Adaptive multicast delivery of media streams

• US 9,716,916 B2
• Filed: 12/30/2013
• Issued: 07/25/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 12/28/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Dish Technologies LLC (Echostar Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Echostar Technologies LLC (Echostar Corporation)
• Inventors: Muhlestein, Herrick, Major, Robert Drew, Hurst, Mark B.
• Primary Examiner(s): KIM, WILLIAM JW
• Application Number:
  US14/144,235
• Publication Number:
  US 20140189754A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,303 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/611 for multicast or broadcast systems for broadcast or conference H04L12/18; arrangements for broadcast or distribution combined with broadcast H04H20/00; arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time H04H60/00; selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS], H04W4/06
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/762 at the source reformatting of additional data in video distribution servers H04N21/2355
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23439 for generating different versions
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/6405 Multicasting data broadcast and multicast in packet switching networks H04L12/18
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/6408 Unicasting
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/643 Communication protocols network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP], H04L65/65
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/64322 IP
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/64738 Monitoring network characteristics, e.g. bandwidth, congestion level data switched network analysis H04L41/14; monitoring functioning in data switched networks H04L43/0817; flow control in packet networks H04L47/10
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/8456 by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments

Abstract

Various systems, methods and devices adaptively manage the multicast delivery of multiple media programs. Each of the media programs is encoded into multiple media streams, each stream having a different bitrate, frame rate, resolution or other encoding parameter. A computer receives feedback about the delivery of the multiple streams and automatically adapts the number of streams available for at least one of the multiple media programs in response to the received feedback. This allows resources to be applied to those multicast streams having the greatest user demand.

Claims

1. A method executable by a computer to adaptively manage the multicast delivery of a live media program to a plurality of client devices via a network, wherein the method comprises:

receiving the live media program by the computer for encoding as the live media program is being received;

encoding, by the computer, a plurality of different copies of the live media program in real time as the live media program is received by the computer, each copy being encoded with different encoding parameters from the other copies so that the different copies each represent the same media program with different video qualities;

delivering, by the computer, a number of media streams each representing one of the different copies of the media program to the plurality of client devices via the network;

receiving feedback about the delivery of the media streams at the computer; and

adapting, by the computer, the number of media streams of the media program that are encoded by the computer in response to the received feedback so that encoding of the more popular streams is continued while encoding of less popular streams is suspended, wherein the adapting comprises the computer providing a message to client devices previously receiving a suspended stream that redirects those client devices from the suspended stream to an alternate one of the plurality of streams available from the computer that represents another of the different copies of the same live media program that was contained in the suspended stream, but that is encoded with a different video quality than the suspended stream.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein each of the plurality of different copies of the live media program is encoded in real time with a different bit rate.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the adapting comprises making fewer streams of the media program available when the feedback indicates a decrease in available bandwidth.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the redirecting comprises the computer providing an HTTP code that allows the client devices previously receiving the suspended stream to automatically request future content of the media program from the alternate stream with no perceived interruption in the playback of the media program.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the encoding of the plurality of different copies is performed in real time by the computer as the multiple media streams are delivered to the client devices.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the feedback comprises demand information describing a real-time demand for the media program, and wherein the adapting comprises discontinuing encoding of at least one stream of the media program if the real-time demand is less than a threshold value.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the feedback is provided by a multicast delivery server, and wherein the adapting comprises communicating with the multicast delivery server to suspend the delivery of the at least one stream of the media program.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the delivering comprises providing segments of the streams in response to HTTP requests received from the client devices via the network.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the adapting comprises responding to the HTTP requests for the segments of suspended streams by providing an HTTP code in the message indicating the alternate stream for the same content that is contained in the suspended stream.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein the HTTP code allows the client devices to automatically request future content of the media stream from the alternate stream with no perceived interruption in the playback of the media stream.

11. A computer system having a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to adaptively manage the encoding and multicast delivery a live media program that is encoded in real time into a plurality of streams, each stream having different encoding parameters than the other streams of the media program, and wherein the computer system is further configured to adaptively manage the encoding and multicast delivery of the live media program by:

receiving the live media program by the computer system for encoding as the live media program is being received;

encoding the live media program in real time as the live media program is received to create a plurality of different streams of the live media program, each stream being encoded with different encoding parameters from the other streams so that the different streams each represent the same live media program with different video qualities;

delivering segments associated with each of the streams in response to requests received from a plurality of client devices via a network;

monitoring the number of requests received for each of the plurality of streams associated with the live media program; and

adapting the number of streams that are encoded for the live media program in response to the monitored number of requests by suspending the encoding of one or more streams that has lower demand than other streams, and by providing a message to the client devices receiving the one or more suspended stream that redirects those client devices from the suspended stream to an alternate one of the plurality of streams available from the computer system that encodes the same live media program that was contained in the suspended stream but with different encoding parameters than the suspended stream.

12. The computer system of claim 11 wherein segments of the streams are delivered in response to HTTP requests received from client devices.

13. The computer system of claim 12 wherein the adapting comprises responding to the HTTP requests for the segments of suspended streams by providing an HTTP code as part of the message.

14. The computer system of claim 13 wherein the HTTP code indicates the alternate stream for the same content contained in the suspended stream to thereby allow the client device to automatically request segments of the alternate stream instead of the suspended stream.

15. A data processing system comprising:

an encoding system configured to produce a plurality of streams of a live media program in real time as the live media program is received by the encoding system, wherein each of the plurality of streams represents a copy of the same live media program encoded using a different encoding parameter;

a multicast delivery system configured to provide multicast delivery of the plurality of streams to each of a plurality of clients, to monitor the multicast delivery of the plurality of streams, and to provide feedback about the monitored delivery of the plurality of media streams; and

a resource management system configured to receive the feedback about the monitored delivery of the plurality of media streams and, responsive to the feedback, to adapt the number of the plurality of media streams representing the media program that are encoded by the multicast delivery system by suspending the encoding of at least some of the media streams and by providing messages to the clients that previously received suspended streams, wherein the messages redirect those clients from the suspended stream to an alternate one of the plurality of streams available from the multicast delivery system that continues to encode the same live media program that was contained in the suspended stream, but with different encoding parameters than the suspended stream.

16. The data processing system of claim 15 wherein the feedback describes demand for each of the plurality of media streams representing the media program, and wherein the resource management system is configured to adapt the plurality of media streams by directing the multicast delivery system to temporarily suspend the encoding of streams of the media program having demand below a threshold.

17. The data processing system of claim 16 wherein the streams are delivered in response to HTTP requests received from clients, wherein the multicast delivery system suspends delivery of the streams having demand below the threshold by responding to the HTTP requests with an HTTP code in the message indicating that the suspended stream is no longer available, and wherein the HTTP code indicates the alternate stream for the same content contained in the suspended stream to thereby allow the clients to automatically request segments of the alternate stream instead of the suspended stream from the multicast delivery system.