Recharging of battery electric vehicles on a smart electrical grid system

• US 9,718,371 B2
• Filed: 06/30/2011
• Issued: 08/01/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Mejia, Irgelkha, Ruegger, Nicholas J., Young, Yvonne M., Anglin, Howard N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Chen, George
• Application Number:
  US13/174,227
• Publication Number:
  US 20130006677A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,224 Days
• Field of Search: 705 11, 705 711- 742, 705400-418, 705 5- 6
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/26 Rail vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/62 Vehicle position
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/54 Energy consumption estimation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/32 by charging in short intervals along the itinerary, e.g. during short stops
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 15/02 electric
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 5/00 Systems for regulating electric variables by detecting deviations in the electric input to the system and thereby controlling a device within the system to obtain a regulated output
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/02 Reservations, e.g. for tickets, services or events
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/0631 Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/06 Energy or water supply
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00016 using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00017 using optical fiber
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/007 Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources for providing uninterruptable power supply H02J9/00
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/0075 for providing alternative feeding paths between load and source according to economic or energy efficiency considerations, e.g. economic dispatch
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0013 acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially H02J7/1423 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/221 : General power management systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 : Remote or cooperative charging
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/124 : using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses

Abstract

A computer program product for recharging a number of battery electric vehicles includes computer usable program code. The computer usable program code is configured to receive, from the number of battery electric vehicles that are to recharge at a number of recharging stations, usage data. The usage data includes a current charge level, a current location, and a planned itinerary that includes a destination. The computer usable program code is configured to determine anticipated electrical loads in the number of sectors of the electrical grid system based on the usage data of the number of battery electric vehicles. The computer usable program code is configured to redistribute the electrical supply on the electrical grid system to at least one recharging station of the number of recharging stations based on the anticipated electrical loads, prior to actual usage defined by the usage data by the number of battery electrical vehicles.

Claims

1. A computer program product for recharging a number of battery electric vehicles, the computer program product comprising:

a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having computer usable program code embodied therewith, the computer usable program code comprising a computer usable program code configured to;

receive from the number of battery electric vehicles that are to recharge at a number of recharging stations of an electrical grid system usage data that comprises a current charge level, a current location, and a planned itinerary that includes a destination;

determine anticipated electrical loads at the number of recharging stations of the electrical grid system based on the usage data of the number of battery electric vehicles;

redistribute, by a power generator in response to receiving a communication including the anticipated electrical loads from a control module in a remote server, an electrical supply on the electrical grid system to at least one recharging station of the number of recharging stations based on the anticipated electrical loads, prior to actual usage defined by the usage data by the number of battery electric vehicles; and

transmit to at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles, a recommended recharging station among the number of recharging stations for actual usage by the at least one battery electric vehicle, wherein actual usage of the recommended recharging station by the at least one battery electric vehicle provides a more even distribution of the anticipated electrical loads on the electrical grid system than actual usage of a recharging station that is closest to the current location, wherein the recommended recharging station has more recharge capacity than the recharging station that is closest to the current location of the at least one battery electric vehicle.

2. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the computer usable program code is configured to dynamically vary charge rates for recharging at the number of recharging stations based on the anticipated electrical loads of the electrical grid system, wherein the charge rates are variable across the number of recharging stations.

3. The computer program product of claim 2, wherein the computer usable program code is configured to:

determine an anticipated charge rate for recharging at the number of recharging stations for at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles for the planned itinerary for the at least one battery electric vehicle, wherein the anticipated charge rate is based on the charge rates being dynamically varied based on the anticipated electrical loads; and

transmit the anticipated charge rate to at least one of a device of the at least one battery electric vehicle and a mobile device associated with a driver of the at least one battery electric vehicle.

4. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the recommended recharging station is based on an environmental condition that comprises at least one of traffic, geographical terrain, and weather.

5. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein recommendation of the recommended recharging station is derived from the recommended recharging station providing a quickest recharge time in comparison to others of the number of recharging stations.

6. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the computer usable program code is configured to:

receive, through a network communication, an electronic token from at least one of a mobile device of an operator of at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles and a device associated with the at least one battery electric vehicle; and

responsive to receiving the electronic token, reserve a reserve spot at the number of recharging stations to recharge the at least one battery electric vehicle, wherein the reserving of the spot is for a guaranteed time period based on a monetary value of the electronic token and is unrestricted with regard to a recharging station of the number of recharging stations where the reserve spot is located.

7. An apparatus for recharging battery electric vehicles, the apparatus comprising:

a processor; and

a control module executable on the processor, the control module configured to;

receive from a number of battery electric vehicles that are to recharge at a number of recharging stations of an electrical grid system, usage data that includes a current charge level, a current location, and a planned itinerary that includes a destination;

determine anticipated electrical loads at the number of recharging stations of the electrical grid system based on the usage data of the number of battery electric vehicles;

redistribute, by a power generator in response to receiving a communication including the anticipated electrical loads from a control module in a remote server, an electrical supply on the electrical grid system to at least one recharging station of the number of recharging stations based on the anticipated electrical loads, prior to actual usage defined by the usage data by the number of battery electric vehicles; and

transmit to at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles, a recommended recharging station among the number of recharging stations for actual usage by the at least one battery electric vehicle, wherein actual usage of the recommended recharging station by the at least one battery electric vehicle provides a more even distribution of the anticipated electrical loads on the electrical grid system than actual usage of the recharging station that is closest to the current location, wherein the recommended recharging station has more recharge capacity than the recharging station that is closest to the current location of the at least one battery electric vehicle.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the control module is further configured to dynamically vary charge rates for recharging at the number of recharging stations based on the anticipated electrical loads of the electrical grid system, wherein the charge rates are variable across the number of recharging stations.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the control module is further configured to:

determine an anticipated charge rate for recharging at the number of recharging stations for at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles for the planned itinerary for the at least one battery electric vehicle, wherein the anticipated charge rate is based on the charge rates being dynamically varied based on the anticipated electrical loads; and

transmit the anticipated charge rate to at least one of a device of the at least one battery electric vehicle and a mobile device associated with a driver of the at least one battery electric vehicle.

10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the recommended recharging station is based on an environmental condition that comprises at least one of traffic, geographical terrain, and weather.

11. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein recommendation of the recommended recharging station is based, at least in part, on the recommended recharging station providing a quickest recharge time in comparison to others of the number of recharging stations.

12. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the control module is further configured to:

receive, through a network communication, an electronic token from at least one of a mobile device of an operator of at least one battery electric vehicle of the number of battery electric vehicles and a device associated with the at least one battery electric vehicle; and

responsive to receiving the electronic token, reserve a reserve spot at the number of recharging stations to recharge the at least one battery electric vehicle, wherein the reserving of the spot is for a guaranteed time period based on a monetary value of the electronic token and is unrestricted with regard to a recharging station of the number of recharging stations where the reserve spot is located.