Bio-surveillance system

• US 9,642,562 B2
• Filed: 08/19/2003
• Issued: 05/09/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 08/19/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Stout Solutions LLC
• Original Assignee: Stout Solutions LLC
• Inventors: Stout, Todd
• Primary Examiner(s): Thomson, William
• Assistant Examiner(s): SORIANO, BOBBY GILES
• Application Number:
  US10/524,918
• Publication Number:
  US 20060152372A1
• Time in Patent Office: 5,012 Days
• Field of Search: 600300-301, 128920-925, 128898-899, 705 2- 4, 702 19
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0002 Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network A61B5/07 takes precedence; transmission systems for measured values G08C; transmission H04B; transmission of digital information H04L; wireless communication networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1112 Global tracking of patients, e.g. by using GPS
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 21/10 responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 31/00 Predictive alarm systems characterised by extrapolation or other computation using updated historic data
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/80 for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics, e.g. flu

Abstract

A bio-surveillance system monitors symptoms or groups of symptoms experienced by people in a geographical area. The system tracks symptoms reported by calls to an emergency service dispatcher. The bio-surveillance system monitors the symptoms and associates the geographical location with the symptoms. Various triggers are programmed and stored in the system to look for certain types of threats. Each trigger is set based on a statistical variation of the historical data relating to the symptoms within a predetermined time in a predefined geographical area. When the reported symptoms exceed one of the triggers, an alert is activated to provide an indication of a potential biological or chemical terrorist attack.

Claims

1. A method of activating an alert upon an occurrence of one of a plurality of events and generating and updating a trigger, the method comprising the steps of:

generating a plurality of triggers based upon historical occurrences of at least one health symptom experienced by a plurality of patients, wherein the step of generating is performed by a main computer;

selecting a trigger from the plurality of triggers;

monitoring occurrences of the at least one health symptom within a time window;

comparing the occurrences of the at least one health symptom within the time window to the trigger, wherein the step of comparing the occurrences of the at least one health symptom is performed by the main computer;

activating an alert indicating an occurrence of an event when the occurrences of the at least one health symptom exceed the trigger;

updating the trigger at an update frequency, wherein the step of updating the trigger includes adding new occurrences to the historical occurrences and dropping old occurrences from the historical occurrences, the step of updating the trigger is performed by the main computer, the trigger is based upon criteria, and the criteria changes based on a date and a time and depends on the date and the time; and

changing the criteria used to determine the trigger and then recalculating the trigger based upon the changed criteria;

wherein the step of monitoring occurrences of the at least one health symptom within a time window comprises;

receiving, from a computing device of an emergency service dispatcher, data describing occurrences of the at least one health symptom within a time window and data describing, for each occurrence, a respective geographical location from which the occurrence was reported to the emergency services dispatcher; and

determining a geographic location of each of the occurrences of the at least one health symptom based on the data that describes the respective geographical locations, and associating the determined geographical locations with each of the at least one health symptom;

wherein the step of activating an alert indicating an occurrence of an event when the occurrences of the at least one health symptom exceed the trigger comprises;

determining whether one of the plurality of events has occurred based on the comparing, and further based on a proximity of the determined geographical locations; and

if the determining indicates that one of the events has occurred, activating the alert;

the method further comprising selectively excluding data from a given emergency services dispatcher call from the determination of weather one of the plurality of events has occurred based on a temperature of the geographical area from which the call originates.

2. The method as recited in claim 1 further including the step of receiving the occurrences of the at least one health symptom from an emergency services dispatcher, and the occurrences of the at least one health symptom entirely include information collected by the emergency services dispatcher.

3. The method as recited in claim 2 wherein the respective geographical locations are located in a first geographical area.

4. The method as recited in claim 3 further including the step of accumulating occurrences of the at least one health symptom in a second geographical area which includes the first geographical area and which is larger than the first geographical area.

5. The method as recited in claim 3 wherein information about the at least one health symptom is provided at a variable time.

6. The method as recited in claim 1 further including the steps of receiving a geographic location of each of the occurrences of the at least one health symptom and associating the geographical location with each of the occurrences of the at least one health symptom.

7. The method as recited in claim 6 further including the step of displaying the geographical location of each of the occurrences of the at least one health symptom on a display.

8. The method as recited in claim 1 further including the step of adjusting a first trigger to generate a new trigger and then comparing the new trigger to the occurrences.

9. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the trigger is a statistical variation of historical values of the occurrences of the at least one health symptom.

10. The method as recited in claim 1 further including the step of weighting the at least one health symptom relative to one another.

11. The method as recited in claim 1 further including the step of calculating the trigger prior to the step of comparing the occurrences of the at least one health symptom to the trigger.

12. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the at least one health symptom includes headache, fever, fainting, clammy, unconscious, bleeding, vomiting and nausea.

13. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the plurality of events includes at least one of a biological attack and a chemical attack.

14. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the at least one health symptom includes a plurality of symptoms, and the criteria for the trigger includes the plurality of symptoms, the step of changing the criteria including the step of adding a symptom to or deleting a symptom from the at least one health symptom.

15. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the criteria for the trigger includes the plurality of symptoms and a statistical relationship to the historical occurrences, and the step of changing the criteria includes the step of changing the statistical relationship to the historical occurrences.

16. The method of claim 1 further including the step of adjusting a sensitivity of the trigger.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein the step of adjusting the sensitivity of the trigger is based on a national threat level.

18. The method of claim 1 further including the steps of contacting an emergency services dispatcher to report the at least one health symptom and then inputting the at least one health symptom into a dispatcher computer.

19. The method of claim 1 wherein the occurrences of the at least one symptom are collected from information obtained from phone calls to an emergency services dispatcher.

20. The method of claim 19 wherein the alert is activated when there is a predetermined number of the phone calls relating to the at least one symptom within a radius of a location.

21. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining of whether one of the plurality of events has occurred is further based on a rate of change of how frequently the symptoms are occurring.