Testing while fracturing while drilling

• US 9,677,337 B2
• Filed: 10/08/2012
• Issued: 06/13/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 10/06/2011
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Schlumberger Technology Corporation (Schlumberger NV)
• Original Assignee: Schlumberger Technology Corporation (Schlumberger NV)
• Inventors: Johnson, Ashley Bernard, Bittleston, Simon
• Primary Examiner(s): Wills, III, Michael
• Application Number:
  US14/349,017
• Publication Number:
  US 20140238668A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,709 Days
• Field of Search: 175 40, 175 50, 175 72
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 21/085 Underbalanced techniques, i.e. where borehole fluid pressure is below formation pressure
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/26 by forming crevices or fractures
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 49/08 Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 49/087 Well testing, e.g. testing for reservoir productivity or formation parameters
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 49/0875 determining specific fluid parameters
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 7/00 Special methods or apparatus for drilling

Abstract

A drilling procedure is operated such that a formation around the wellbore being drilled is fractured and then reservoir fluids from a hydrocarbon reservoir contained in the formation are flowed into the wellbore where the flow of the reservoir fluids is tested. Production predictions for the wellbore are processed from the measurements made on the flow of reservoir fluids and decisions regarding further drilling operations are made based upon the reservoir fluid measurements. By testing reservoir fluids prior to completing the wellbore, drilling operations such as, for example, continuing to drill the wellbore may be made without tripping the drillstring from the wellbore.

Claims

1. A method for performing a drilling procedure to drill a wellbore into a subterranean formation to produce hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon reservoir therein, comprising:

using a drilling system comprising a drillstring and a drill bit to drill the wellbore into the subterranean formation, wherein the drilling procedure comprises circulating drilling fluids through the wellbore, down the drillstring and up through a drilling annulus;

fracturing a section of the subterranean formation at a location along the wellbore;

pumping a low density drilling fluid into the wellbore to decrease the bottom hole pressure below a pressure of the subterranean formation, thereby flowing formation fluids from the subterranean formation into the wellbore at the location prior to completing the wellbore; and

measuring properties of the flow of formation fluids into the wellbore.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the steps of fracturing the section of the fracturing the section of the subterranean formation and flowing formation fluids into the wellbore are performed with the drillstring in the wellbore.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising:

making a drilling decision based upon the measured properties of the flow of the formation fluids into the wellbore, wherein the drilling comprises at least one of continuing drilling the wellbore, completing the wellbore, determining where to induce a further fracture in the subterranean formation and determining a direction in which to continue drilling the wellbore.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the measured properties are used to process a production model for the wellbore prior to completing the wellbore.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the measured properties of the formation fluids comprise at least one of a flow rate of the formation fluids into the wellbore, a composition of the reservoir fluids, a phase of the reservoir fluids, a phase fraction of the reservoir fluids, a gas cut of the reservoir fluids, a water cut of the reservoir fluids, an oil cut of the reservoir fluids, a conductivity pr resistivity of the reservoir fluids, a temperature of the reservoir fluids, a pressure of the reservoir fluids, density of the reservoir fluids, a viscosity of the reservoir fluids and a volume flow rate of the reservoir fluids.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the properties of the formation fluids are measured by one or more sensors disposed on the drillstring.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of fracturing the section of the subterranean formation comprises pumping a high density drilling fluid into the wellbore to increase the bottom hole pressure.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of fracturing the section of the subterranean formation comprises using a choke to choke a flow of the drilling fluid out of the drilling annulus and increase the bottom hole pressure.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of pumping a low density drilling fluid into the wellbore and flowing formation fluids into the wellbore also comprises adjusting a choke to reduce an amount of choke applied to a flow of the drilling fluid out of the drilling annulus and increase the bottom hole pressure.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drilling system comprises a managed pressure drilling system.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the step of pumping a low density drilling fluid into the wellbore and flowing formation fluids into the wellbore comprises injecting a gas into the drilling fluid to decrease a bottom hole pressure below a pressure of the subterranean formation.

12. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

continuing drilling of the wellbore after measuring the properties of the flow of formation fluids into the wellbore.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the properties of the flow of formation fluids into the wellbore are measured while the drilling fluid is being circulated through the wellbore.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of measuring properties of the flow of formation fluids into the wellbore comprises using sensors on the drill string to measure the properties of the flow of the formation fluids.

