Voltage regulator having enhancing linearity

• US 9,667,239 B2
• Filed: 06/02/2016
• Issued: 05/30/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 09/22/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
• Inventors: Nomiyama, Takahiro, Duong, Hoang Quoc, Han, Jae-Yeol, Keum, Dong-Jin
• Primary Examiner(s): TRA, ANH QUAN
• Application Number:
  US15/171,680
• Publication Number:
  US 20170085256A1
• Time in Patent Office: 362 Days
• Field of Search: 327530, 327538, 323273, 323280, 323282
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 1/575 characterised by the feedback circuit
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 5/147 Voltage reference generators, voltage or current regulators; Internally lowered supply levels; Compensation for voltage drops G11C5/141 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/0822 in field-effect transistor switches
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 19/0013 in field effect transistor circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 19/20 characterised by logic function, e.g. AND, OR, NOR, NOT circuits H03K19/003 - H03K19/01 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 2217/0027 Measuring means of, e.g. currents through or voltages across the switch
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 3/0377 Bistables with hysteresis, e.g. Schmitt trigger non-regenerative amplitude discriminators G01R19/165
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 5/24 the characteristic being amplitude

Abstract

A voltage regulator includes a high duty cycle detector, a feedback controller, a hysteretic comparator, and first and second drivers. The high duty cycle detector generates a high duty cycle signal based on a power supply voltage and a reference voltage. The feedback controller generates first and second feedback voltages based on the reference voltage, the high duty cycle signal and an output voltage of the voltage regulator. The hysteretic comparator compares the reference voltage and the first feedback voltage to generate a control signal. When the first feedback voltage is activated, the first driver drives an output node that provides the output voltage based on the control signal and the high duty cycle signal. When the second feedback voltage is activated, the second driver generates a third voltage proportional to the reference voltage based on the power supply voltage and the second feedback voltage, and drives the output node with the third voltage.

Claims

1. A voltage regulator comprising:

a high duty cycle detector configured to generate a high duty cycle signal based on a power supply voltage and a reference voltage;

a feedback controller configured to generate a first feedback voltage and a second feedback voltage based on the reference voltage, the high duty cycle signal, an output voltage of the voltage regulator and a first voltage;

a hysteretic comparator configured to compare the reference voltage and the first feedback voltage to generate a control signal;

a first driver configured to drive a node that provides the first voltage with the power supply voltage or a ground voltage based on the control signal and the high duty cycle signal, when the first feedback voltage is activated;

a low pass filter configured to filter the first voltage to generate a second voltage and configured to drive an output node that provides the output voltage with the second voltage; and

a second driver configured to generate a third voltage proportional to the reference voltage based on the power supply voltage and the second feedback voltage and configured to drive the output node with the third voltage, when the second feedback voltage is activated.

2. The voltage regulator of claim 1, wherein a logic level of the high duty cycle signal provides indication of whether a duty cycle of the control signal is higher than a reference value, and a slope of the output voltage with respect to the reference voltage when the first feedback voltage is activated is equal to a slope of the output voltage with respect to the reference voltage when the second feedback voltage is activated.

3. The voltage regulator of claim 1, wherein the first feedback voltage is activated when the first feedback voltage is equal to or lower than a sum of the reference voltage and a hysteretic voltage of the hysteretic comparator, and the first feedback voltage is deactivated when the first feedback voltage is higher than the sum of the reference voltage and the hysteretic voltage, and

wherein the second feedback voltage is activated when the second feedback voltage is lower than the power supply voltage, and the second feedback voltage is deactivated when the second feedback voltage is equal to the power supply voltage.

4. The voltage regulator of claim 1, wherein the feedback controller is configured to activate the second feedback voltage and the second driver is configured to drive the output node with the third voltage, when the high duty cycle signal is activated, and

wherein the feedback controller is configured to activate the first feedback voltage and the low pass filter is configured to drive the output node with the second voltage, when the high duty cycle signal is deactivated.

5. The voltage regulator of claim 1, wherein the high duty cycle detector comprises:

a first resistor connected between the power supply voltage and a first node;

a second resistor connected between the first node and the ground voltage; and

a comparator having a positive input terminal connected to the reference voltage, a negative input terminal connected to the first node, and an output terminal, the comparator configured to provide the high duty cycle signal at the output terminal.

