Selected image acquisition technique to optimize patient model construction

• US 9,636,183 B2
• Filed: 06/30/2014
• Issued: 05/02/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 10/20/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Navigation Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Navigation Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Helm, Patrick A., Shi, Shuanghe
• Primary Examiner(s): DULANEY, KATHLEEN YUAN
• Application Number:
  US14/319,181
• Publication Number:
  US 20140313193A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,037 Days
• Field of Search: 382131, 382294, 378 20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/105 Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2051 Electromagnetic tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/0818 Redundant systems, e.g. using two independent measuring systems and comparing the signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/363 Use of fiducial points
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/367 creating a 3D dataset from 2D images using position information
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/376 using X-rays, e.g. fluoroscopy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3764 with a rotating C-arm having a cone beam emitting source
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3983 Reference marker arrangements for use with image guided surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3995 Multi-modality markers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/10 Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/055 involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/032 Transmission computed tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4441 the rigid structure being a C-arm or U-arm
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4476 related to motor-assisted motion of the source unit
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/461 Displaying means of special interest
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/467 characterised by special input means
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/487 involving fluoroscopy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/52 Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/5235 : combining images from the same or different ionising radiation imaging techniques, e.g. PET and CT
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 11/005 : Specific pre-processing for tomographic reconstruction, e.g. calibration, source positioning, rebinning, scatter correction, retrospective gating
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 17/10 : Constructive solid geometry [CSG] using solid primitives, e.g. cylinders, cubes
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2211/412 : Dynamic

Abstract

A system and a method are disclosed that allow for generation of a model or reconstruction of a model of a subject based upon acquired image data. The image data can be acquired in a substantially mobile system that can be moved relative to a subject to allow for image acquisition from a plurality of orientations relative to the subject. The plurality of orientations can include a first and final orientation and a predetermined path along which an image data collector or detector can move to acquire an appropriate image data set to allow for the model of construction.

Claims

1. A method of analyzing image data of a subject with an imaging system, comprising:

acquiring initial image data of a selected portion of the subject from an imaging system positioned around the subject;

constructing a first three-dimensional model of the selected portion of the subject using the acquired image data;

receiving into a processor system an input regarding a procedure performed on a portion of the subject;

acquiring discriminatory discrete location image data of the subject at locations limited to the portion of the subject effected by the inputted procedure;

executing instructions with a processor to determine a comparative movement of a gantry and a detector that is less than the movement of the detector while acquiring the initial image data of the subject that includes instructions for moving the gantry and the detector to acquire the comparative image data;

comparing the acquired discriminatory discrete location image data to at least a portion of the constructed first three-dimensional model of the portion of the subject;

identifying specific regions having a change between the acquired discriminatory discrete location image data and a simulated projection image data from the first constructed three-dimensional model of the portion of the subject;

acquiring additional comparative image data of identified specific regions of a threshold change; and

constructing a comparative model of the subject after the performed procedure;

wherein acquiring the additional comparative image data includes acquiring less image data of the subject than with the acquired initial image data of the subject;

wherein acquiring less image data includes exposing the subject to less x-ray radiation than while acquiring the initial image data of the subject;

wherein constructing the comparative model of the subject after the performed procedure includes changing the three-dimensional model with the acquired additional comparative image data.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the change is defined as a threshold change.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the threshold change is a percentage change.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein acquiring the initial image data of the subject, includes:

positioning the gantry in a predetermined first orientation relative to the subject based upon known possible movements of the gantry and the detector within the gantry to acquire a selected image data set of the subject; and

moving the gantry and the detector to a predetermined final orientation relative to the subject while acquiring image data of the subject to acquire the selected image data set of the subject.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

positioning the gantry to completely annularly encompass at least a portion of the subject;

wherein the imaging system includes the gantry.

