Combustion control via homogeneous combustion radical ignition (HCRI) or partial HCRI in cyclic IC engines

• US 9,638,093 B2
• Filed: 04/17/2015
• Issued: 05/02/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 04/07/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hcri Technologies International, LLC
• Original Assignee: Hcri Technologies International, LLC
• Inventors: Blank, David A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Vo, Hieu T
• Application Number:
  US14/690,004
• Publication Number:
  US 20150219004A1
• Time in Patent Office: 746 Days
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 19/10 with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 19/12 with positive ignition engines with non-timed positive ignition, and with incandescent chambers F02B9/08
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 19/18 Transfer passages between chamber and cylinder
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 2023/085 using several spark plugs per cylinder
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 2053/005 Wankel engines
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 53/02 Methods of operating
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 55/02 Pistons
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 35/02 on interior conditions
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/0025 Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/0027 the fuel being gaseous non-electrical control F02D19/02
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/3035 a mode being the premixed charge compression-ignition mode
• CPC Class Codes: F02M 26/35 with means for cleaning or treating the recirculated gases, e.g. catalysts, condensate traps, particle filters or heaters
• CPC Class Codes: F02P 15/02 Arrangements having two or more sparking plugs
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

A process is provided for improving combustion control and fuel efficiency in rotary and reciprocating IC engines by enabling leaner combustion at higher compression ratios using less heat for ignition. Embodiments employ secondary chambers of minimal total volume within a cylinder periphery. These chambers communicate with a main chamber via conduits and enable a radical ignition (“RI”) species generation and supply process that starts in earlier cycles to be augmented and used in later cycles. Measures regulate the RI species generated and provided to the main chamber. These species alter dominant chain-initiation reactions of the combustion ignition mechanism. Also employed when preferable are fluids of higher heat of vaporization and volatility but lower ignitability than the fuel. This process improves combustion in radical ignition engines and radical augmented spark and compression ignition engines.

Claims

1. A cyclic engine for combustion of a fuel, said engine comprising:

at least one combustion chamber that receives the fuel and air for said combustion;

means for providing said fuel and said air to said combustion chamber;

at least one work-power producing component that moves responsive to said combustion;

means for generating radical ignition species starting in and continuing from a prior combustion cycle; and

at least one regulator that selectively modulates a portion of said radical ignition species for use in said combustion chamber in a combustion cycle occurring after said prior combustion cycle.

2. The cyclic engine of claim 1, wherein said means for generating radical ignition species uses radical ignition species of said fuel and OH to impel OH hydrogen atom abstraction from molecules of said fuel for decomposition of said fuel and said generation starts in and continues from said prior cycle.

3. The cyclic engine of claim 1, wherein said means for means for means for generating radical ignition species uses radical ignition species of said fuel and OH to impel HO₂ and OH hydrogen atom abstraction from molecules of said fuel for decomposition of said fuel and said generation starts in and continues from said prior cycle.

4. The cyclic engine of claim 1, wherein for at least a portion of said generating, said means for said generating radical ignition species includes a mini-chamber connected to said at least one combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits, wherein the plurality of conduits enables throttled flow between said mini-chamber and said at least one combustion chamber during a time period when said portion of said generating is occurring within said prior cycle.

5. The cyclic engine of claim 4, where said mini-chamber is control-passive.

6. The cyclic engine of claim 1, wherein, for facilitating at least one part of said generating radical ignition species, said means for generating radical ignition species includes at least one of the following:

a. a control-active mini-chamber connected to said at least one combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits that together ensures throttled flow between said control-active mini-chamber and said combustion chamber during said prior cycle;

b. a control-active mini-chamber connected to said at least one combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits that together facilitates throttled flow between said control-active mini-chamber and said combustion chamber while said control-active mini-chamber is performing said at least one part of said generating radical ignition species during said prior cycle;

c. a control-passive mini-chamber connected to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits that together ensures throttled flow between said control-passive mini-chamber and said at least one combustion chamber during said prior cycle;

d. a control-passive mini-chamber connected to said at least one combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits that together facilitates throttled flow between said control-passive mini-chamber and said combustion chamber while said control-passive mini-chamber is performing said at least one part of said generating radical ignition species during said prior cycle;

