RF energy harvesting by a network node

• US 9,680,327 B2
• Filed: 06/30/2014
• Issued: 06/13/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Landis+Gyr Technology, Inc. (Landis+Gyr Group AG)
• Original Assignee: Landis+Gyr Innovations Incorporated (Landis+Gyr Group AG)
• Inventors: Scheb, Jeffrey E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Fureman, Jared
• Assistant Examiner(s): YESHAW, ESAYAS G
• Application Number:
  US14/318,970
• Publication Number:
  US 20150380973A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,079 Days
• Field of Search: 307104
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/001 Energy harvesting or scavenging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/20 using microwaves or radio frequency waves
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/1607 Supply circuits converters H02M; filters therefor H02M1/14; voltage stabilisers G05F1/46
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/0216 using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/0248 dependent on the time of the day, e.g. according to expected transmission activity
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/0251 using monitoring of local events, e.g. events related to user activity
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/0296 switching to a backup power supply

Abstract

Disclosed are various embodiments for energy harvesting by circuitry of a node in a network. The node operates in a communication mode that includes communicating, via an RF transceiver, data with another node in the network. The node includes an energy storage device that provides power for the node. The node switches, via an RF switch, from said communication mode to an energy harvest mode. The energy harvest mode includes receiving RF emissions accessible to the node via an antenna. The RF emissions are converted to DC electrical energy, and the DC energy is stored in the energy storage device.

Claims

1. A method for energy harvesting by circuitry of a node in a network, comprising:

operating in a communication mode comprising;

communicating, via a radio frequency (RF) transceiver, data with another node in the network, wherein the node comprises an energy storage device that provides power for the node; and

in response to occurrence of a time period during which no further data communication is scheduled in the node, switching, via an RF switch in the node, from said communication mode to an energy harvest mode comprising;

receiving RF emissions accessible to the node via an antenna;

providing the received RF emissions to a rectifier;

converting the RF emissions to direct current (DC) energy, wherein said converting is implemented using the rectifier; and

storing the DC energy in the energy storage device.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising switching back to the communication mode when the node determines additional data needs to be transmitted or received by the node, the communication mode further comprising:

receiving additional RF emissions accessible to the node via the antenna; and

decoding the additional data from the additional RF emissions.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the node is a utility meter deployed as part of an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) system.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the energy storage device is the only source of electrical power for the node during operation.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said switching to the energy harvesting mode is based at least in part upon the node determining that a sleep mode can begin.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein said receiving RF emissions comprises receiving a plurality of RF signals in one or more RF bands.

7. A node, comprising:

a processor;

an antenna;

a radio frequency (RF) switch for switching connectivity to the antenna;

an energy storage device that provides power for the node;

a rectifier;

an RF transceiver for communicating on a network accessible to the node; and

a memory configured by a management application executed in the node, the management application comprising logic causing the node to;

operate in an energy harvest mode comprising;

receiving RF emissions accessible to the node via the antenna;

converting, via the rectifier, the RF emissions to direct current (DC) energy; and

storing the DC energy in the energy storage device; and

in response to occurrence of a time period during which data communication is scheduled in the node, switch, via the RF switch, from said energy harvest mode to a communication mode comprising;

communicating, via the RF transceiver, data with another node in the network, wherein said communicating uses power from the energy storage device.

8. The node of claim 7, wherein said switch to the communication mode occurs when the node determines additional data needs to be transmitted or received by the node.

9. The node of claim 8, wherein the additional data needs to be transmitted or received by the node on a periodic basis.

10. The node of claim 7, wherein the management application further comprises logic to request the other node in the network to transmit additional RF emissions to the node.

11. The node of claim 7, wherein the network is a wireless mesh network of a plurality nodes that includes the node.

12. The node of claim 7, wherein the RF transceiver operates in one or more of the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) RF bands.

13. The node of claim 12, wherein said receiving RF emissions comprises receiving a plurality of RF signals in one or more RF bands, a portion of the one or more RF bands being outside the ISM RF bands.

14. A non-transitory computer-readable medium embodying a program executable by a processor of a node, comprising:

code for operating the node in a communication mode comprising;

communicating, via a radio frequency (RF) transceiver, data with another node in a network, wherein the node comprises an energy storage device that provides power for the node;

code for operating the node in an energy harvest mode comprising;

receiving RF emissions accessible to the node via an antenna;

providing the received RF emissions to a rectifier;

converting the RF emissions to direct current (DC) energy, wherein said converting is implemented using the rectifier; and

storing the DC energy in the energy storage device; and

code for switching, via an RF switch in the node, between the modes based upon a determination made in the node, wherein the node switches to the energy harvesting mode in response to occurrence of a time period during which no further data communication is scheduled in the node.

15. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein the node receives electrical power only from the energy storage device in the node.

16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the program further comprises code for requesting the other node in the network to transmit additional RF emissions to the node, wherein the other node receives electrical power from an external source.

17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein the node is a utility meter deployed as part of an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) system.

18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein the determination comprises switching to the energy harvest mode based upon a power level of the energy storage device reaching a threshold.

19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein the determination comprises switching to the energy harvest mode based upon a completion of a scheduled data communication.