output configured to charge a load coupled to the receive circuit, the antenna having a lower Q factor than the transmitter antenna and formed of a combination of components, including at least a resonant component including a wire loop in series with a capacitor, and an inductive component including an inductive coil, the inductive component physically separated from the resonant component; and a frame coupled to the antenna, the frame configured to prevent the antenna from being located at less than a minimum distance from the transmitter, the minimum distance equal to a distance at or above which detuning of the antenna by the transmitter is reduced. - View Dependent Claims (49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58)
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59. A method of receiving power via a wireless field, comprising:
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receiving power via a magnetic field generated in more than one direction by a transmitter having a multidirectional antenna with a series resonant antenna having a usable range at a resonant frequency and having a lower Q factor than the transmitter antenna, the resonant antenna including a resonant component and an inductive component; transferring the received power from the resonant component to the inductive component; converting the transferred power to electrical power with a receiving circuit, the receiving circuit interacting with the inductive component at a frequency within a range of the resonant frequency to generate a power output from the transferred power, the power output configured to charge a load, the resonant component including a wire loop in series with a capacitor, and the inductive component including an inductive coil; and preventing the antenna from being located at less than a minimum distance from the transmitter, the minimum distance defining a distance at or above which detuning of the antenna by the transmitter is reduced. - View Dependent Claims (60, 61)
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62. An apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly, comprising:
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means for driving multidirectional antenna with a driving signal at a frequency within a range of the resonant frequency of the antenna to generate a magnetic field in more than one direction, the magnetic field configured to wirelessly transfer power to a receiver for charging a load coupled to the receiver, said antenna located at a minimum distance from the receiver and having a greater Q factor than the receiver, the minimum distance equal to a distance at or above which detuning of the antenna by the receiver is reduced, the antenna including at least means for resonating including a wire loop in series with a capacitor, and means for inducting; and means for preventing the antenna from being located at less than the minimum distance from the receiver.
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63. An apparatus for wirelessly receiving power, comprising:
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means for receiving power via a magnetic field with a series resonant antenna having a usable range at a resonant frequency and having a lower Q factor than a transmitter generating the magnetic field in more than one direction, the resonant antenna including a means for resonating and means for inducting; means for transferring the received power from the means for resonating to the means for inducting; means for converting the transferred power to electrical power, the means for converting configured to interact with the means for inducting at a frequency within a range of the resonant frequency to generate a power output from the transferred power, the power output configured to charge a load coupled to the means for receiving power, the means for resonating including a wire loop in series with a capacitor, and the means for inducting including an inductive coil; and means for preventing the antenna from being located at less than a minimum distance from the transmitter having a multidirectional antenna, the minimum distance equal to a distance at or above which detuning of the antenna by the transmitter is reduced.
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64. An antenna comprising:
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a first loop of conductive material; a first tuning part coupled to the first loop; a second loop of conductive material, the second loop configured to encompass the first loop and being unconnected to the first loop; and a second tuning part coupled in series to the second loop, the first tuning part and the second tuning part configured to adjust a characteristic of the antenna, the antenna configured to be located at or greater than a minimum distance from another antenna, the minimum distance equal to a distance at or above which detuning of the antenna by the other antenna is reduced, and further configured to generate a magnetic field in more than one direction, configured to wirelessly transfer power to the other antenna for charging a load coupled to the other antenna. - View Dependent Claims (65)
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66. A method of transmitting power via a magnetic field, the method comprising:
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driving a multidirectional antenna having a higher Q factor than a receiver with a driving signal at a frequency within a range of the resonant frequency of the antenna to generate the magnetic field in more than one direction, the magnetic field configured to wirelessly transfer power to the receiver for charging a load coupled to the receiver, the antenna including a first loop of conductive material, a first tuning part coupled to the first loop, a second loop of conductive material, the second loop configured to encompass the first loop and being unconnected to the first loop, and a second tuning part coupled in series to the second loop; and preventing the antenna from being located at less than a minimum distance from the receiver, the minimum distance defining a distance at or above which detuning of the antenna by the receiver is reduced.
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67. A method of receiving power via a magnetic field, the method comprising:
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receiving power transmitted by a transmitter having a multidirectional antenna via the magnetic field generated in more than one direction with an antenna having a lower Q factor than the transmitter antenna; converting the received power to electrical power for charging a load coupled to the antenna, the antenna including a first loop of conductive material, a first tuning part coupled to the first loop, a second loop of conductive material, the second loop configured to encompass the first loop and being unconnected to the first loop, and a second tuning part coupled in series to the second loop; and preventing the antenna from being located at less than a minimum distance from the transmitter, the minimum distance defining a distance at or above which detuning of the antenna by the transmitter is reduced.
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68. An antenna comprising:
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a first loop of conductive material; first means for tuning coupled to the first loop; a second loop of conductive material, the second loop configured to encompass the first loop and being unconnected to the first loop; and second means for tuning coupled in series to the second loop, the first means for tuning and the second means for tuning configured to adjust a characteristic of the antenna, the antenna configured to be located at or greater than a minimum distance from another multidirectional antenna, the minimum distance equal to a distance at or above which detuning of the antenna by the other antenna is reduced, and further configured to receive a magnetic field generated in more than one direction and configured to wirelessly transfer power to the antenna for charging a load, the second loop having a lower Q factor than the other antenna.
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Specification