e. said at least one combustion chamber of said engine during a period after starting of an ignition of said prior cycle and before completion of said ignition of said prior cycle, where said ignition is via a propagating flame front;

f. said at least one combustion chamber of said engine during said prior cycle but after a combustion event of said prior cycle;

g. said at least one combustion chamber of said engine during said later cycle but before said combustion of said later cycle;

h. a volume within said at least one combustion chamber, said volume containing an unburned quantity of a mixture of said fuel and said air, where said volume is located ahead of a path of a flame front as said flame front is propagating within said combustion chamber during said combustion occurring in said combustion chamber during said prior cycle;

i. said at least one combustion chamber of said engine during a period before start of an ignition of said later cycle; and

j. said at least one combustion chamber of said engine during a period after starting of an ignition of said later cycle and before completion of said ignition of said later cycle, where said ignition is via a propagating flame front.

7. The cyclic engine of claim 1, wherein said at least one regulator is a radical ignition species generation regulating device used to modulate a segment of said portion by affecting at least one part of said generating, where said radical ignition species generation regulating device is configured to accomplish at least one of the following functions:

a. affect magnitudes of said part of said generating occurring in at least one secondary chamber associated with said combustion chamber;

b. affect at least one thermo-fluid chemical-kinetic sub-process effecting said part of said generating occurring in at least one secondary chamber associated with said combustion chamber;

c. affect timings of transfer of said radical ignition species into at least one secondary chamber associated with said combustion chamber;

d. affect the timings of transfer of said OH into at least one secondary chamber associated with said combustion chamber;

e. affect flows of quantities of said radical ignition species into at least one secondary chamber associated with said combustion chamber;

f. affect flows of quantities of said radical ignition species out of at least one secondary chamber associated with said combustion chamber; and

g. affect flows of quantities of unconsumed fuel and oxygen out of at least one secondary chamber associated with said combustion chamber.

8. The cyclic engine of claim 1, wherein said means for generating radical ignition species includes at least one of the following chambers or chamber volumes for use together with said at least one regulator to moderate a segment of said portion:

a. a control-active mini-chamber wherein, during an intake event of said later cycle, a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as an ignition means is employed to kindle and burn gases of said mini-chamber to push at least some percentage of said segment heretofore resident within said mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one conduit while also facilitating within said mini-chamber a part of said generating;

b. a control-active mini-chamber wherein, during an intake event of said later cycle, a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as an ignition means is employed to kindle and burn fuel-rich gases of said mini-chamber to push at least some percentage of said segment heretofore resident within said mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one conduit while also facilitating within said mini-chamber a part of said generating;

c. a control-active mini-chamber wherein, during a main-compression event of said later cycle, a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as an ignition means is employed to kindle and burn gases of said mini-chamber to push at least some percentage of said segment heretofore resident within said mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one conduit while also facilitating within said mini-chamber a part of said generating; and

d. a control-active mini-chamber wherein, during a main-compression event of said later cycle, a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as an ignition means is employed to kindle and burn fuel-rich gases of said mini-chamber to push at least some percentage of said segment heretofore resident within said mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one conduit while also facilitating within said mini-chamber a part of said generating.

9. The cyclic engine defined in claim 1, wherein said engine makes use of at least one logic for managing at least one apparatus in communication with at least one data structure appropriate to characteristics of a mixture of said fuel and said air, wherein data stored in said data structure is related to an operation of said engine under varying engine operating conditions including load and speed conditions, and wherein at least one of the following further applies:

a. at least one of said data structure includes combustion history;

b. at least one of said data structure supports a combustion-history aided management sub-system;

c. at least one of said logic is sensor directed;

d. at least one of said data structure is in contact with a microcomputer as said apparatus;

e. at least one of said data structure is in contact with a computer as said apparatus;

f. at least one of said data structure is in contact with a processor as said apparatus;

g. at least one of said data structure facilitates direction of said regulator;

h. at least one of said apparatus directs mechanically;

i. at least one of said data structure facilitates mechanical direction of said regulator;

j. at least one of said logic responsive to at least one exhaust emissions condition of said engine;

k. at least one of said logic responsive to at least one temperature condition of said engine; and

l. at least one of said logic responsive to at least one pressure condition of said engine.

