Electroactive material
First Claim
1. A composition comprising a plurality of electroactive elongate elements and a plurality of electroactive particles, the elongate elements and particles each comprising a metal or semi-metal selected from one or more of the group consisting of silicon, tin, and germanium or mixtures thereof, characterized in thata. the elongate elements are selected from one or more of the group consisting of fibers, tubes, ribbons and flakes andb. the particles are selected from one or more of the group consisting of pillared particles, porous particles and porous particle fragments;
- andwherein the composition has a density in the range 0.3 g/cm3 to 0.9 g/cm3 and wherein the diameter of said plurality of particles is between the diameter of the elongate elements and three times the diameter of the elongate elements.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A composition for use in a lithium ion battery includes a plurality of elongate elements and a plurality of particles. The elongate elements and particles each include a metal or semi-metal selected from one or more of the group including silicon, tin, germanium, aluminum or mixtures thereof. The composition may include additional ingredients such as a binder, a conductive material and a further electro-active material, such as graphite. The compositions can be used for the fabrication of electrodes, preferably anodes in the manufacture of lithium ion batteries and optionally batteries based on magnesium ions or sodium ions. The composition is able to intercalate and release lithium during the charging and discharging cycles respectively of a battery into which it has been incorporated. Methods of fabricating the composition and electrodes including the composition are included as well as electrodes thus prepared and devices including such electrodes.
188 Citations
22 Claims
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1. A composition comprising a plurality of electroactive elongate elements and a plurality of electroactive particles, the elongate elements and particles each comprising a metal or semi-metal selected from one or more of the group consisting of silicon, tin, and germanium or mixtures thereof, characterized in that
a. the elongate elements are selected from one or more of the group consisting of fibers, tubes, ribbons and flakes and b. the particles are selected from one or more of the group consisting of pillared particles, porous particles and porous particle fragments; - and
wherein the composition has a density in the range 0.3 g/cm3 to 0.9 g/cm3 and wherein the diameter of said plurality of particles is between the diameter of the elongate elements and three times the diameter of the elongate elements. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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2. A composition comprising a plurality of electroactive elongate elements and a plurality of electroactive particles, the elongate elements and particles each comprising a metal or semi-metal selected from one or more of the group consisting of silicon, tin and germanium or mixtures thereof, characterized in that
a. the elongate elements comprise pillars which extend outward from a particle core; - and
b. the particles are selected from one or more of the group consisting of porous particles, porous particle fragments and particles with an average diameter of 80 nm to 15 μ
m;
wherein the composition has a density in the range 0.3 g/cm3 to 0.9 g/cm3 andwherein the diameter of said plurality of particles is between the diameter of the elongate elements and three times the diameter of the elongate elements. - View Dependent Claims (9, 15, 16, 17, 18)
b. a plurality of metal or semi-metal comprising electroactive particles selected from one or more of the group consisting of porous particles, porous particle fragments and particles with an average diameter of 80 nm to 15 μ
m.
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15. The method of claim 9 additionally comprising the step of combining the elongate elements and particles according to paragraphs (a) and (b) with a binder or with one or more components selected from the group consisting of a conductive material, a viscosity adjuster, a filler, a cross-linking accelerator, a coupling agent and an adhesive accelerator.
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16. The method of claim 9 additionally comprising the step of combining the elongate elements and particles according to paragraphs (a) and (b) with a binder or with one or more components selected from the group consisting of a conductive material, a viscosity adjuster, a filler, a cross-linking accelerator, a coupling agent and an adhesive accelerator.
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17. The method of claim 9 wherein the particles according to paragraphs (a) and (b) comprise silicon.
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18. The method of claim 9 wherein the particles according to paragraphs (a) and (b) comprise silicon.
Specification