Dependency-driven co-specialization of specialized classes

• US 9,678,729 B2
• Filed: 04/21/2015
• Issued: 06/13/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 04/22/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Oracle International Corporation (Oracle Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Oracle International Corporation (Oracle Corporation)
• Inventors: Goetz, Brian, Rose, John R., Buckley, Alexander R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Vo, Ted T
• Application Number:
  US14/692,590
• Publication Number:
  US 20150301840A1
• Time in Patent Office: 784 Days
• Field of Search: 717114-119, 717165-166
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/24 Object-oriented
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/315 Object-oriented languages
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/41 Compilation
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/437 Type checking
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/443 Optimisation
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/447 Target code generation
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/70 Software maintenance or management
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/71 Version control security arrangements therefor G06F21/57; Configuration management
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/76 Adapting program code to run in a different environment; Porting
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/44521 Dynamic linking or loading; Link editing at or after load time, e.g. Java class loading
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/4488 Object-oriented
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/449 Object-oriented method invocation or resolution
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/4492 Inheritance
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/4498 Finite state machines
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/45516 Runtime code conversion or optimisation

Abstract

The loading or operation of a specialized class may trigger the specialization of other classes. A compiler may be configured to recognize dependency relationships between generic classes and to describe the classes in terms of the type variables of the triggering types (e.g., the types and/or type parameterizations) that trigger the specialization of classes based on the specialization of a first class. A compiler may include information, such as structural references, indicating dependency relationships between classes when generating class files. Thus, the class file may include information indicating that a class extends a class resulting from applying a specialization code generator to an argument. Loading a first class may trigger the loading of a second class described by a structural description such that a specializer (and/or class loader) may apply the structural description to generate and load the second class for the particular parameterization.

Claims

1. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium storing program instructions that when executed on a computing device cause the computing device to perform:

specializing, within a platform independent, object oriented runtime environment, a first generic class defined using an object oriented programming language, wherein the first generic class comprises one or more specializable type variables, wherein each of the specializable type variables is specializable over one or more type parameterizations, and wherein the first generic class is specialized for a particular one of the one or more type parameterizations, wherein after being specialized, instances of the one or more specializable type variables are replaced with instances of the particular type parameterization;

determining a dependency relationship between the first generic class and a second generic class; and

specializing, in response to said specializing the first generic class and said determining the dependency relationship, the second generic class for the particular one of the one or more type parameterizations based on the determined dependency relationship, wherein specializing the second generic class comprises specializing, based on the determined dependency relationship, one or more specializable type variables of the second generic class for the particular type parameterization for which the first generic class is specialized.

2. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the dependency relationship represents a supertype relationship between the first generic class and the second generic class, wherein the second generic class is a supertype of the first generic class.

3. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the dependency relationship is based, at least in part, on a field descriptor of the first class that refers to a particular parameterization of the second generic class.

4. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the dependency relationship is based, at least in part, on a method descriptor of the first generic class referring to a particular parameterization of the second generic class.

5. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the second generic class is nested within the body of the first generic class, wherein the dependency relationship is based, at least in part, on the nesting of the second generic class within the body of the first generic class.

6. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the dependency relationship represents a relationship in which the second generic class is declared within a method of the first generic class;

and wherein specializing the second generic class comprises;

specializing the second generic class in response to the method of the first generic class being executing within the platform independent, object oriented runtime environment.

7. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the second generic class represents a non-public type within the object oriented programming language.

8. A method, comprising:

specializing, by a platform independent, object oriented runtime environment implemented on one or more computing devices, a first generic class, wherein the first generic class is defined using an object oriented programming language, wherein the first generic class comprises one or more specializable type variables, wherein each of the specializable type variables is specializable over one or more type parameterizations, and wherein the first generic class is specialized for a particular one of the one or more type parameterizations, wherein after being specialized, instances of the one or more specializable type variables are replaced with instances of the particular type parameterization;

determining, by the platform independent, object oriented runtime environment, a dependency relationship between the first generic class and a second generic class; and

specializing, by the platform independent, object oriented runtime environment in response to said specializing the first generic class and said determining the dependency relationship, the second generic class for the particular one of the one or more type parameterizations based on the determined dependency relationship, wherein specializing the second generic class comprises specializing, based on the determined dependency relationship, one or more specializable type variables of the second generic class for the particular type parameterization for which the first generic class is specialized.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the dependency relationship represents a supertype relationship between the first generic class and the second generic class, wherein the second generic class is a supertype of the first generic class.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the dependency relationship is based, at least in part, on a field descriptor of the first class that refers to a particular parameterization of the second generic class.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the dependency relationship is based, at least in part, on a method descriptor of the first generic class referring to a particular parameterization of the second generic class.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein the dependency relationship represents a relationship in which the second generic class is declared within a method of the first generic class.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein said specializing the second generic class comprises:

specializing, by the platform independent, object oriented runtime environment, the second generic class in response to the method of the first generic class being executing within the platform independent, object oriented runtime environment.

14. The method of claim 8, wherein the second generic class represents a non-public type within the object oriented programming language.

15. A computing device, comprising:

a processor; and

a memory comprising program instructions, that when executed on the processor cause the processor to;

specialize a first generic class within a platform independent, object oriented runtime environment, wherein the first generic class is defined using an object oriented programming language, wherein the first generic class comprises one or more specializable type variables, wherein each of the specializable type variables is specializable over one or more type parameterizations, and wherein the first generic class is specialized for a particular one of the one or more type parameterizations, wherein after being specialized, instances of the one or more specializable type variables are replaced with instances of the particular type parameterization;

determine a dependency relationship between the first generic class and a second generic class; and

specialize, in response to specializing the first generic class and determining the dependency relationship, the second generic class for the particular one of the one or more type parameterizations based on the determined dependency relationship, wherein specializing the second generic class comprises specializing, based on the determined dependency relationship, one or more specializable type variables of the second generic class for the particular type parameterization for which the first generic class is specialized.

16. The computing device of claim 15, wherein the dependency relationship represents a supertype relationship between the first generic class and the second generic class, wherein the second generic class is a supertype of the first generic class.

17. The computing device of claim 15, wherein the dependency relationship is based, at least in part, on a field descriptor of the first class that refers to a particular parameterization of the second generic class.

18. The computing device of claim 15, wherein the dependency relationship is based, at least in part, on a method descriptor of the first generic class referring to a particular parameterization of the second generic class.

19. The computing device of claim 15, wherein the dependency relationship represents a relationship in which the second generic class is declared within a method of the first generic class.

20. The computing device of claim 19, wherein to specialize the second generic class the program instructions further cause the processor to:

specialize the second generic class in response to the method of the first generic class being executing within the platform independent, object oriented runtime environment.