10. The engine of claim 9, wherein said logic directs said engine in implementing at least one of the following homogeneous combustion radical ignition sub-processes:

a. a direct fuel injection full homogeneous combustion radical ignition process, wherein said radical ignition species are dominating ignition in said engine;

b. a premixed charge full homogeneous combustion radical ignition process, wherein said radical ignition species are dominating ignition in said engine;

c. a combined direct fuel injection and premixed charge full homogeneous combustion radical ignition process, wherein said radical ignition species are dominating ignition in said engine;

d. a radical ignition species augmented premixed charge compression ignition process, PCCI, wherein said radical ignition species are augmenting premixed charge compression ignition in said engine;

e. a radical ignition species augmented homogeneous charge compression ignition process, HCCI, wherein said radical ignition species are augmenting homogeneous charge compression ignition in said engine;

f. a radical ignition species augmented stratified charge compression ignition process, SCCI, wherein said radical ignition species are augmenting stratified charge compression ignition in said engine;

g. a radical ignition species augmented direct injection compression ignition process, DI CI, wherein said radical ignition species are augmenting direct injection compression ignition in said engine;

h. a radical ignition species augmented premixed charge spark ignition process, PCSI, wherein said radical ignition species are augmenting premixed charge spark ignition in said engine;

i. a radical ignition species augmented homogeneous charge spark ignition process, HCSI, wherein said radical ignition species are augmenting homogeneous charge spark ignition in said engine;

j. a radical ignition species augmented conventional diesel combustion process, wherein said radical ignition species are augmenting conventional diesel combustion in said engine;

k. a radical ignition species augmented low temperature combustion process, LTC, wherein said radical ignition species are augmenting low temperature combustion in said engine;

l. a radical ignition species augmented stratified charge spark ignition process, SCSI, wherein said radical ignition species are augmenting stratified charge spark ignition in said engine; and

m. a radical ignition species augmented direct injection spark ignition process, DI SI, wherein said radical ignition species are augmenting direct injection spark ignition in said engine.

11. A combustion system for combustion of a fuel in a cyclic internal combustion engine, the combustion system comprising:

at least one combustion chamber that receives the fuel and air for said combustion;

means for providing the fuel to said combustion chamber;

at least one work-power producing component that moves responsive to said combustion;

means for generating radical ignition species, said generating starting in and continuing from a prior combustion cycle; and

at least one regulator that selectively modulates a portion of said radical ignition species for said combustion in a later combustion cycle occurring after said prior combustion cycle.

12. The combustion system as defined in claim 11, wherein combustion stability of said combustion of said fuel is improved.

13. The combustion system as defined in claim 11, wherein combustion efficiency of said combustion of said fuel is increased.

14. The combustion system as defined in claim 11, wherein said generating radical ignition species uses OH to impel OH-decomposition of said fuel, where said generating with said OH-decomposition of said fuel starts in and continues from said prior cycle.

15. The combustion system as defined in claim 11, wherein said generating radical ignition species uses radical ignition species of said fuel and OH to impel OH-decomposition of said fuel, where said generating with said OH-decomposition of said fuel starts in and continues from said prior cycle.

16. The combustion system as defined in claim 11, wherein said combustion of said fuel is facilitated while both decreasing heat required and decreasing fuel to air ratios of said fuel required for an ignition of said fuel within said at least one combustion chamber.

17. The combustion system as defined in claim 11, wherein said fuel consist of a base fuel and at least one fluid, where said fluid of said fuel has a heat of vaporization and a volatility higher than that of the base fuel and an ignitability that is lower than that of the base fuel.

18. The combustion system as defined in claim 11, wherein said fuel consist of a base fuel and at least one fluid, where said fluid of said fuel has a heat of vaporization and a volatility higher than that of the base fuel and an ignitability that is lower than that of the base fuel and wherein said combustion of said fuel is facilitated while both decreasing heat required and decreasing fuel to air ratios of said fuel required for an ignition of said fuel within said at least one combustion chamber.

19. The combustion system as defined in claim 18, wherein also an effective compression ratio of said engine is elevated to higher than is otherwise practical with only use of said base fuel alone, and thus without use of said fluid.

20. The combustion system as defined in claim 18, whereby an effective compression ratio of said engine is caused to be elevated for said ignition of said fuel under fuel to air ratios of said fuel that can be leaner than otherwise without use of said portion.

