Passive architectures for batteries having two different chemistries
First Claim
1. A 12 volt automotive battery system, comprising:
- a first battery configured to be directly coupled to an electrical system, wherein the first battery comprises a first battery chemistry; and
a second battery electrically coupled in parallel with the first battery, wherein;
the second battery is configured to be directly coupled to the electrical system;
the second battery comprises a second battery chemistry with a higher coulombic efficiency than the first battery chemistry; and
the first battery and the second battery are non-voltage matched such that a first voltage range of the second battery is higher than and does not overlap with a second voltage range of the first battery, wherein;
the second voltage range of the first battery comprises open circuit voltages of the first battery between 0-100% state of charge, wherein a first open circuit voltage of the first battery is 11.2 volts when the first battery is at 0% state of charge and 12.9 volts when the first battery is at 100% state of charge; and
the first voltage range of the second battery comprises open circuit voltages of the second battery between 0-100% state of charge, wherein a second open circuit voltage of the second battery is 13.2 volts when the second battery is at 0% state of charge and 16.4 volts when the second battery is at 100% state of charge;
wherein the first battery is configured to steer electrical power generated during regenerative braking to the second battery using internal resistance of the first battery to enable the second battery to capture a majority of the electrical power generated during regenerative braking, and the second battery is configured to provide electrical power to the electrical system due to the first voltage range of the second battery being higher than the second voltage range of the first battery when the second battery has a non-zero state of charge.
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Abstract
A 12 volt automotive battery system includes a first battery directly coupled to an electrical system, in which the first battery includes a first battery chemistry, and a second battery coupled in parallel with the first battery and directly coupled to the electrical system, in which the second battery includes a second battery chemistry with a higher coulombic efficiency than the first battery chemistry. The first battery and the second battery are non-voltage matched such that a voltage range of the second battery is higher than a voltage range of the first battery. The first battery steers power generated during regenerative braking to the second battery using internal resistance of the first battery to enable the second battery to capture a majority of the power generated during regenerative braking, and the second battery provides power to the electrical system due to the higher voltage range of the second battery when the second battery has a positive state of charge.
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Citations
25 Claims
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1. A 12 volt automotive battery system, comprising:
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a first battery configured to be directly coupled to an electrical system, wherein the first battery comprises a first battery chemistry; and a second battery electrically coupled in parallel with the first battery, wherein; the second battery is configured to be directly coupled to the electrical system; the second battery comprises a second battery chemistry with a higher coulombic efficiency than the first battery chemistry; and the first battery and the second battery are non-voltage matched such that a first voltage range of the second battery is higher than and does not overlap with a second voltage range of the first battery, wherein; the second voltage range of the first battery comprises open circuit voltages of the first battery between 0-100% state of charge, wherein a first open circuit voltage of the first battery is 11.2 volts when the first battery is at 0% state of charge and 12.9 volts when the first battery is at 100% state of charge; and the first voltage range of the second battery comprises open circuit voltages of the second battery between 0-100% state of charge, wherein a second open circuit voltage of the second battery is 13.2 volts when the second battery is at 0% state of charge and 16.4 volts when the second battery is at 100% state of charge; wherein the first battery is configured to steer electrical power generated during regenerative braking to the second battery using internal resistance of the first battery to enable the second battery to capture a majority of the electrical power generated during regenerative braking, and the second battery is configured to provide electrical power to the electrical system due to the first voltage range of the second battery being higher than the second voltage range of the first battery when the second battery has a non-zero state of charge. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. A method for operating a 12 volt automotive battery system, comprising:
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maintaining a first battery substantially at a full state of charge by controlling operation of an electrical system using a battery control unit before electrical power is generated during regenerative braking, wherein the first battery is directly coupled to the electrical system and comprises a first battery chemistry; steering the electrical power generated during regenerative braking to a second battery using internal resistance of the first battery, wherein; the second battery is coupled directly to the electrical system in parallel with the first battery; the second battery comprises a second battery chemistry with a higher coulombic efficiency than the first battery chemistry and the first battery and the second battery are non-voltage matched such that a first voltage range of the second battery is higher than and does not overlap with a second voltage range of the first battery, wherein; the second voltage range of the first battery comprises open circuit voltages of the first battery between 0-100% state of charge, wherein a first open circuit voltage of the first battery is 11.2 volts when the first battery at 0% state of charge and 12.9 volts when the first battery is at 100% state of charge; and the first voltage range of the second battery comprises open circuit voltage of the second battery between 0-100% state of charge, wherein a second open circuit voltage of the second battery is 13.2 volts when the second battery is at 0% state of charge and 16.4 volts when the second battery is at 100% state of charge; capturing a majority of the electrical power generated during regenerative braking using the second battery; and providing electrical power to the electrical system with the second battery due to the first voltage range of the second battery being higher than the second voltage range of the first battery when the second battery has a non-zero state of charge. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A method for operating a 12 volt automotive battery system, comprising:
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maintaining a first battery at a less than full state of charge before regenerative braking by controlling operation of an electrical system using a battery control unit to facilitate increasing storage capacity utilization of a second battery coupled in parallel with the first battery, wherein; the first battery comprises a first battery chemistry; and the second battery comprises a second battery chemistry with a higher coulombic efficiency than the first battery chemistry; maintaining the second battery at a threshold voltage before regenerative braking by controlling operation of the electrical system using the battery control unit; generating electrical power during regenerative braking; and supplying the electrical power generated during regenerative braking to the second battery with a voltage greater than open circuit voltage of the first battery at full state of charge to enable charging the second battery up to 100% state of charge. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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Specification