Wireless resonant electric field power transfer system and method using high Q-factor coils
First Claim
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1. A wireless electric field power transmission system for powering a load, the system comprising:
- a transmitter including a transmitter antenna and a single high quality factor (Q-factor) coil separate from the transmitter antenna, the transmitter antenna including at least two elongate conductive plates defining a volume, the at least two elongate conductive plates configured to resonate with the coil to generate a resonant reactive near electric field in the volume, wherein each plate of the transmitter antenna has the shape of a rectangle having one inner short side, one outer short side, one inner long side and one outer long side, and wherein the at least two elongate conductive plates of the transmitter antenna are approximately parallel along either their outer long sides or their inner long sides; and
at least one receiver electrically connectable to the load including a receiver antenna including at least two elongate conductive plates, wherein each plate of the receiver antenna has the shape of a rectangle having one inner short side, one outer short side, one inner long side and one outer long side, wherein the at least two elongate conductive plates of the receiver antenna are approximately parallel along either their outer long sides or their inner long sides, wherein the transmitter antenna is configured to transfer power wirelessly to the at least one receiver via a resonant reactive near electric field coupling when the at least one receiver is within the volume, and wherein a length of each of the at least two elongate conductive plates of the transmitter antenna and a frequency of the system are selected such that a majority of power transferred to the at least one receiver is from an electric field component of an electromagnetic field as in a capacitive coupling wireless power transfer scheme.
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Abstract
A wireless electric field power transmission system comprises: a transmitter comprising a transmitter antenna, the transmitter antenna comprising at least two conductors defining a volume therebetween; and at least one receiver, wherein the transmitter antenna transfers power wirelessly via electric field coupling when the at least one receiver is within the volume.
99 Citations
50 Claims
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1. A wireless electric field power transmission system for powering a load, the system comprising:
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a transmitter including a transmitter antenna and a single high quality factor (Q-factor) coil separate from the transmitter antenna, the transmitter antenna including at least two elongate conductive plates defining a volume, the at least two elongate conductive plates configured to resonate with the coil to generate a resonant reactive near electric field in the volume, wherein each plate of the transmitter antenna has the shape of a rectangle having one inner short side, one outer short side, one inner long side and one outer long side, and wherein the at least two elongate conductive plates of the transmitter antenna are approximately parallel along either their outer long sides or their inner long sides; and at least one receiver electrically connectable to the load including a receiver antenna including at least two elongate conductive plates, wherein each plate of the receiver antenna has the shape of a rectangle having one inner short side, one outer short side, one inner long side and one outer long side, wherein the at least two elongate conductive plates of the receiver antenna are approximately parallel along either their outer long sides or their inner long sides, wherein the transmitter antenna is configured to transfer power wirelessly to the at least one receiver via a resonant reactive near electric field coupling when the at least one receiver is within the volume, and wherein a length of each of the at least two elongate conductive plates of the transmitter antenna and a frequency of the system are selected such that a majority of power transferred to the at least one receiver is from an electric field component of an electromagnetic field as in a capacitive coupling wireless power transfer scheme. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3)
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4. A method for wirelessly transmitting power, the method comprising:
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providing a transmitter antenna and a single high quality factor (Q-factor) coil separate from the transmitter antenna, the transmitter antenna including at least two elongate conductive plates defining a volume, wherein each plate of the transmitter antenna has the shape of a rectangle having one inner short side, one outer short side, one inner long side and one outer long side, and wherein the at least two elongate conductive plates of the transmitter antenna are approximately parallel along either their outer long sides or their inner long sides; resonating the coil and the at least two elongate conductive plates at a transmitter resonant frequency; generating, via high Q-factor resonance, a resonant reactive near electric field in the volume; positioning a receiver antenna including at least two receiver elongate conductive plates in the volume, wherein each plate of the receiver antenna has the shape of a rectangle having one inner short side, one outer short side, one inner long side and one outer long side, and wherein the at least two receiver elongate conductive plates are approximately parallel along either their outer long sides or their inner long sides; and resonating the receiver antenna at the transmitter resonant frequency and thereby transferring power from the transmitter antenna to the receiver antenna for powering a load, wherein a length of each of the at least two elongate conductive plates of the transmitter antenna and the transmitter resonant frequency are selected such that a majority of power received by the receiver antenna is from an electric field component of an electromagnetic field as in a capacitive coupling wireless power transfer scheme. - View Dependent Claims (5)