21. A process for combustion of a fuel in at least one combustion chamber of a cyclic internal combustion engine, the process comprising:

inserting said fuel and air into said at least one combustion chamber;

generating radical ignition species of said fuel, said generating starting in and continuing from a prior combustion cycle;

regulating at least one portion of said radical ignition species; and

selectively modulating ignition of said fuel in said combustion chamber during a later combustion cycle than said prior combustion cycle using at least some of said at least one portion.

22. The process of claim 21, whereby fuel efficiency of said combustion of said fuel is increased.

23. The process of claim 21, whereby combustion efficiency of said combustion of said fuel is increased.

24. The process of claim 21, wherein said generating of said radical ignition species uses radical ignition species of said fuel and OH to impel OH-decomposition of said fuel, where said generating with said OH-decomposition of said fuel starts in and continues from said prior cycle.

25. The process of claim 21, wherein said means for generating radical ignition species uses radical ignition species of said fuel and OH to impel hydrogen atom abstraction from molecules of said fuel by HO₂ and OH for decomposition of said fuel and said generation starts in and continues from said prior cycle.

26. The process of claim 21, whereby said combustion of said fuel is facilitated while both decreasing heat required and decreasing fuel to air ratios of said fuel required for said ignition of said fuel within said combustion chamber.

27. The process of claim 26, where said process additionally includes use of boost pressure.

28. The process of claim 21, wherein said fuel is a mixture of a base fuel and at least one fluid, where said fluid of said fuel has a heat of vaporization and a volatility higher than that of the base fuel and an ignitability that is lower than that of the base fuel.

29. The process of claim 21, wherein said fuel is a mixture of a base fuel and at least one fluid, where said fluid of said fuel has a heat of vaporization and a volatility higher than that of the base fuel and an ignitability that is lower than that of the base fuel and wherein said combustion of said fuel is facilitated while both decreasing heat required and decreasing fuel to air ratios of said fuel required for said ignition of said fuel within said combustion chamber.

30. The process of claim 29, wherein also an effective compression ratio of said engine is caused to be elevated to higher than is otherwise practical with only use of said base fuel alone, and thus without use of said fluid.

31. The process of claim 29, wherein also an effective compression ratio of said engine is caused to be elevated for said ignition of said fuel under fuel to air ratios of said fuel that can be leaner than otherwise without using said at least some of said portion.

32. The process of claim 21, whereby combustion stability of said combustion of said fuel is increased.

33. The process of claim 21, wherein said generating radical ignition species uses radical ignition species of said fuel and OH to impel hydrogen atom abstraction from molecules of said fuel by OH for decomposition of said fuel and said generation starts in and continues from said prior cycle.

34. The process of claim 33, where said generating during said prior cycle is occurring both within said combustion chamber and within at least one control-passive mini-chamber connected to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits, and where said plurality of conduits together ensures throttled flow between said combustion chamber and said control-passive mini-chamber both during said generating occurring within said combustion chamber before completion of an ignition event of said prior cycle and during said generating occurring within said control-passive mini-chamber in said prior cycle.

35. The process of claim 33, where said generating during said prior cycle is occurring both within said combustion chamber and within at least one control-passive mini-chamber connected to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits, and where said plurality of conduits together facilitates throttled flow between said combustion chamber and said control-passive mini-chamber both during said generating occurring within said combustion chamber before completion of an ignition event of said prior cycle and during said generating occurring within said control-passive mini-chamber in said prior cycle.

36. The process of claim 21, wherein:

said regulating at least one portion of said radical ignition species involves transferring said at least one portion; and

said transferring results in at least one of the following transfer exchanges;

a. an in flux of said at least one portion from said combustion chamber into a mini-chamber of said engine during a part of said generating occurring in said combustion chamber during said prior cycle, where said mini-chamber is connected to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits, and where said part of said generating is occurring in said combustion chamber during said prior cycle;

b. an in flux of said at least one portion from said combustion chamber into a mini-chamber of said engine during a part of said generating occurring in said combustion chamber during said prior cycle, where said mini-chamber is connected to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits that together facilitates throttled flow between said combustion chamber and said mini-chamber during said part of said generating, and where said part of said generating is occurring in said combustion chamber during said prior cycle;

