Impedance computation for ablation therapy

• US 9,668,803 B2
• Filed: 08/07/2014
• Issued: 06/06/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 02/22/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Bosacker, Keith S., Bhushan, Nikhil, Skwarek, Thomas R., Spall, Graham
• Primary Examiner(s): DELLA, JAYMI E
• Application Number:
  US14/454,315
• Publication Number:
  US 20140350543A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,034 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1206 Generators therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1233 with circuits for assuring patient safety
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/14 Probes or electrodes therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1477 Needle-like probes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/16 Indifferent or passive electrodes for grounding
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00577 Ablation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00648 using more than one sensed parameter
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00702 Power or energy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00827 Current
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00875 Resistance or impedance
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1425 Needle
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1467 using more than two electrodes on a single probe
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1472 for use with liquid electrolyte, e.g. virtual electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/162 located on the probe body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2218/002 Irrigation

Abstract

This disclosure describes impedance computation techniques that may reduce the effect of crosstalk, thus generating more accurate impedance measurements. In particular, an ablation system models the electrical interaction among the active electrodes and a common return electrode using a star-configuration resistor model. The ablation system computes one or more parameters of the star-configuration resistor model and adjusts the therapy based on at least the computed parameters of the star-configuration resistor model.

Claims

1. An ablation system for delivering therapy to treat a condition of a human patient, the ablation system comprising:

a catheter configured for insertion through a urethra or other orifice to a site within the patient, wherein the catheter comprises first and second electrodes adapted for delivering energy to tissue;

a return electrode positionable interiorly or exteriorly of the patient to operate as a destination for the energy delivered via the first and second electrodes; and

a therapy delivery device coupled to the catheter, the therapy delivery device including;

a generator configured to deliver energy to the tissue of a target tissue location of the patient via the first electrode, the second electrode, and the return electrode; and

a processor having instructions configured for (a) computing one or more parameters of an electrical interaction between the first and second electrodes and the return electrode using a star-configuration resistor model in which all resistors of the star-configuration resistor model are coupled to each other at a common node and (b) adjusting, based on at least one of the one or more computed parameters of the star-configuration resistor model, one or more parameters of the delivered therapy, wherein the one or more computed parameter of the star-configuration resistor model comprises a common impedance to the return electrode of the star-configuration resistor model.

2. The ablation system of claim 1, wherein the generator is configured to independently control an amount of energy delivered to the first electrode and the second electrode.

3. The ablation system of claim 1, wherein the one or more computed parameters comprise one or more measured voltages, measured currents, or computed impedances.

4. The ablation system of claim 1, wherein the generator is configured to independently control an amount of energy delivered to the first electrode and the second electrode, and wherein the processor comprises instructions configured for computing the one or more parameters of the star-configuration resistor model prior to beginning delivery of the delivered therapy to the patient.

5. The ablation system of claim 1, wherein the generator is configured to independently control an amount of energy delivered to the first electrode and the second electrode, and wherein the processor comprises instructions configured for computing the one or more parameters of the star-configuration resistor model after beginning delivery of the delivered therapy to the patient.

6. The ablation system of claim 1, wherein the first electrode comprises a first needle electrode and the second electrode comprises a second needle electrode.

7. The ablation system of claim 1, wherein the first electrode comprises a first ring electrode and the second electrode comprises a second ring electrode.

8. The ablation system of claim 1, wherein the catheter comprises:

a shaft permanently coupled to a housing of the catheter; and

a tip coupled to the shaft.

9. The ablation system of claim 8, wherein the shaft is adapted to be replaced and discarded after a single use of the catheter.

10. The ablation system of claim 8, wherein the tip comprises openings positioned to allow extension of the first and second electrodes from the catheter toward the target tissue location.

11. An ablation system for delivering therapy to treat a condition of a human patient, the ablation system comprising:

a first electrode and a second electrode both configured to deliver energy to tissue;

means for inserting, through a urethra or other orifice, the first electrode and the second electrode to a site within the patient;

a return electrode positionable interiorly or exteriorly of the patient to operate as a destination for the energy delivered via the first and second electrodes;

means for delivering the energy to the tissue of a target tissue location of the patient via the first electrode, the second electrode, and the return electrode; and

means for;

computing one or more parameters of an electrical interaction between the first and second electrodes and the return electrode using a star-configuration resistor model in which all resistors of the star-configuration resistor model are coupled to each other at a common node, wherein the one or more computed parameters of the star-configuration resistor model comprises a common impedance to the return electrode of the star-configuration resistor model; and

adjusting, based on at least one of the one or more computed parameters of the star-configuration resistor model, one or more parameters of the delivered therapy.