Side-facing vehicle charging system

• US 9,718,367 B2
• Filed: 08/29/2013
• Issued: 08/01/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 08/30/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Proterra Operating Co., Inc.
• Original Assignee: Proterra AG
• Inventors: Shah, Keyur, McGrath, Seamus, Gottschalk, Marc, Walker, Michael C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tso, Edward
• Assistant Examiner(s): OMAR, AHMED H
• Application Number:
  US14/420,872
• Publication Number:
  US 20150314695A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,433 Days
• Field of Search: 320109
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/10 Air crafts
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/12 Bikes
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/18 Buses
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/26 Rail vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/36 Vehicles designed to transport cargo, e.g. trucks
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/70 Interactions with external data bases, e.g. traffic centres
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 5/36 with means for collecting current simultaneously from more than one conductor, e.g. from more than one phase
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 5/42 for collecting current from individual contact pieces connected to the power supply line
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/20 using propulsion power generated by humans or animals
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/11 DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/16 Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/32 by charging in short intervals along the itinerary, e.g. during short stops
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/68 Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 16/033 characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries for propulsion puposes B60K1/04; supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles B60S5/06; testing of charge state G01R31/36
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 : Remote or cooperative charging

Abstract

A vehicle charging system comprises a plurality of retractable conductor bars in a housing of a vehicle. The plurality of conductor bars includes a positive conductor bar and a negative conductor bar. Individual conductor bars of the plurality are electrically isolated from one another. The vehicle charging system further comprises a charging system having a receiver mounted on a support structure. The receiver comprises a plurality of electrical contact members in electrical communication with a power source. The receiver is configured to bring individual conductor bars of the plurality in contact with the electrical contact members for charging an energy storage device of the vehicle.

Claims

1. A charging system for an electric bus, comprising:

(a) the electric bus including a side-facing charging interface positioned proximate a roof of the bus, the charging interface including;

a housing having an opening facing towards a side of the bus; and

a plurality of charge-receiving electrodes positioned in the housing, wherein the plurality of charge-receiving electrodes are moveable with respect to the side of the bus;

(b) a charging station, the charging station including;

a charge head attached to a stationary surface of the charging station at a pivot, wherein the charge head is rotatable about the pivot; and

a plurality of charging electrodes positioned in the charge head; and

(c) a control system configured to detect the bus approaching the charging station, and based at least on the detection;

rotate the charge head about the pivot to align the plurality of charging electrodes with the plurality of charge-receiving electrodes; and

automatically decrease a distance between the charge head and the housing to engage the plurality of charging electrodes with the plurality of charge-receiving electrodes.

2. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the electric bus further includes a lid hinged on the housing and covering the opening, wherein the lid is configured to rotate about the hinge to expose the opening, and wherein the plurality of charge-receiving electrodes are moveable away from the side of the electric bus.

3. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the control system is further configured to regulate the flow of electric current from the charging station to the bus.

4. The charging system of claim 1, wherein a number of charging electrodes is equal to a number of charge-receiving electrodes, and wherein the plurality of charge-receiving electrodes are rotatable with respect to the side of the bus.

5. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of charging electrodes are spring loaded electrodes.

6. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of charge-receiving electrodes includes a pilot electrode that is configured to detect a discrepancy in charging.

7. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the charging interface is positioned on a curb-side fairing of the bus, and wherein the electrodes of the charging interface may rotate about an axis normal to the direction of travel of the bus.

8. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of charging electrodes includes conductive brushes.

9. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the control system is configured to rotate the charge head about an axis normal to the direction of travel of the bus.

10. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the control system is configured to detect the approaching bus using RFID.

11. A method of charging an electric bus at a charging station, wherein the bus includes a side-facing charging interface positioned proximate its roof, wherein the charging interface comprises electrodes, wherein the electrodes are moveable with respect to the side of the bus, and the charging station includes a charge head attached to a stationary surface of the charging station at a pivot, wherein the charge head is configured to engage with the charging interface to charge the bus, the method comprising:

using a control system to detect the bus as it approaches the charging station;

automatically rotating the charge head about the pivot to align the charge head with the charging interface of the bus; and

automatically decreasing a distance between the charge head and the charging interface to engage electrodes of the charge head with electrodes of the charging interface.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the automatically rotating includes rotating the charge head about an axis normal to the direction of travel of the bus, and wherein the electrodes of the charging interface are moveable away from the side of the bus.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the charging interface includes a hinged lid that covers the electrodes of the charging interface, wherein the electrodes of the charging interface are rotatable about an axis normal to the direction of travel of the bus, and wherein the control system is configured to automatically open the lid prior to automatically decreasing the distance.

14. The method of claim 11, further including activating charging the bus after engaging the electrodes of the charge head with the electrodes of the charging interface.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein detecting the bus includes identifying the bus using RFID.

16. A charging system for an electric bus, comprising:

(a) the electric bus including a side-facing charging interface positioned proximate a roof of the bus, the charging interface including;

a housing having an opening facing a curb-side of the bus;

a lid hinged on the housing and covering the opening; and

a plurality of charge-receiving electrodes positioned in the housing and covered by the lid, wherein the charge-receiving electrodes are moveable with respect to the side of the bus;

(b) a charging station, the charging station including;

a charge head attached to a stationary surface of the charging station at a pivot, wherein the charge head is rotatable about the pivot; and

a plurality of charging electrodes positioned in the charge head; and

(c) a control system configured to automatically (i) open the lid of the bus to expose the plurality of charge-receiving electrodes, (i) rotate the charge head about the pivot to align the plurality of charging electrodes with the plurality of charge-receiving electrodes, and (ii) decrease a distance between the charge head and the charging interface to engage the plurality of charging electrodes with the plurality of charge-receiving electrodes.

17. The charging system of claim 16, wherein the control system is further configured to regulate the flow of electric current from the charging station to the bus.

18. The charging system of claim 16, wherein a number of charging electrodes is equal to a number of charge-receiving electrodes, and wherein the charge-receiving electrodes are moveable away from the side of the bus.

19. The charging system of claim 16, wherein the plurality of charging electrodes are spring loaded electrodes, and wherein the charge-receiving electrodes are rotatable with respect to the side of the bus.

20. The charging system of claim 16, wherein the plurality of charge-receiving electrodes includes a pilot electrode that is configured to detect a discrepancy in charging.