c. an in flux of said at least one portion from said combustion chamber into a mini-chamber of said engine during a part of said generating occurring in said combustion chamber during said prior cycle, where said mini-chamber is connected to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits, and where said part of said generating is occurring within said combustion chamber in a volume of an unburned quantity of a mixture of said fuel and said air ahead of a path of a flame front as said flame front is propagating during an ignition event of said prior cycle, with said in flux being taken from said volume;

d. an in flux of said at least one portion from said combustion chamber into a mini-chamber of said engine during a part of said generating occurring in said combustion chamber during said prior cycle, where said mini-chamber is connected to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits that together facilitates throttled flow between said combustion chamber and said mini-chamber during said part of said generating, and where said part of said generating is occurring within said combustion chamber in a volume of an unburned quantity of a mixture of said fuel and said air ahead of a path of a flame front as said flame front is propagating during an ignition event of said prior cycle, with said in flux being taken from said volume;

e. an out flux of said at least one portion into said combustion chamber after completion of said combustion occurring during said prior cycle, where said out flux is through discharging of said at least one portion from a mini-chamber of said engine to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits;

f. an out flux of said at least one portion into said combustion chamber after completion of said combustion occurring during said prior cycle, where said out flux is through discharging of said at least one portion from a mini-chamber that is a control-passive mini-chamber mounted in a periphery forming at least part of said at least one combustion chamber of said engine, and where said discharging is into said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits;

g. an out flux of said at least one portion into an other of said at least one combustion chamber during said combustion occurring during said prior cycle, where said out flux is through discharging of said at least one portion from a mini-chamber of said engine to said other of said at least one combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits;

h. an out flux of said at least one portion into said combustion chamber after completion of said combustion occurring during said prior cycle, where said out flux is through discharging of said at least one portion from a mini-chamber of said engine to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits that together facilitates throttled flow between said combustion chamber and said mini-chamber during at least a percentage of said out flux; and

i. an out flux of said at least one portion into said combustion chamber after completion of said combustion occurring during said prior cycle, where said out flux is through discharging of said at least one portion from a mini-chamber of said engine to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits that together facilitates throttled flow between said mini-chamber and said combustion chamber during said out flux.

37. The process of claim 36, wherein timings and durations of said in flux involved in said regulating of said at least one portion is adjusted by setting at least one of the following:

a. position placement of said plurality of conduits relative to position placements of ignition-timing augmentation devices of said combustion chamber;

b. timing of a start of said ignition event of said combustion chamber during said prior cycle, where said start of said ignition event in said prior cycle is facilitated by an ignition-timing augmentation device associated with said combustion chamber;

c. timing of a start of said ignition event of said combustion chamber during said prior cycle, where said start of said ignition event in said prior cycle is facilitated by an ignition-timing augmentation device located within said combustion chamber;

d. timing of a start of an ignition event of said combustion chamber during said prior cycle, where said start of said ignition event in said prior cycle is facilitated by an ignition-timing augmentation device associated with said combustion chamber, and

e. timing of a start of an ignition event of said combustion chamber during said prior cycle, where said start of said ignition event in said prior cycle is facilitated by an ignition-timing augmentation device located within said combustion chamber.

38. The process of claim 36, wherein timings and durations of said flux included in said regulating of said at least one portion are adjusted by controlling at least one of the following:

a. timing of a start of said flux,

b. timing of a completion of said flux,

c. mass flow rate of said flux,

d. position placements of said plurality of conduits relative to position placements of ignition-timing augmentation devices of said combustion chamber;

e. timing of a start of an ignition event of said combustion chamber during said prior cycle, where said start of said ignition event is facilitated by an ignition-timing augmentation device;

f. timing of a start of said ignition event of said combustion chamber during said prior cycle, where said start of said ignition event is facilitated by an ignition-timing augmentation device;

g. timing of a start of said an ignition event in said combustion chamber during said prior cycle, where said timing of said start of said ignition event is facilitated via adjusting a presence of said radical ignition species in said combustion chamber during said prior cycle;

h. timing of a start of said ignition event in said combustion chamber during said prior cycle, where said timing of said start of said ignition event is facilitated via adjusting a presence of said radical ignition species in said combustion chamber during said prior cycle; and

i. timing of a start of burning in a secondary chamber that is different from said mini-chamber, where said secondary chamber is a control-active mini-chamber that is also connected to said combustion chamber, where said controlling of said timing is by a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as an initiation device for a flame front propagated burning within said secondary chamber during said prior cycle.

