System and method of loading virtual machines

• US 9,639,340 B2
• Filed: 07/24/2014
• Issued: 05/02/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 07/24/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Google LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Google Inc. (Alphabet Inc.)
• Inventors: Araujo, Nelson
• Primary Examiner(s): Bullock, Jr., Lewis A
• Assistant Examiner(s): DASCOMB, JACOB D
• Application Number:
  US14/339,952
• Publication Number:
  US 20160026485A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,013 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2009/45562 Creating, deleting, cloning virtual machine instances
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2009/45575 Starting, stopping, suspending or resuming virtual machine instances
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/63 Image based installation; Cloning; Build to order
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/4406 Loading of operating system
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/445 Program loading or initiating bootstrapping G06F9/4401; security arrangements for program loading or initiating G06F21/57
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/45533 Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/45558 Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects

Abstract

A system and method is provided of swapping a first virtual machine with a second virtual machine by modifying those portions of memory where the two machines differ. The differences may be determined by booting both the first and the second virtual machines and generating a difference file based on the differences in the memory occupied by the booted virtual machines.

Claims

1. A method comprising;

booting a first virtual machine wherein at least a first portion of the processes and data resulting from booting an operating system of the first virtual machine are stored in a first host RAM by storing a first set of values at a first set of physical addresses of the first host RAM occupied by the first portion;

booting a second virtual machine wherein at least a second portion of the processes and data resulting from booting an operating system of the second virtual machine are stored in a second host RAM by storing a second set of values at a second set of physical addresses of the second host RAM occupied by the second portion, the second virtual machine being different from the first virtual machine;

booting a third virtual machine wherein at least a third portion of the processes and data resulting from booting an operating system of the third virtual machine are stored in a third host RAM by storing a third set of values at a third set of physical addresses of the third host RAM occupied by the third portion, the third virtual machine being different from the first and second virtual machines, wherein a subset of the first second and third set of values are different,

generating a first set of differences comprising a set of values corresponding to the differences between the first set of values at the first set of physical addresses and the second set of values at the second set of physical addresses;

generating a second set of differences comprising a set of addresses and values corresponding to the differences between the second set of values at the second set of physical addresses and the third set of values at the third set of physical addresses;

receiving a request for access to a new virtual machine that is functionally equivalent to the third virtual machine;

copying the first set of values to a fourth set of physical addresses of a fourth host RAM; and

responsive to the request, performing the steps of;

1) identifying the first and second set of differences,

2) modifying the set of values in the fourth host RAM in accordance with the first set of difference,

4) modifying the set of values in the fourth host RAM in accordance with the second set of differences, and

5)providing access to the new virtual machine by providing access to the values stored in the fourth host RAM.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first, second and third host RAM, and the fourth memory, are the same memory in the same computing device.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the first host RAM, second host RAM, third host RAM and fourth memory are different memories in different computing devices.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the first set of differences is one of a plurality of sets of differences between sets of values at sets of physical addresses, the method further comprising:

receiving a request for access to the second virtual machine, and

before modifying the the copied first set of values, identifying the first set of differences from among the plurality of sets of differences based on the identity of a virtual machine image loaded in the fourth memory when the request is received.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the first and second virtual machines have the same operating system.

6. A system comprising:

one or more processors; and

memory storing data and instructions, the instructions executable by the processor,

wherein the data comprises;

a first image capturing a first set of values stored at a first set of physical addresses of a first host RAM that are occupied by at least a portion of the processes and data resulting from at least beginning the process of booting a first virtual machine having a first operating system; and

wherein the instructions comprise, in response to a request for a new virtual machine having an associated operating system, the operations of;

identifying a first difference file and modifying the first image in accordance with the first difference file;

identifying a second difference file and modifying the modified first image in accordance with the second difference file,

wherein the first difference the identifies the differences between the first image and a second image capturing a second set of values at a second set of physical addresses of a second host RAM of a second virtual machine having a second operating system that has at least begun the process of virtually booting, the second virtual machine being different from the first virtual machine,

wherein the second difference file identifies the differences between the second image and a third image capturing a third set of values at a third set of physical addresses of a third host RAM of a third virtual machine having a third operating system that has at least begun the process of virtually booting, the third virtual machine being different from the first and second virtual machines,

wherein a subset of the first, second, and third set of values are different;

copying the first set of values to a fourth set of physical addresses of a fourth host RAM;

modifying the set of values in the fourth host RAM in accordance with the first set of difference;

modifying the set of values in the fourth host RAM in accordance with the second set of differences; and

providing access to the new virtual machine by providing access to the values stored in the fourth host RAM.

7. The system of claim 6 wherein the first image captures a first virtual machine having a first operating system that has completed booting and has loaded an application.

8. The system of claim 6 wherein the first operating system and second operating system are the same operating system, and wherein the first image captures the image of an application that the second image does not capture.

9. The system of claim 6 wherein the first operating system and second operating system are different versions of the same operating system.

10. The system of claim 6 wherein the request is received over a network from an end user and the instructions further comprise permitting the end user to operate the third virtual machine.

11. The system of claim 6 wherein booting a virtual machine comprises booting a virtual operating system.

12. The system of claim 11 wherein the first image captures the first set of values stored at the first set of physical addresses of the first host RAM that are occupied by at least a portion of the processes and data before the operating system of the first virtual machine has finished booting.

13. The system of claim 6 wherein the instructions further comprise identifying the first, second and third images for storing based on the frequency that the first, second and third virtual machines, respectively, are requested.

14. The system of claim 6 wherein the instructions further comprise identifying the second images for storing based on the frequency that the second virtual machine has been loaded into a memory occupied by the first virtual machine.