15. A method for performing a drilling procedure to drill a wellbore into a subterranean formation to produce hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon reservoir therein, comprising:

using a drilling system comprising a drillstring and a drill bit to drill the wellbore into the subterranean formation, wherein the drilling procedure comprises circulating drilling fluids through the wellbore, down the drillstring into a bottom of the wellbore and up through a drilling annulus;

pumping a first drilling fluid into the wellbore;

pumping a second drilling fluid with a density higher than the first drilling fluid into the wellbore to increase a pressure at the bottom of the wellbore;

fracturing the subterranean formation;

pumping a third drilling fluid with a density lower than the second drilling fluid into the wellbore;

lowering the pressure at the bottom of the wellbore below a pressure of the subterranean formation; and

measuring properties of a flow of formation fluids flowing from the subterranean formation into the wellbore.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the third drilling fluid comprises the first drilling fluid.

17. The method according to claim 15, wherein the step of fracturing the subterranean formation comprises at least one of choking a flow of the second drilling fluid out of the wellbore and increasing a rate of pumping the second drilling fluid into the wellbore.

18. The method according to claim 15, further comprising:

pumping one of a clean fluid and a fluid containing a proppant into the wellbore after the second drilling fluid is pumped into the wellbore.

19. The method according to claim 15, further comprising:

pumping a sealing fluid into the wellbore to seal fractures in the subterranean formation.

20. The method according to claim 19, further comprising:

increasing the pressure at the bottom of the wellbore above the pressure of the subterranean formation and continuing drilling the wellbore.

21. The method according to claim 15, wherein the first, second and third drilling fluids are pumped through the wellbore as a fluid train.

22. The method according to claim 15, wherein at least one of the first, second and third drilling fluids are injected into the drilling annulus using coiled tubing.

23. The method according to claim 15, wherein the drillstring comprises wired drillstring and the measurements are communicated to a surface via the wired drillstring.

24. A method for performing a drilling procedure to drill a wellbore into a subterranean formation to produce hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon reservoir therein, comprising:

using a managed pressure drilling system comprising a drillstring and a drill bit to drill the wellbore into the subterranean formation, wherein the drilling procedure comprises circulating drilling fluids through the wellbore, down the drillstring and up through a drilling annulus surrounding the drillstring, wherein return flow out of the annulus at the surface is controlled with an adjustable choke;

drilling while restricting flow out of the annulus by means of the choke so as to maintain a surface pressure in the annulus and maintain a downhole pressure above a pressure of the subterranean formation to prevent entry of formation fluids but without fracturing the surrounding subterranean formation;

increasing downhole pressure and thereby fracturing a section of the subterranean formation at a location along the wellbore;

after fracturing at the said location, opening the choke and reducing downhole pressure below the pressure of the subterranean formation to allow flow of formation fluids from the subterranean formation into the wellbore at the location prior to completing the wellbore; and

measuring properties of the flow of formation fluids into the wellbore.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein at least one of the steps of fracturing the section of the subterranean formation and flowing formation fluids into the wellbore are performed with the drillstring in the wellbore.

26. The method according to claim 24, further comprising making a drilling decision based upon the measured properties of the flow of the formation fluids into the wellbore, wherein the drilling decision comprises at least one of continuing drilling the wellbore, completing the wellbore, determining where to induce a further fracture in the subterranean formation and determining a direction in which to continue drilling the wellbore.

27. The method according to claim 24, wherein the measured properties are used to process a production model for the wellbore prior to completing the wellbore.

28. The method according to claim 24, wherein the measured properties of the formation fluids comprise at least one of a flow rate of the formation fluids into the wellbore, a composition of the reservoir fluids, a phase of the reservoir fluids, a phase fraction of the reservoir fluids, a gas cut of the reservoir fluids, a water cut of the reservoir fluids, an oil cut of the reservoir fluids, a conductivity pr resistivity of the reservoir fluids, a temperature of the reservoir fluids, a pressure of the reservoir fluids, density of the reservoir fluids, a viscosity of the reservoir fluids and a volume flow rate of the reservoir fluids.

29. The method according to claim 24, wherein the step of fracturing the section of the subterranean formation comprises pumping a high density drilling fluid into the wellbore to increase the bottom hole pressure.

30. The method according to claim 24, wherein the step of opening the choke and reducing downhole pressure also comprises one of pumping a low density drilling fluid into the wellbore and injecting a gas into the drilling fluid.

31. The method according to claim 24, further comprising continuing drilling of the wellbore after measuring the properties of the flow of formation fluids into the wellbore.

32. The method according to claim 24, wherein the properties of the flow of formation fluids into the wellbore are measured while the drilling fluid is being circulated through the wellbore.

33. The method according to claim 24, wherein the step of measuring properties of the flow of formation fluids into the wellbore comprises using sensors on the drill string to measure the properties of the flow of the formation fluids.