39. The process of claim 21, wherein at least part of said generating occurs within at least one of the following:

a. a control-active mini-chamber, wherein during an intake event of said prior cycle a means is employed to kindle and burn gases of said control-active mini-chamber;

b. a control-active mini-chamber, wherein during an intake event of said later cycle a means is employed to kindle and burn gases of said control-active mini-chamber to push at least some percentage of heretofore resident radical ignition species of said control-active mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one conduit while also engendering more of said generating within said control-active mini-chamber during said later cycle;

c. a control-active mini-chamber, wherein during an intake event of said later cycle a means is employed to kindle and burn fuel-rich gases of said control-active mini-chamber to push at least some percentage of heretofore resident radical ignition species of said control-active mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one conduit while engendering more of said generating within said control-active mini-chamber during said later cycle;

d. a control-active mini-chamber, wherein during a main-compression event of said prior cycle a means is employed to kindle and burn gases of said control-active mini-chamber;

e. a control-active mini-chamber, wherein during a main-compression event of said later cycle a means is employed to kindle and burn gases of said control-active mini-chamber to push at least some percentage of heretofore resident radical ignition species of said control-active mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one conduit while also engendering more of said generating within said control-active mini-chamber during said later cycle;

f. a control-active mini-chamber, wherein during a main-compression event of said later cycle a means is employed to kindle and burn fuel-rich gases of said control-active mini-chamber to push at least some percentage of heretofore resident radical ignition species of said control-active mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one conduit while engendering more of said generating within said control-active mini-chamber during said later cycle;

g. a mini-chamber connected to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits that together facilitate throttled flow between said combustion chamber and said mini-chamber;

h. a mini-chamber connected to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits that together facilitate throttled flow between said mini-chamber and said combustion chamber during said prior cycle;

i. a mini-chamber connected to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits that together facilitate throttled flow between said combustion chamber and said mini-chamber during said at least part of said generating;

j. a mini-chamber connected to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits that together facilitate throttled flow between said mini-chamber and said combustion chamber while said mini-chamber is performing said at least one part of said generating during said prior cycle;

k. a mini-chamber connected to said combustion chamber via at least one conduit;

l. a control-passive mini-chamber located in a periphery forming at least part of said combustion chamber and connected to said combustion chamber via a plurality of conduits;

m. said combustion chamber of said engine during said later cycle prior to start of said ignition;

n. said combustion chamber of said engine during said later cycle prior to completion of said ignition of said later cycle when said ignition is via a propagating flame front;

o. said combustion chamber of said engine during said ignition of said later cycle when said ignition is via said propagating flame front;

p. said combustion chamber of said engine during said prior cycle after a combustion event of said prior cycle;

q. said combustion chamber of said engine during said prior cycle during an ignition event of said prior cycle;

r. said combustion chamber of said engine during said prior cycle after completion of an ignition event of said prior cycle;

s. a volume within said combustion chamber during said prior cycle, said volume containing an unburned mixture of previous fuel and previous air of said prior cycle, and where said volume is located ahead of a path of a flame front as said flame front is propagating in said combustion chamber during an ignition event of said prior cycle occurring within said combustion chamber of said engine; and

t. a volume within said combustion chamber during said later cycle, said volume containing an unburned mixture of said air and said fuel of said later cycle, and where said volume is located ahead of a path of a flame front as said flame front is propagating in said combustion chamber during said ignition.

40. The process of claim 21, wherein said generating radical ignition species uses radical ignition species of said fuel and OH to impel hydrogen atom abstraction from molecules of said fuel by OH for decomposition of said fuel, and said generation starts in and continues from said prior cycle.

