Non-invasive analyte detection system with modulation source

• US 9,636,034 B2
• Filed: 10/23/2013
• Issued: 05/02/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 10/23/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Google LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Verily Life Sciences LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Inventors: Conrad, Andrew, Peeters, Eric, Bajaj, Vikram Singh, Thompson, Jason, Askew, Mark
• Primary Examiner(s): CHEN, TSE W
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hoffman, Joanne
• Application Number:
  US14/061,325
• Publication Number:
  US 20150112167A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,287 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0022 Monitoring a patient using a global network, e.g. telephone networks, internet
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0059 using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0071 by measuring fluorescence emission
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/01 Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02055 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular condition and temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/021 Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels A61B5/0205 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/024 Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate A61B5/0205, A61B5/021 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/05 Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves impedance plethysmography A61B5/0295; measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof A61B5/11; detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof A61B5/24
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0515 Magnetic particle imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/055 involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14546 for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1455 using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/681 Wristwatch-type devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7228 Signal modulation applied to the input signal sent to patient or subject; demodulation to recover the physiological signal modulation H03C
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/24 for measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/44 using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] G01R33/24, G01R33/62 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/63 for local operation

Abstract

A system for modulating a response signal includes functionalized particles configured to interact with target analytes, a detector configured to detect an analyte response signal transmitted from the body, a modulation source configured to modulate the analyte response signal, and a processor configured to non-invasively detect the one or more target analytes by differentiating the analyte response signal from a background signal, at least in part, based on the modulation. The analyte response signal is related to the interaction of the target analytes with the functionalized particles. In some examples, the system may also include magnetic particles and a magnetic field source sufficient to distribute the magnetic particles into a spatial arrangement in the body. The analyte response signal may be differentiated from the background signal, at least in part, based on modulation of the signals due, at least in part, to the spatial arrangement of the magnetic particles.

Claims

1. A system, comprising:

functionalized particles, wherein the functionalized particles interact with one or more target analytes present in an environment;

a detector positioned in proximity to the environment and that detects a response signal transmitted from the environment, wherein the response signal includes a background signal and an analyte response signal indicative of interaction of the one or more target analytes with the functionalized particles;

magnetic particles;

a magnetic field source positioned in proximity to the environment and configured to distribute the magnetic particles into a spatial arrangement in the environment such that the magnetic particles in the spatial arrangement are positioned in proximity to a surface of the environment nearest to the detector, wherein the spatial arrangement of the magnetic particles in the environment modulates the analyte response signal as functionalized particles in the environment flow past the spatial arrangement of magnetic particles, such that the analyte response signal is affected differently than the background signal, such that a period of the unmodulated analyte response signal is different than a period of the modulated analyte response signal as detected, and such that the period of the modulated analyte response signal as detected is different than a period of the background signal as detected; and

a processor configured to non-invasively detect the one or more target analytes by differentiating the analyte response signal from the background signal, based at least in part, on the modulation of the analyte response signal.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the response signal further includes an unbound particle signal indicative of functionalized particles that are not interacting with the one or more target analytes.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the processor further non-invasively detects the one or more target analytes by differentiating the analyte response signal from the unbound particle signal, at least in part, based on modulation of the signals due, at least in part, to the spatial arrangement of the magnetic particles.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the analyte response signal is affected differently than the unbound particle signal, and wherein a period of the modulated analyte response signal as detected is different than a period of the modulated unbound particle signal as detected.

5. The system of claim 1, further comprising an interrogating signal source, the response signal being transmitted in response to the interrogating signal.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the environment comprises a fluid conduit.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the environment comprises a fluid reservoir.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the environment comprises a living body.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the environment comprises a lumen of subsurface vasculature in the living body.