6. The voltage regulator of claim 1, wherein the hysteretic comparator has a positive input terminal connected to the reference voltage, a negative input voltage connected to the first feedback voltage and an output terminal, the hysteretic comparator configured to provide the control signal at the output terminal, and

wherein the hysteretic comparator is further configured to activate the control signal when a voltage difference between the reference voltage and the first feedback voltage transitions from a negative value to a positive value, and deactivate the control signal when the voltage difference becomes lower than a hysteretic voltage of the hysteretic comparator.

7. The voltage regulator of claim 1, wherein the first driver is configured to drive the node that provides the first voltage with the power supply voltage when the control signal is activated, and drive the node that provides the first voltage with the ground voltage when the control signal is deactivated and the high duty cycle signal is deactivated, and the first driver is configured to be disabled when the control signal is deactivated and the high duty cycle signal is activated.

8. The voltage regulator of claim 1, wherein the first driver comprises:

a first inverter having an input terminal connected to the control signal and an output terminal connected to a first node;

a second inverter having an input terminal connected to the high duty cycle signal;

an AND logic gate having a first input terminal connected to an output terminal of the second inverter and a second input terminal connected to the first node;

a P-channel metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) transistor having a source electrode connected to the power supply voltage, a drain electrode connected to a second node and a gate electrode connected to the first node, wherein the second node is the node that provides the first voltage; and

an N-channel metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistor having a source electrode connected to the ground voltage, a drain electrode connected to the second node and a gate electrode connected to an output terminal of the AND logic gate.

9. The voltage regulator of claim 1, wherein the feedback controller comprises:

a first resistor connected between the power supply voltage and a first node;

a second resistor connected between the first node and the ground voltage;

a first switch configured to selectively connect the first node and a third node in response to the high duty cycle signal;

a second switch configured to selectively connect a second node and the third node in response to the high duty cycle signal, wherein the second node is connected to the reference voltage;

a third switch configured to selectively connect the second node and a fourth node in response to the high duty cycle signal;

a fourth switch configured to selectively connect the first node and the fourth node in response to the high duty cycle signal;

a first amplifier having a positive input terminal connected to the third node, a negative input terminal connected to the fourth node, and an output terminal connected to a fifth node;

a fifth switch configured to selectively connect the fifth node and a sixth node in response to the high duty cycle signal to provide the first feedback voltage from the sixth node when the fifth and sixth nodes are connected;

a sixth switch configured to selectively connect the fifth node and a seventh node in response to the high duty cycle signal;

a third resistor connected between the output voltage and the sixth node;

a fourth resistor connected between the sixth node and the ground voltage;

a ripple injection circuit configured to generate a ripple voltage and to apply the ripple voltage to the sixth node;

a fifth resistor connected between the output voltage and the seventh node;

a sixth resistor connected between the seventh node and the ground voltage; and

a second amplifier having a positive input terminal connected to the seventh node, a negative input terminal connected to the reference voltage, and an output terminal, the second amplifier configured to provide the second feedback voltage at the output terminal of the second amplifier.

10. The voltage regulator of claim 1, wherein the low pass filter comprises:

an inductor connected between the first voltage and a first internal node; and

a capacitor connected between the first internal node and the ground voltage,

wherein the low pass filter is configured to provide the second voltage at the first internal node, and

wherein the second driver comprises a driving transistor having a source electrode connected to the power supply voltage, a gate electrode connected to the second feedback voltage and a drain electrode, the driving transistor configured to provide the third voltage at the drain electrode.

11. A voltage regulator comprising:

a high duty cycle detector configured to generate a high duty cycle signal based on a power supply voltage and a reference voltage;

a feedback controller configured to generate a first feedback voltage and a second feedback voltage based on the reference voltage, the high duty cycle signal, an output voltage of the voltage regulator and a first voltage;

a hysteretic comparator configured to compare the reference voltage and the first feedback voltage to generate a control signal;

a current sensor configured to generate a reverse current control signal and an over current control signal based on the second feedback voltage;

a first driver configured to drive a node that provides the first voltage with the power supply voltage or a ground voltage based on the control signal and the reverse current control signal, when the first feedback voltage is activated;

a low pass filter configured to filter the first voltage to generate a second voltage and configured to drive an output node that provides the output voltage with the second voltage; and

a second driver configured to generate a third voltage proportional to the reference voltage based on the power supply voltage, the second feedback voltage and the over current control signal and configured to drive the output node with the third voltage, when the second feedback voltage is activated.