41. The process of claim 40, wherein said generating occurs during earlier periods and later periods, with said earlier periods of said generating occurring during said prior cycle and resulting in shares of said at least one portion, with said regulating including utilizing at least part of said shares for said generating of said later periods, and with said generating of said later periods resulting in additions to said at least one portion for at least partial inclusion within said at least some of said at least one portion in said later cycle, wherein said generating of said later periods is occurring within at least one of the following chambers of said cyclic engine during said later cycle:

a. a control-active mini-chamber, wherein during an intake event of said later cycle means are employed to kindle and burn gases of said control-active mini-chamber for said generating of said later periods resulting in said additions to said at least one portion, and also to a discharge of said radical ignition species resident within said control-active mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one connecting conduit;

b. a control-active mini-chamber, wherein during an intake event of said later cycle means are employed to kindle and burn gases of said control-active mini-chamber for said generating of said later periods resulting in said additions to said at least one portion, and also to a discharge of said radical ignition species heretofore resident within said control-active mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one connecting conduit;

c. a control-active mini-chamber, wherein during an intake event of said later cycle means are employed to kindle and burn fuel-rich gases of said control-active mini-chamber for said generating of said later periods resulting in said additions to said at least one portion, and also to a discharge of said radical ignition species resident within said control-active mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one connecting conduit;

d. a control-active mini-chamber, wherein during a main-compression event of said later cycle means are employed to kindle and burn gases of said control-active mini-chamber for said generating of said later periods resulting in said additions to said at least one portion, and also to a discharge of said radical ignition species resident within said control-active mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one connecting conduit;

e. a control-active mini-chamber, wherein during a main-compression event of said later cycle means are employed to kindle and burn gases of said control-active mini-chamber for said generating of said later periods resulting in said additions to said at least one portion, and also to a discharge of said radical ignition species heretofore resident within said control-active mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one connecting conduit;

f. a control-active mini-chamber, wherein during a main-compression event of said later cycle means are employed to kindle and burn fuel-rich gases of said control-active mini-chamber for said generating of said later periods resulting in said additions, and to also a discharge of said radical ignition species resident within said control-active mini-chamber out into said combustion chamber via at least one connecting conduit;

g. said combustion chamber, during a main-compression event of said later cycle;

h. said combustion chamber, during said ignition of said later cycle; and

i. said combustion chamber, during an early period within an expansion event of said later cycle.

42. The process of claim 41, where at least some part of said radical ignition species resident within said control-active mini-chamber are from said generating occurring in said prior cycle.

43. The process of claim 21, where said engine contains at least one control-passive mini-chamber and where additionally:

some amount of said generating in said prior cycle is occurring inside volumes within said combustion chamber positioned ahead of a path of a propagating flame front during an ignition event of said combustion chamber in said prior cycle, where unburned masses of said air and said fuel are located within said volumes, and where said some amount of said generating occurring within said volumes is resulting in unburned masses generated quantities of said radical ignition species;

said regulating includes transferring partials of said unburned masses generated quantities of said radical ignition species into said at least one control-passive mini-chamber via conduits during said generating of said unburned masses generated quantities;

said partials are being transferred from said volumes ahead of said path of said flame front as said flame front is propagating; and

thereby said partials are being re-located to within said at least one control-passive mini-chamber during said prior cycle for facilitating further of said generating radical ignition species therein and thereafter.

44. The process of claim 43, where said regulating by said transferring partials of said unburned masses generated quantities of said radical ignition species into said at least one control-passive mini-chamber is further controlled by adjusting timings of a start of said ignition event of said combustion chamber in said prior cycle by an ignition-timing augmentation device.

45. The process of claim 43, where said engine additionally contains at least one control-active mini-chamber connected to said combustion chamber via conduits and where said control-active mini-chamber is configured with a plurality of species generation-control augmentation devices.

46. The process of claim 45, wherein said plurality of species generation-control augmentation devices are accomplishing at least one of the following functions:

a. adding quantities oxygen to said control-active mini-chamber;

b. adding controlled quantities oxygen to said control-active mini-chamber;

c. adding quantities said fuel to said control-active mini-chamber;

d. adding controlled quantities said fuel to said control-active mini-chamber;

e. adding quantities of said radical ignition species to said control-active mini-chamber;

f. controlling additions of said radical ignition species to said control-active mini-chamber;

g. adding controlled quantities said OH to said control-active mini-chamber;

h. controlling additions of quantities of the OH to said control-active mini-chamber

i. adding quantities of heat to said control-active mini-chamber;

j. adding controlled quantities of heat to said control-active mini-chamber;

