Electric vehicle and charging system for electric vehicle

• US 9,718,374 B2
• Filed: 12/31/2012
• Issued: 08/01/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 12/31/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: BYD Company Limited
• Original Assignee: BYD Company Limited, Shenzhen BYD Auto R&D Company Limited
• Inventors: Liang, Qiyuan, Tang, Zheqing, Du, Zhiyong, Tang, Fu, Zhao, Jun
• Primary Examiner(s): Berhanu, Samuel
• Assistant Examiner(s): RANKINE, TARIKH KANEM
• Application Number:
  US14/370,043
• Publication Number:
  US 20140368170A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,674 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/003 to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/006 to power outlets
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/12 Buck converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/14 Boost converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/42 Voltage source inverters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/527 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/529 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/547 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/549 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/12 by confirmation, e.g. of the input
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/22 Standstill, e.g. zero speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/26 Transition between different drive modes
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/147 electro magnetic [EMI]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/20 Inrush current reduction, i.e. avoiding high currents when connecting the battery
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/003 relating to inverters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0046 relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0069 relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/51 : characterised by AC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/52 : characterised by DC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/60 : using power supplied by batteries in combination with fuel cells B60L50/75
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/11 : DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 : Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/16 : Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/18 : Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/20 : characterised by converters located in the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/22 : Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/24 : Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/60 : Monitoring or controlling charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 : Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/10 : for monitoring or controlling batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 : responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/25 : by controlling the electric load
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/20 : Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/40 : adapted for charging from various sources, e.g. AC, DC or multivoltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 : for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/322 : the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 5/00 : Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks H02J3/36 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0036 : using connection detecting circuits H02J7/0034 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0063 : with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0068 : Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply H02J7/0013 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 : in response to battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007194 : of the battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/02 : for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/342 : The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/0034
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/345 : using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/542 : the information being in digital form
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/92 : Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 : Remote or cooperative charging
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A charging system for an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle are provided. The charging system comprises: a power battery; a charge-discharge socket; a bidirectional DC/DC module having a first DC terminal connected with a first terminal of the power battery and a second DC terminal connected with a second terminal of the power battery; a bidirectional DC/AC module having a first DC terminal connected with the second terminal of the power battery and a second DC terminal connected with the first terminal of the power battery; a charge-discharge control module having a first terminal connected with the AC terminal of the bidirectional DC/AC module and a second terminal connected with the charge-discharge socket; and a controller module connected with the charge-discharge control module, and configured to control the charge-discharge control module according to a current operation mode of the charging system.

Claims

1. A charging system for an electric vehicle, comprising:

a power battery;

a charge-discharge socket;

a bidirectional DC/DC module having a first DC terminal connected with a first terminal of the power battery and a second DC terminal connected with a second terminal of the power battery, wherein the first DC terminal is a common DC terminal for an input to and an output from the bidirectional DC/DC module;

a bidirectional DC/AC module having a first DC terminal connected with the second terminal of the power battery and a second DC terminal connected with the first terminal of the power battery;

a charge-discharge control module having a first terminal connected with the AC terminal of the bidirectional DC/AC module and a second terminal connected with the charge-discharge socket;

a controller module connected with the charge-discharge control module, and configured to control the charge-discharge control module according to a current operation mode of the charging system;

a driving control switch having a first terminal connected with the second terminal of the power battery and a second terminal connected with a third DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module;

a motor control switch having a first terminal connected with an AC terminal of the bidirectional DC/AC module and a second terminal connected with a motor,

wherein the controller module is further connected with the driving control switch and the motor control switch respectively, and further configured to control the driving control switch and the motor control switch according to the current operation mode of the charging system; and

a leakage current reducing module connected between the first DC terminal and the third DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module,

wherein the leakage current reducing module comprises;

a second capacitor and a third capacitor, in which the second capacitor has a first terminal connected with a first terminal of the third capacitor and a second terminal connected with the third DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module, the third capacitor has a second terminal connected with the first DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module, and a second node is defined between the second capacitor and the third capacitor;

a filtering module connected between the bidirectional DC/AC module and the charge-discharge control module; and

a filtering control module connected between the second node and the filtering module, in which when the current operation mode of the charging system is the driving mode, the controller module controls the filtering control module to turn off.

2. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the controller module is further configured to detect a charging induction signal and to determine that a charging connection is successful and the charging system enters a charging mode when the charging induction signal is lower than a predetermined value for a predetermined time period.

3. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein when the current operation mode of the charging system is a driving mode, the controller module controls the driving control switch to turn on to stop the bidirectional DC/DC module, controls the motor control switch to turn on, and controls the charge-discharge control module to turn off.

4. The charging system according to claim 3, wherein when the current operation mode of the charging system is a charge-discharge mode, the controller module controls the driving control switch to turn off to start the bidirectional DC/DC module, controls the motor control switch to turn off, and controls the charge-discharge control module to turn on.

5. The charging system according to claim 1, further comprising:

a first pre-charging control module having a first terminal connected with the second terminal of the power battery and a second terminal connected with the second DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module, and configured to pre-charge a first capacitor in the bidirectional DC/DC module and a bus capacitor connected between the first DC terminal and the third DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module.

6. The charging system according to claim 5, wherein the first pre-charging control module comprises:

a first switch having a first terminal connected with the second DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module;

a first resistor having a first terminal connected with a second terminal of the first switch and a second terminal connected with the second terminal of the power battery; and

a second switch, connected in parallel with the first resistor and the first switch which are connected in series,

wherein when the charging system starts, the controller module controls the first switch to turn on to pre-charge the capacitor in the bidirectional DC/DC module and the bus capacitor; and

when a voltage across the bus capacitor is a predetermined multiple of a voltage of the power battery, the controller module controls the first switch to turn off and controls the second switch to turn on.

7. The charging system according to claim 5, wherein the bidirectional DC/DC module comprises:

a first switching transistor and a second switching transistor connected in series, and connected between the first DC terminal and the third DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module, and controlled by the controller module, in which a first node is defined between the first switching transistor and the second switching transistor;

a first diode connected with the first switching transistor in inverse-parallel;

a second diode connected with the second switching transistor in inverse-parallel;

a first inductor having a first terminal connected with the first node and a second terminal connected with the second terminal of the power battery; and

the first capacitor having a first terminal connected with the second terminal of the first inductor and a second terminal connected with the first terminal of the power battery.

8. The charging system according to claim 1, further comprising:

an EMI-filter module connected between the charge-discharge socket and the charge-discharge control module.

9. The charging system according to claim 8, further comprising:

a second pre-charging control module connected with the charge-discharge control module in parallel and configured to pre-charge a capacitor in the filtering module,

wherein when the charging system enters the charging mode, the controller module controls the filtering control module to turn on and controls the second pre-charging control module to pre-charge the capacitor in the filtering module until a voltage across the capacitor in the filtering module reaches a predetermined threshold, and then the controller module controls the second pre-charging control module to turn off and controls the charge-discharge control module to turn on.

10. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the charge-discharge control module comprises:

a three-phase switch and/or a single-phase switch configured to implement a three-phase charge-discharge or a single-phase charge-discharge.

11. An electric vehicle comprising a charging system, wherein the charging system comprises:

a power battery;

a charge-discharge socket;

a bidirectional DC/DC module having a first DC terminal connected with a first terminal of the power battery and a second DC terminal connected with a second terminal of the power battery, wherein the first DC terminal is a common DC terminal for an input to and an output from the bidirectional DC/DC module;

a bidirectional DC/AC module having a first DC terminal connected with the second terminal of the power battery and a second DC terminal connected with the first terminal of the power battery;

a charge-discharge control module having a first terminal connected with the AC terminal of the bidirectional DC/AC module and a second terminal connected with the charge-discharge socket;

a controller module connected with the charge-discharge control module, and configured to control the charge-discharge control module according to a current operation mode of the charging system;

a driving control switch having a first terminal connected with the second terminal of the power battery and a second terminal connected with a third DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module;

a motor control switch having a first terminal connected with an AC terminal of the bidirectional DC/AC module and a second terminal connected with a motor,

wherein the controller module is further connected with the driving control switch and the motor control switch respectively, and further configured to control the driving control switch and the motor control switch according to the current operation mode of the charging system; and

a leakage current reducing module connected between the first DC terminal and the third DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module,

wherein the leakage current reducing module comprises;

a second capacitor and a third capacitor, in which the second capacitor has a first terminal connected with a first terminal of the third capacitor and a second terminal connected with the third DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module, the third capacitor has a second terminal connected with the first DC terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC module, and a second node is defined between the second capacitor and the third capacitor;

a filtering module connected between the bidirectional DC/AC module and the charge-discharge control module; and

a filtering control module connected between the second node and the filtering module, in which when the current operation mode of the charging system is the driving mode, the controller module controls the filtering control module to turn off.