12. The voltage regulator of claim 11, wherein the first driver is configured to be disabled when the reverse current control signal is activated, and the second driver is configured to be disabled when the over current control signal is activated.

13. The voltage regulator of claim 11, wherein the current sensor comprises:

a P-channel metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) transistor having a source electrode connected to the power supply voltage, a drain electrode connected to a first node and a gate electrode connected to the second feedback voltage;

a first N-channel metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistor having a source electrode connected to the ground voltage, a drain electrode connected to the first node and a gate electrode connected to the first node;

a second NMOS transistor having a source electrode connected to the ground voltage, a drain electrode connected to a second node and a gate electrode connected to the first node;

a sensing resistor connected between the power supply voltage and the second node;

a first amplifier having a positive input terminal connected to an over current reference voltage, a negative input voltage connected to the second node, and an output terminal, the first amplifier configured to provide the over current control signal at the output terminal of the first amplifier; and

a second amplifier having a positive input terminal connected to a reverse current reference voltage, a negative input voltage connected to the second node and an output terminal, the second amplifier configured to provide the reverse current control signal at the output terminal of the second amplifier.

14. The voltage regulator of claim 11, wherein the first driver comprises:

a first inverter having an input terminal connected to the control signal and an output terminal connected to a first node;

a second inverter having an input terminal connected to the reverse current control signal;

an AND logic gate having a first input terminal connected to an output terminal of the second inverter and a second input terminal connected to the first node;

a PMOS transistor having a source electrode connected to the power supply voltage, a drain electrode connected to a second node and a gate electrode connected to the first node, wherein the second node is the node that provides the first voltage; and

an NMOS transistor having a source electrode connected to the ground voltage, a drain electrode connected to the second node and a gate electrode connected to an output terminal of the AND logic gate.

15. The voltage regulator of claim 11, wherein the second driver comprises:

a driving transistor having a source electrode connected to the power supply voltage, a gate electrode, and a drain electrode, the driving transistor configured to provide the third voltage at the drain electrode of the driving transistor;

a first switching transistor having a source electrode connected to the second feedback voltage, a gate electrode connected to the over current control signal and a drain electrode connected to the gate electrode of the driving transistor; and

a second switching transistor having a source electrode connected to the power supply voltage, a gate electrode connected to an inverted version of the over current control signal and a drain electrode connected to the gate electrode of the driving transistor.

16. A mobile system comprising:

at least one processor configured to execute applications stored in a memory device;

a connectivity unit configured to perform wireless communications with an external device; and

a power supply unit configured to supply an operating voltage to the mobile system,

the power supply unit comprising a voltage regulator configured to output the operating voltage,

the voltage regulator comprising

a high duty cycle detector configured to generate a high duty cycle signal based on a power supply voltage and a reference voltage;

a feedback controller configured to generate a first feedback voltage and a second feedback voltage based on the reference voltage, the high duty cycle signal, the operating voltage and a first voltage;

a hysteretic comparator configured to compare the reference voltage and the first feedback voltage to generate a control signal;

a first driver configured to drive a node that provides the first voltage with the power supply voltage or a ground voltage based on the control signal, when the first feedback voltage is activated;

a low pass filter configured to filter the first voltage to generate a second voltage and configured to drive an output node that provides the operating voltage with the second voltage; and

a second driver configured to generate a third voltage proportional to the reference voltage based on the power supply voltage and the second feedback voltage and configured to drive the output node with the third voltage, when the second feedback voltage is activated.

17. The mobile system of claim 16, wherein the first driver is configured to drive the node that provides the first voltage further based on the high duty cycle signal.

18. The mobile system of claim 16, wherein the voltage regulator further comprises a current sensor configured to generate a reverse current control signal and an over current control signal based on the second feedback voltage, and

wherein the first driver is configured to drive the node that provides the first voltage further based on the reverse current control signal.

19. The mobile system of claim 18, wherein the second driver is configured to generate the third voltage further based on the over current control signal.

20. The mobile system of claim 19, wherein the first driver is configured to be disabled when the reverse current control signal is activated, and the second driver is configured to be disabled when the over current control signal is activated.