Systems for fluid analysis using electromagnetic energy that is reflected a number of times through a fluid contained within a reflective chamber
First Claim
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1. A sampling system, comprising:
- an elongated chamber structure to hold a fluid to be sampled, the elongated chamber structure having at least one wall that at least partially separates an interior of the chamber structure from an exterior thereof, the chamber structure having a first end and a second end, the second end opposite from the first end along a length of the chamber structure that extends along a principal axis of the chamber structure, at least a first portion of the elongated chamber structure reflective at least laterally across the interior of the chamber structure along at least a first portion of the length of the chamber structure;
a set of emitters positioned to emit electromagnetic energy into the interior of the chamber structure proximate the first end laterally across the interior of the chamber structure, and at an angle extending toward the second end from the first end;
at least one primary lateral sampling detector proximate the second end of the chamber structure and positioned laterally with respect to the principal axis of the chamber structure to detect electromagnetic energy from the interior of the chamber structure proximate the second end of the chamber structure;
at least one calibration detector proximate the first end of the chamber structure with respect to the at least one primary lateral sampling detector and spaced relatively toward the second end with respect to the set of emitters, the at least one calibration detector positioned laterally with respect to the principal axis of the chamber structure to detect electromagnetic energy from the interior of the chamber proximate the first end of the chamber structure; and
at least one primary axial sampling detector proximate the second end of the chamber structure and positioned axially along the principal axis of the chamber structure to detect electromagnetic energy from the interior of the chamber structure proximate the second end of the chamber structure.
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Abstract
Systems for analyzing fluids (e.g., gases) include a chamber structure with a reflective inner surface, emitters, a primary detector positioned to principally detect electromagnetic energy reflected numerous times through the gas(es) and a calibration detector positioned to detect electromagnetic energy not reflected numerous times through the gas(es). Calibration may be automatically performed. The primary detector relies principally on Raleigh scattering. An optional primary detector may be positioned to principally detect Raman scattered electromagnetic energy.
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Citations
18 Claims
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1. A sampling system, comprising:
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an elongated chamber structure to hold a fluid to be sampled, the elongated chamber structure having at least one wall that at least partially separates an interior of the chamber structure from an exterior thereof, the chamber structure having a first end and a second end, the second end opposite from the first end along a length of the chamber structure that extends along a principal axis of the chamber structure, at least a first portion of the elongated chamber structure reflective at least laterally across the interior of the chamber structure along at least a first portion of the length of the chamber structure; a set of emitters positioned to emit electromagnetic energy into the interior of the chamber structure proximate the first end laterally across the interior of the chamber structure, and at an angle extending toward the second end from the first end; at least one primary lateral sampling detector proximate the second end of the chamber structure and positioned laterally with respect to the principal axis of the chamber structure to detect electromagnetic energy from the interior of the chamber structure proximate the second end of the chamber structure; at least one calibration detector proximate the first end of the chamber structure with respect to the at least one primary lateral sampling detector and spaced relatively toward the second end with respect to the set of emitters, the at least one calibration detector positioned laterally with respect to the principal axis of the chamber structure to detect electromagnetic energy from the interior of the chamber proximate the first end of the chamber structure; and at least one primary axial sampling detector proximate the second end of the chamber structure and positioned axially along the principal axis of the chamber structure to detect electromagnetic energy from the interior of the chamber structure proximate the second end of the chamber structure. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A sampling system, comprising:
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an elongated chamber structure to hold a fluid to be sampled, the elongated chamber structure having at least one wall that at least partially separates an interior of the chamber structure from an exterior thereof, the chamber structure having a first end and a second end, the second end opposite from the first end along a length of the chamber structure, at least a first portion of the elongated chamber structure reflective at least laterally across the interior of the chamber structure along at least a first portion of the length of the chamber structure; a set of emitters positioned to emit electromagnetic energy into the interior of the chamber structure proximate the first end laterally across the interior of the chamber structure, and at an angle extending toward the second end from the first end; at least one primary lateral sampling detector positioned to detect electromagnetic energy from the interior of the chamber structure proximate the second end of the chamber structure and laterally with respect to the length of the chamber structure; at least one calibration detector positioned to detect electromagnetic energy from the interior of the chamber structure proximate the first end of the chamber structure and spaced relatively toward the second end with respect to the set of emitters; and at least one primary axial sampling detector positioned to detect electromagnetic energy from the interior of the chamber structure proximate the second end of the chamber structure, axially along the length of the chamber structure wherein the at least one primary lateral sampling detector includes at least one photodiode; wherein at least a second portion of the elongated chamber structure is non-reflective at least laterally across the interior of the chamber structure along at least a second portion of the length of the chamber structure immediately preceding the at least one primary axial sampling detector.
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Specification