Nanoparticle compositions and additive packages

• US 9,650,589 B2
• Filed: 09/03/2015
• Issued: 05/16/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 01/12/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: P&S Global Holdings, LLC
• Original Assignee: The Board of Trustees of the University of Arkansas (University of Arkansas System)
• Inventors: Malshe, Ajay P.
• Primary Examiner(s): HINES, LATOSHA D
• Application Number:
  US14/844,797
• Publication Number:
  US 20160046886A1
• Time in Patent Office: 621 Days
• Field of Search: 508155, 508167
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 3/007 After-treatment
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/61 inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 125/22 Compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 169/04 Mixtures of base-materials and additives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 169/042 the additives being compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 171/06 Particles of special shape or size
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 177/00 Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/04 Elements
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/041 Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/042 halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/06 Metal compounds of chromium C10M2201/086
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/061 Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/062 Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/065 Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/066 Molybdenum sulfide
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/0663 used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/081 containing halogen
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/082 containing nitrogen nitrides C10M2201/061
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/084 containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium sulfides, tellurides, selenides C10M2201/065
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/087 Boron oxides, acids or salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/103 : Clays; Mica; Zeolites
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/0206 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/1006 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/1025 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/163 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/0406 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/1285 : used as thickening agents
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/2815 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/2835 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/2895 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/401 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2213/046 : used as thickening agents
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2213/062 : Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/0813 : used as thickening agents
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/10 : Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin, cephalin
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/103 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2229/025 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/04 : Groups 2 or 12
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/06 : Groups 3 or 13
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/08 : Groups 4 or 14
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/14 : Group 7
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2020/06 : Particles of special shape or size
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2030/06 : Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2030/56 : Boundary lubrication or thin film lubrication
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2050/023 : Multi-layer lubricant coatings
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2050/10 : Semi-solids; greasy
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2070/00 : Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2982 : Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]

Abstract

Additive packages including multifunctional additive molecules are disclosed, including, for example, organic medium intercalated with lubricant nanoparticles. The additive package may be greaseless or may be added to materials such as base oils or greases, greaseless materials, or anti-corrosives, for example. The additive package added to materials may form a coating or lubricant that may be added to a surface of an object.

Claims

1. An additive package comprising a multifunctional additive macromolecule comprising:

a plurality of lubricant nanoparticles having an open-ended architecture; and

an organic medium intercalated in the nanoparticles; and

wherein at least a portion of the nanoparticles have an average particle dimension of less than or equal to about 500 nm.

2. The additive package of claim 1, wherein the nanoparticles comprise one or more of a layered material, molybdenum disulphide, tungsten disulphide, graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene, boron nitride, hexagonal boron nitride, a soft metal, silver, lead, nickel, copper, cerium fluoride, zinc oxide, silver sulfate, cadmium iodide, lead iodide, barium fluoride, tin sulfide, zinc phosphate, zinc sulfide, mica, boron nitrate, borax, fluorinated carbon, zinc phosphide, and boron.

3. The additive package of claim 1, wherein the organic medium comprises one or more of an oil medium, a grease medium, an alcohol medium, a composite oil, a canola oil, a vegetable oil, a soybean oil, a corn oil, an ethyl and methyl ester of rapeseed oil, a distilled monoglyceride, a monoglyceride, a diglyceride, an acetic acid ester of monoglyceride, an organic acid ester of monoglyceride, a sorbitan, a sorbitan ester of fatty acid, a propylene glycol ester of fatty acid, a polyglycerol ester of fatty acid, a hydrocarbon oil, a n-hexadecane, and a phospholipid.

4. The additive package of claim 1, wherein the additive package is added to at least one material.

5. The additive package of claim 4, wherein the at least one material is a base comprising one or more of an oil, a grease, a plastic, a gel, a spray, a hydrocarbon oil, a vegetable oil, a corn oil, a peanut oil, a canola oil, a soybean oil, a mineral oil, a paraffin oil, a synthetic oil, a petroleum gel, a petroleum grease, a hydrocarbon gel, a hydrocarbon grease, a lithium based grease, a fluoroether based grease, an ethylenebistearamide, a wax, and a silicone.

6. The additive package of claim 4, wherein the at least one material comprises a greaseless material.

7. The additive package of claim 4, wherein the at least one material comprises an emulsifier, wherein the emulsifier comprises one or more of a lecithin, a phospholipid, a soy lecithin, a detergent, a distilled monoglyceride, a monoglyceride, a diglyceride, an acetic acid ester of monoglyceride, an organic acid ester of monoglyceride, a sorbitan ester of fatty acid, a propylene glycol ester of fatty acid, a polyglycerol ester of fatty acid, a compound containing phosphorous, a compound containing sulfur, and a compound containing nitrogen.