k. adding quantities of heat to said control-active mini-chamber using a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as an ignition initiation device;

l. controlling start of combustion timings in said control-active mini-chamber using a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as an ignition initiation device for a flame front propagated burning therein;

m. adding quantities of heat to said control-active mini-chamber using a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as a spark initiation device;

n. controlling start of combustion timings in said control-active mini-chamber using a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as a spark initiation device for a flame front propagated burning therein;

o. adding controlled quantities of heat to said control-active mini-chamber using a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as a laser discharge device;

p. controlling start of combustion timings in said control-active mini-chamber using a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as a laser discharge device for a flame front propagated burning therein;

q. adding quantities of heat using a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as a plasma generating device; and

r. controlling start of combustion timings in said control-active mini-chamber using a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as a plasma generating device for a flame front propagated burning therein.

47. The process of claim 45, wherein said plurality of species generation-control augmentation devices are accomplishing the following:

a. adding quantities of said air to said control-active mini-chamber,

b. add quantities of said fuel to said control-active mini-chamber, and

c. add quantities of heat using a mini-chamber RI-species generation-control augmentation device serving as serving as an initiation means for a timed flame front propagated burning of said air and said fuel within said control-active mini-chamber,

whereby also a resultant quantity of said radical ignition species, consequence of said generating occurring due to said timed flame front propagated burning within said control-active mini-chamber, are subsequently transfer out into said combustion chamber via an out flux discharge through said conduits.

48. The process of claim 47, where said regulating by said transferring partials of said unburned masses generated quantities into said control-passive mini-chambers is further controlled by adjusting timings of a start of an ignition event of said combustion chamber in said prior cycle by an ignition-timing augmentation device.

49. The process of claim 47, where said timed flame front propagated burning occurs within said control-active mini-chamber during said later cycle for said modulating of said ignition during said later cycle.

50. The process of claim 49, wherein in addition to said quantities of said air and said quantities of said fuel, there are at the same time also quantities of said radical ignition species heretofore resident in said control-active mini-chamber from said prior cycle.

51. The process of claim 47, where said timed flame front propagated burning occurs within said control-active mini-chamber during said prior cycle.

52. The process of claim 51, wherein in addition to said quantities of said air and said quantities of said fuel, there are at the same time also quantities of said radical ignition species heretofore resident in said control-active mini-chamber from an equivalent combustion cycle to said later cycle but occurring before said prior cycle.

53. The process of claim 43, where said process additionally includes use of recycled exhaust gases.

54. The process of claim 43, where said process additionally includes use of boost pressure.

55. The process of claim 21 utilizing both control-active and control-passive mini-chambers during said prior cycle,

wherefore said engine contains at least one control-active mini-chamber having a plurality of species generation-control augmentation devices for utilization by said at least one control-active mini-chamber for both providing therein and igniting therein quantities of said air and said fuel for facilitating one part of said generating radical ignition species, where said one part of said generating is occurring in said at least one control-active mini-chamber during said prior cycle for transfer by conduits into said combustion chamber during said prior cycle for use in a combustion event therein during said prior cycle, and

wherefore also, as a part of said regulating of said at least one portion, said cyclic engine contains at least one control-passive mini-chamber connected to said combustion chamber via conduits, where for affecting said later cycle, said part of said regulating includes receiving within said at least one control-passive mini-chamber an influx by transfer during said prior cycle and sometime after said facilitating of said one part of said generating, and where included in said influx is at least one of the following:

percentages of said radical ignition species from an other part of said generating where said other part is occurring in said combustion chamber within an ignition event of said prior cycle;

fractions of OH created during a combustion event started by an ignition event in said combustion chamber during said prior cycle;

quantities of combustion gases created during a combustion event started by an ignition event in said combustion chamber during said prior cycle; and

partials of said radical ignition species from said one part of said generating in said at least one control-active mini-chamber.

56. The process of claim 55, where in addition to said quantities of said air and said fuel, prior to and for helping said facilitating of said one part of said generating, there are at the same time also quantities of said radical ignition species located within said at least one control-active mini-chamber, where said quantities of said radical ignition species are heretofore resident from an equivalent combustion cycle to said later cycle but occurring before said prior cycle in said cyclic internal combustion engine.