Methods for using state machines

• US 9,704,380 B2
• Filed: 07/17/2014
• Issued: 07/11/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 07/18/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Google LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Google Inc. (Alphabet Inc.)
• Inventors: Matsuoka, Yoky, Fadell, Anthony Michael, Rogers, Matthew Lee, Lee, Jeffrey
• Primary Examiner(s): POPE, DARYL C
• Application Number:
  US14/334,116
• Publication Number:
  US 20150022339A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,090 Days
• Field of Search: 340514, 340506, 340511, 340517, 340 31, 3405391, 34053911
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 17/10 Actuation by presence of smoke or gases , e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 19/00 Alarms responsive to two or more different undesired or abnormal conditions, e.g. burglary and fire, abnormal temperature and abnormal rate of flow
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 21/14 Toxic gas alarms G08B21/16 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 21/182 Level alarms, e.g. alarms responsive to variables exceeding a threshold
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 25/001 Alarm cancelling procedures or alarm forwarding decisions, e.g. based on absence of alarm confirmation
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 25/002 Generating a prealarm to the central station
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 25/008 Alarm setting and unsetting, i.e. arming or disarming of the security system
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 29/14 checking the detection circuits
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 29/20 Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 3/10 using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission

Abstract

Systems and methods for using multi-criteria state machines to manage alarming states and pre-alarming states of a hazard detection system are described herein. The multi-criteria state machines can include one or more sensor state machines that can control the alarming states and one or more system state machines that can control the pre-alarming states. Each state machine can transition among any one of its states based on sensor data values, hush events, and transition conditions. The transition conditions can define how a state machine transitions from one state to another. The hazard detection system can use a dual processor arrangement to execute the multi-criteria state machines according to various embodiments. The dual processor arrangement can enable the hazard detection system to manage the alarming and pre-alarming states in a manner that promotes minimal power usage while simultaneously promoting reliability in hazard detection and alarming functionality.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a smoke sensor state machine of a hazard detection system, the hazard detection system comprising a smoke sensor, a processor, and an alarm, the method comprising:

receiving smoke data values from the smoke sensor;

receiving a hush event command; and

transitioning among a plurality of states based on the received smoke data values, the received hush event command, and a plurality of transition conditions, wherein the plurality of transition conditions comprises a plurality of different smoke thresholds, and wherein, for each state transition, the transitioning comprises comparing the smoke data values to one of the different smoke thresholds.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of different smoke thresholds comprises at least three different smoke thresholds.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of different smoke thresholds comprises four different smoke thresholds.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of transition conditions comprises at least one time threshold, the method further comprising starting a timer when the state machine transitions to a hush alarm state.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of transition conditions comprises a hush event parameter.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of transition conditions comprises an adjustable alarm threshold, the method further comprising activating the alarm in response to the smoke data value being one of equal to and greater than the adjustable alarm threshold.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising selecting one of at least two of the different smoke thresholds as the adjustable alarm threshold.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the plurality of transition conditions comprises a parameter based on a difference between the selected adjustable alarm threshold and a constant.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of states comprises idle, monitor, alarm, and alarm hush states.

10. A method for controlling a carbon monoxide sensor state machine of a hazard detection system, the hazard detection system comprising a carbon monoxide sensor, a processor, and an alarm, the method comprising:

receiving carbon monoxide (“

CO”

) data values from the carbon monoxide sensor;

managing a plurality of CO time buckets by selectively adding and subtracting time units to at least one of the buckets based on the received CO data values, wherein each CO time bucket comprises a time unit quantity, and wherein a time unit is added to at least one of the CO time buckets when the CO data value is one of equal to and greater than an implementation level associated with that at least one CO time bucket and a time unit is subtracted from at least one of the CO time buckets when the CO data value is less than a fraction of the implementation level associated with that at least one CO time bucket; and

transitioning among a plurality of states based on the received CO data values and a plurality of transition conditions, wherein the plurality of transition conditions comprises an alarm time threshold for each CO time bucket.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the plurality of transition conditions comprises an alarm time threshold for each CO time bucket.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising activating the alarm when the time unit quantity is equal to the alarm time threshold of any one of the CO time buckets.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the plurality of transition conditions comprises at least one time threshold, the method further comprising starting a timer when the state machine transitions to a hush alarm state.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the plurality of transition conditions comprises a hush event parameter.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein the managing comprises initializing the time unit quantity of each CO time bucket to zero.

16. The method of claim 10, wherein the managing comprises preventing the time unit quantity of each CO time bucket from dropping below zero.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein the managing comprises preventing the time unit quantity of each CO time bucket from exceeding the alarm time threshold associated with its respective CO time bucket.

18. The method of claim 10, wherein the plurality of states comprises idle, alarm, and alarm hush states.

19. The method of claim 10, further comprising receiving a hush event command, wherein the transitioning among the plurality of states is also based on the received hush event command.

20. A method for controlling a heat sensor state machine of a hazard detection system, the hazard detection system comprising at least one heat sensor, a processor, and an alarm, the method comprising:

receiving raw heat data values from the at least one heat sensor;

using an acceleration function to convert the raw heat data values into scaled heat data values;

receiving a hush event command; and

transitioning among a plurality of states based on the scaled heat data values, the received hush event command, and a plurality of transition conditions, wherein the plurality of transition conditions comprises a plurality of different heat thresholds, and wherein, for each state transition, the transitioning comprises comparing the scaled data values to one of the different heat thresholds.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the plurality of different smoke thresholds comprises at least three different smoke thresholds.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein the plurality of transition conditions comprises at least one time threshold, the method further comprising starting a timer when the state machine transitions to a hush alarm state.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein the plurality of transition conditions comprises a hush event parameter.

24. The method of claim 20, wherein the acceleration function comprises:

y_i=α

x_i+(1−

α

)y_i-1,

where y_i is a filtered value, α

is a smoothing factor, x_i is raw data received from the sensor, and y_i-1 is a previously filtered value.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the smoothing factor exists between 0 and 1.

26. The method of claim 20, wherein the plurality of transition conditions comprises a rate of change in temperature parameter.

27. A method for selecting an adjustable alarm threshold from a plurality of different thresholds, wherein the selected adjustable alarm threshold is a transition condition of a state machine, the method comprising:

receiving sensor data values from at least two sensors;

selecting the adjustable alarm threshold from one of the plurality of different thresholds by applying selection criteria to the received sensor data values; and

using the selected adjustable alarm threshold in the transition condition of the state machine.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein the at least two sensors comprises a heat sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, and a humidity sensor.

29. The method of claim 27, wherein the plurality of different thresholds comprises a low threshold, a medium threshold, and a high threshold.

30. The method of claim 27, wherein the selected adjustable alarm threshold is a smoke alarm threshold.

31. The method of claim 29, further comprising

determining whether any of the different thresholds satisfies the selection criteria;

and

when at least two of the different thresholds satisfy the selection criteria, selecting the different threshold from the at least two thresholds determined to satisfy the criteria that has a lowest value.