8. The additive package of claim 4, wherein the at least one material comprises an antioxidant.

9. The additive package of claim 8, wherein the antioxidant comprises one or more of a hindered phenol, an alkylated phenol, an alkyl amine, an aryl amine, a 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, a 4,4′

-di-tert-octyldiphenylamine, a tert-butyl hydroquinone, a tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate, a phosphite, and a thioester.

10. The additive package of claim 4, wherein the at least one material comprises a corrosion inhibitor material.

11. The additive package of claim 10, wherein the corrosion inhibitor material comprises one or more of an alkaline-earth metal bisalkylphenolsulphonate, a dithiophosphate, and an alkenylsuccinic acid half-amide.

12. The additive package of claim 1, wherein the organic medium comprises a greaseless material.

13. The additive package of claim 1, wherein the additive package is greaseless.

14. The additive package of claim 1, wherein the additive package is added to the at least one material in order to form a lubricant or a coating;

and wherein the lubricant or the coating is in contact with at least a portion of a surface of an object.

15. A method comprising:

adding an additive package to at least one material, the additive package comprising a multifunctional additive macromolecule comprising;

a plurality of lubricant nanoparticles having an open-ended architecture; and

an organic medium intercalated in the nanoparticles; and

wherein at least a portion of the nanoparticles have an average particle dimension of less than or equal to about 500 nm.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the nanoparticles comprise one or more of a layered material, molybdenum disulphide, tungsten disulphide, graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene, boron nitride, hexagonal boron nitride, a soft metal, silver, lead, nickel, copper, cerium fluoride, zinc oxide, silver sulfate, cadmium iodide, lead iodide, barium fluoride, tin sulfide, zinc phosphate, zinc sulfide, mica, boron nitrate, borax, fluorinated carbon, zinc phosphide, and boron.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the organic medium comprises one or more of an oil medium, a grease medium, an alcohol medium, a composite oil, a canola oil, a vegetable oil, a soybean oil, a corn oil, an ethyl and methyl ester of rapeseed oil, a distilled monoglyceride, a monoglyceride, a diglyceride, an acetic acid ester of monoglyceride, an organic acid ester of monoglyceride, a sorbitan, a sorbitan ester of fatty acid, a propylene glycol ester of fatty acid, a polyglycerol ester of fatty acid, a hydrocarbon oil, a n-hexadecane, and a phospholipid.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one material is a base comprising one or more of an oil, a grease, a plastic, a gel, a spray, a hydrocarbon oil, a vegetable oil, a corn oil, a peanut oil, a canola oil, a soybean oil, a mineral oil, a paraffin oil, a synthetic oil, a petroleum gel, a petroleum grease, a hydrocarbon gel, a hydrocarbon grease, a lithium based grease, a fluoroether based grease, an ethylenebistearamide, a wax, and a silicone.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one material comprises a greaseless material.

20. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one material comprises an emulsifier or a dispersant.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the at least on material comprises the emulsifier, and wherein the emulsifier comprises one or more of a lecithin, a phospholipid, a soy lecithin, a detergent, a distilled monoglyceride, a monoglyceride, a diglyceride, an acetic acid ester of monoglyceride, an organic acid ester of monoglyceride, a sorbitan ester of fatty acid, a propylene glycol ester of fatty acid, a polyglycerol ester of fatty acid, a compound containing phosphorous, a compound containing sulfur, and a compound containing nitrogen.

22. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one material comprises an antioxidant.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the antioxidant comprises one or more of a hindered phenol, an alkylated phenol, an alkyl amine, an aryl amine, a 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, a 4,4′

-di-tert-octyldiphenylamine, a tert-butyl hydroquinone, a tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate, a phosphite, and a thioester.

24. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one material comprises a corrosion inhibitor material.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the corrosion inhibitor material comprises one or more of an alkaline-earth metal bisalkylphenolsulphonate, a dithiophosphate, and an alkenylsuccinic acid half-amide.

26. The method of claim 15, wherein the organic medium comprises a greaseless material.

27. The method of claim 15, wherein the additive package is greaseless.

28. The method of claim 15, wherein adding the additive package to the at least one material forms a coating, and wherein the method further comprises adding the coating to at least a portion of a surface of an object.

29. The method of claim 15, wherein adding the additive package to the at least one material forms a lubricant, and wherein the method further comprises adding the lubricant to at least a portion of a surface of an object.

30. An additive package comprising:

a lubricant nanoparticle having an open-ended architecture; and

an organic medium intercalated in the nanoparticle; and

wherein the nanoparticle has a particle dimension of less than or equal to about 500 nm.