6. A method of analyzing image data of a subject with an imaging system, comprising:

constructing a first three-dimensional model of a portion of the subject with an initial image data that has been acquired of the subject;

comparing an acquired discriminatory discrete location image data, wherein the discriminatory discrete location image data has a first image acquired at least a first discrete location spaced apart from a second image acquired at a second discrete location, to at least a portion of the constructed first three-dimensional model of the portion of the subject;

identifying specific regions having a threshold change between the acquired discriminatory discrete location image data and a simulated projection image data from the first constructed three-dimensional model of the portion of the subject;

determining, based at least on the identified specific regions having the threshold change, at least one location of a detector in a gantry to acquire a comparative image data regarding the specific regions having the identified specific regions having the threshold change after a period that the acquired discriminatory discrete location image data is acquired;

acquiring the comparative image data; and

constructing a comparative model of a region of interest based on the identified specific regions of change relative to the constructed first three-dimensional model including the acquired comparative image data.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

acquiring the comparative image data with x-rays at the determined at least one location of the detector;

acquiring the initial image data with x-rays.

8. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

executing instructions with a processor system to determine at least one location of the detector to acquire the comparative image data regarding the identified specific regions having the threshold change.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

executing instructions with the processor system to determine a plurality of locations for positioning the detector to acquire a plurality of comparative image data regarding the identified specific regions having the threshold change.

10. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

acquiring the initial image data of the subject, including;

positioning the detector in the gantry in a predetermined first orientation relative to the subject based upon known possible movements of the detector and the gantry to acquire a selected image data set of the subject; and

moving the gantry and the detector to a predetermined final orientation relative to the subject while acquiring image data of the subject to acquire the selected image data set of the subject.

11. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

acquiring the comparative image data with x-rays at the determined at least one location of the detector; and

acquiring the initial image data with x-rays.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

constructing a comparative model of a region of interest based on the identified specific regions of change relative to the constructed initial three-dimensional model including the acquired comparative image data.

13. A method of analyzing image data of a subject with an imaging system, comprising:

constructing a first three-dimensional model of at least a portion of the subject with a first image data acquired with an imaging system;

receiving an input including at least a location of a procedure performed on an effected portion of the subject;

comparing an acquired limited number of images as discriminatory discrete location image data of the subject to at least a portion of the constructed first three-dimensional model of the portion of the subject, wherein the acquired limited number of images is based at least in part on the received input regarding the location of the procedure performed on the effected portion of the subject;

identifying specific regions having a change between the acquired discriminatory discrete location image data and a simulated projection image data from the first constructed three-dimensional model of the portion of the subject; and

constructing a second three-dimensional model as a comparative model of the subject based at least on a comparative image data acquired after the identifying specific regions have change.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the limited number of images is at locations limited to an effected portion of the subject based on the procedure;

wherein the limited number of images includes a number of images less than a number of images in the first image data for constructing the first three-dimensional model.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:

executing instructions with a processor to determine a comparative movement of the imaging system that is less than a movement of the imaging system while acquiring the first image data of the subject, wherein the instructions include movement instructions for the imaging system to acquire a comparative image data of identified specific regions of a threshold change which includes acquiring less image data of the subject than the first image data of the subject.

16. A method of analyzing image data of a subject with an imaging system, comprising:

constructing a first three-dimensional model of at least a portion of the subject regarding which a first image data was acquired with an imaging system;

comparing an acquired limited number of images as discriminatory discrete location image data of the subject to at least a portion of the constructed first three-dimensional model of the portion of the subject, wherein the acquired limited number of images is based on an input regarding a procedure performed on an effected portion of the subject;

identifying specific regions having a change between the acquired discriminatory discrete location image data and a simulated projection image data from the first constructed three-dimensional model of the portion of the subject;

acquiring a comparative image data of identified specific regions having the change, which includes acquiring less image data of the subject than the first image data of the subject; and

constructing a second three-dimensional model as a comparative model of the subject based at least on the comparative image data;

wherein constructing the second three-dimensional model as the comparative model of the subject includes changing the first three-dimensional model with the acquired comparative image data.