Managing the exchange of electrical power with rechargeable vehicle batteries in V2X systems

• US 9,669,720 B2
• Filed: 03/27/2015
• Issued: 06/06/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 03/27/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Nissan North America Incorporated (Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.)
• Inventors: Kato, Yukinari, Higashi, Kazuyuki
• Primary Examiner(s): TSO, EDWARD H
• Application Number:
  US14/670,847
• Publication Number:
  US 20160280090A1
• Time in Patent Office: 802 Days
• Field of Search: 320104, 320107, 320109, 320132, 320134, 320136, 320125, 320160, 307 43, 307 66
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/64 Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/665 Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/13 Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/28 Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A V2X system includes an electrical power distribution system configured to draw electrical power from a grid, support the supply of the drawn electrical power to one or more primary electrical systems and support the exchange of electrical power with a battery bank including at least one rechargeable vehicle battery. A controller manages the exchange of electrical power between the electrical power distribution system and the battery bank by identifying a change rate in electrical power drawn by the electrical power distribution system from the grid, selecting an amount of electrical power for the electrical power distribution system to exchange with the battery bank based on the change rate, and signaling for the exchange of the selected amount of electrical power.

Claims

1. A V2X system, comprising:

an electrical power distribution system configured to draw electrical power from a grid, support the supply of the drawn electrical power to one or more primary electrical systems and support the exchange of electrical power with a battery bank including at least one rechargeable vehicle battery; and

an electrical power distribution system controller for managing the exchange of electrical power between the electrical power distribution system and the battery bank, the controller configured to;

identify a change rate in electrical power drawn by the electrical power distribution system from the grid,

determine a difference between the change rate and a previously identified change rate,

if the magnitude of the difference is below a threshold, signal for the exchange of a previously selected amount of electrical power, and

if the magnitude of the difference is above the threshold, request a selection of an amount of electrical power,

select the amount of electrical power for the electrical power distribution system to exchange with the battery bank based on the change rate, and

signal for the exchange of the selected amount of electrical power.

2. The V2X system of claim 1, wherein if the electrical power drawn by the electrical power distribution system from the grid is increasing, the amount of electrical power is selected for discharge from the battery bank, and the controller is further configured to:

signal for the discharge of the selected amount of electrical power from the battery bank to the electrical power distribution system.

3. The V2X system of claim 2, wherein the selected amount of electrical power increases with increasing change rates.

4. The V2X system of claim 1, wherein if the electrical power drawn by the electrical power distribution system from the grid is decreasing, the amount of electrical power is selected for supply to the battery bank, and the controller is further configured to:

signal for the supply of the selected amount of electrical power to the battery bank from the grid via the electrical power distribution system.

5. The V2X system of claim 4, wherein the selected amount of electrical power increases with decreasing change rates.

6. The V2X system of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to:

select the amount of electrical power from a map representing different amounts of electrical power as a function of the change rate.

7. A method for managing the exchange of electrical power with a battery bank in a V2X system, comprising:

in an electrical power distribution system configured to draw electrical power from a grid, support the supply of the drawn electrical power to one or more primary electrical systems and support the exchange of electrical power with a battery bank including at least one rechargeable vehicle battery;

identifying a change rate in electrical power drawn by the electrical power distribution system from the grid,

determining a difference between the change rate and a previously identified change rate,

if the magnitude of the difference is below a threshold, signaling for the exchange of a previously selected amount of electrical power, and

if the magnitude of the difference is above the threshold, requesting a new selection of an amount of electrical power,

selecting the amount of electrical power for the electrical power distribution system to exchange with the battery bank based on the change rate, and

signaling for the exchange of the selected amount of electrical power.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein if the electrical power drawn by the electrical power distribution system from the grid is increasing, the amount of electrical power is selected for discharge from the battery bank, further comprising:

signaling for the discharge of the selected amount of electrical power from the battery bank to the electrical power distribution system.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the selected amount of electrical power increases with increasing change rates.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein if the electrical power drawn by the electrical power distribution system from the grid is decreasing, the amount of electrical power is selected for supply to the battery bank, further comprising:

signaling for the supply of the selected amount of electrical power to the battery bank from the grid via the electrical power distribution system.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the selected amount of electrical power increases with decreasing change rates.

12. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

selecting the amount of electrical power from a map representing different amounts of electrical power as a function of the change rate.

13. A V2X system, comprising:

an electrical power distribution system configured to draw electrical power from a grid, support the supply of the drawn electrical power to one or more primary electrical systems and support the exchange of electrical power with a battery bank including at least one rechargeable vehicle battery; and

an electrical power distribution system controller for managing the exchange of electrical power between the electrical power distribution system and the battery bank, the controller configured to;

identify a change rate in electrical power drawn by the electrical power distribution system from the grid,

determine a difference between the change rate and a previously identified change rate,

if the magnitude of the difference is below a threshold, signal for the exchange of a previously selected amount of electrical power, and

if the magnitude of the difference is above the threshold, request a selection of an amount of electrical power,

select the amount of electrical power for the electrical power distribution system to exchange with the battery bank based on the change rate,

if the electrical power drawn by the electrical power distribution system from the grid is increasing, signal for the discharge of the selected amount of electrical power from the battery bank to the electrical power distribution system, and

if the electrical power drawn by the electrical power distribution system from the grid is decreasing, signal for the supply of selected amount of electrical power to the battery bank from the grid via the electrical power distribution system.

14. The V2X system of claim 13, wherein the selected amount of electrical power increases with increasing change rates.

15. The V2X system of claim 13, wherein the selected amount of electrical power increases with decreasing change rates.

16. The V2X system of claim 13, wherein the

selects the amount of electrical power for the battery to discharge or to supply to the battery bank from a map representing different amounts of electrical power as a function of the change rate.