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6. A method for wirelessly transferring power, the method comprising:
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providing a transmitter antenna and a single high quality factor (Q-factor) coil separate from the transmitter antenna, the antenna including at least two elongate conductive plates defining a volume, wherein each plate of the transmitter antenna has the shape of a rectangle having one inner short side, one outer short side, one inner long side and one outer long side, and wherein the at least two elongate conductive plates of the transmitter antenna are approximately parallel along either their outer long sides or their inner long sides; resonating the at least two elongate conductive plates and the coil at a start-up frequency; tuning the conductive plates and the transmitter coil to their resonant frequency; generating a resonant reactive near electric field within a volume defined by the at least two elongate conductive plates; placing a receiver with a receiver antenna including at least two receiver elongate conductive plates in the volume, wherein each plate of the receiver antenna has the shape of a rectangle having one inner short side, one outer short side, one inner long side and one outer long side, and wherein the at least two receiver elongate conductive plates are approximately parallel along either their outer long sides or their inner long sides; accumulating a potential difference on the two receiver elongate conductive plates; resonating the receiver antenna at the resonant frequency; and gathering power for powering a load from the receiver antenna, wherein a length of each of the at least two elongate conductive plates of the transmitter antenna and the resonant frequency are selected such that a majority of power gathered by the receiver antenna is from an electric field component of an electromagnetic field as in a capacitive coupling wireless power transfer scheme. - View Dependent Claims (7)
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8. A transmitter for wirelessly transmitting power, the transmitter comprising:
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a transmitter antenna configured to create a resonant reactive near electric field, the antenna including at least two elongate conductive plates defining a volume, wherein each plate of the transmitter antenna has the shape of a rectangle having one inner short side, one outer short side, one inner long side and one outer long side, and wherein the at least two elongate conductive plates of the transmitter antenna are approximately parallel along either their outer long sides or their inner long sides; a single high quality factor (Q-factor) coil configured to be connected to the transmitter antenna, the coil being separate from the transmitter antenna; and a resonator configured to be connected to the coil for resonating the coil and the at least two elongate conductive plates at a resonant frequency to transfer power for powering a load via resonant reactive near electric field coupling to a receiver antenna including at least two elongate conductive plates, the resonator including an auto tuning circuit configured to automatically tune the transmitter, wherein each plate of the receiver antenna has the shape of a rectangle having one inner short side, one outer short side, one inner long side and one outer long side, wherein the at least two elongate conductive plates of the receiver antenna are approximately parallel along either their outer long sides or their inner long sides, and wherein a length of each of the at least two elongate conductive plates and the resonant frequency are selected such that a majority of power transferred to the receiver antenna is from an electric field component of an electromagnetic field as in a capacitive coupling wireless power transfer scheme. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 40)
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33. A receiver for receiving wirelessly transmitted power for powering a load, the receiver comprising:
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a receiver antenna including at least two elongate conductive plates, wherein each plate of the receiver antenna has the shape of a rectangle having one inner short side, one outer short side, one inner long side and one outer long side, and wherein the at least two elongate conductive plates of the receiver antenna are approximately parallel along either their outer long sides or their inner long sides; a single high quality factor (Q-factor) coil configured to be connected to the receiver antenna, the coil being separate from the receiver antenna; and a power harvester configured to be connected to the coil for resonating the coil and the at least two elongate conductive plates at a resonant frequency to extract power from a resonant reactive near electric field in a volume generated by a transmitter antenna including at least two elongate conductive plates, wherein each plate of the transmitter antenna has the shape of a rectangle having one inner short side, one outer short side, one inner long side and one outer long side, and wherein the at least two elongate conductive plates of the transmitter antenna are approximately parallel along either their outer long sides or their inner long sides, and wherein a length of each of the at least two elongate conductive plates of the transmitter antenna and the resonant frequency are selected such that a majority of power extracted by the power harvester is from an electric field component of an electromagnetic field as in a capacitive coupling wireless power transfer scheme. - View Dependent Claims (34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50)
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Specification