System and method for analyzing the effectiveness of an application to a crop

• US 9,719,973 B2
• Filed: 01/05/2015
• Issued: 08/01/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 01/05/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Deere & Company
• Original Assignee: Deere & Company
• Inventors: Wilcox, Timothy A., Pickett, Terence D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Toatley, Gregory J
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kay, Douglas
• Application Number:
  US14/589,347
• Publication Number:
  US 20160195505A1
• Time in Patent Office: 939 Days
• Field of Search: 702 2
• CPC Class Codes: A01B 79/005 Precision agriculture
• CPC Class Codes: A01C 21/005 Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
• CPC Class Codes: A01C 21/007 Determining fertilization requirements
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/3563 for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/0098 Plants or trees wood G01N33/46
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/02 Agriculture; Fishing; Forestry; Mining

Abstract

In accordance with an example embodiment, a system is presented for collecting information about a crop to analyze the general health the crop relative to corresponding information from a previous information collection process. To ensure an optimal harvest, a field is typically treated with multiple material application steps. Starting with seed application, the system collects visual information and corresponding positioning data. With each subsequent application (e.g., fertilizer, pesticide, etc.), the information collection process is repeated. The new information is compared to corresponding information from a previous application step, such that the effectiveness of the prior application can be revealed.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the effectiveness of an agricultural application, the method comprising:

capturing, by a data capture device associated with a ground vehicle, sensor data that comprises image data of a crop at a particular location or a particular zone within a field;

determining, by a location-determining device, the particular location or a location identifier;

receiving, at a processing unit, the sensor data and crop application parameters for the crop at the particular location or the particular zone within the field, wherein present crop data comprises the received sensor data and crop application parameters;

storing, by the processing unit, prior crop data in a data storage device, prior crop data comprising a subset of the sensor data and the crop application parameters;

searching, by the processing unit, the data storage device to locate the stored prior crop data corresponding to the present crop data and corresponding to an agricultural application for the crop at the particular location or the particular zone;

retrieving, by the processing unit, the prior crop data from the data storage device; and

facilitating, by the processing unit, an analysis to determine the effectiveness of the agricultural application with respect to plant growth, plant health or killing weeds within the crop, wherein the analysis includes a comparison by pixel color of green and brown pixels of the image data of the present crop data to the prior crop data to determine variation between present and prior images within a given area of the images, wherein the comparison comprises counting pixels within the given area of the collected image data and distinguishing the pixels according to pixel color by color differentiation, the pixels from the particular location or the particular zone of the present crop data compared against the same particular location or the same particular zone of the prior crop data, and wherein the image data of present crop data and prior crop data are captured from the same locations and same angles during passes of the vehicle to collect the image data.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the counting produces properties relating to plant height, leaf size, plant type, and plant health.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of:

the sensor data and the crop application parameters are received from an applicator machine.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the crop application parameters include an application identifier.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the crop application parameters include application rate and coverage area.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the sensor data comprises a numeric representation of a two-dimensional image.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the sensor data comprises at least one of:

a digital image, a thermal image, infrared image, and a NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) image.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the prior application data includes information relating to a plurality of prior applications.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the crop application parameters are received based on a data capture event.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the data capture event is invoked by at least one of:

operator action, a predefined time, a predefined time interval, coordinates of an applicator machine, predefined coordinates, and position of an applicator machine.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the effectiveness of the agricultural application includes a metric relating to at least one of:

plant growth, plant appearance, and plant health.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of:

the processing unit and the storage device is implemented within at least one of;

an applicator machine, a drivable vehicle, a pilotable vehicle, a remotely controlled vehicle and an autonomous vehicle.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the crop application parameters include location data.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the search parameter is a unique location identifier retrieved from the location data.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the location data is received from a satellite location system.

16. A method for assessing the effectiveness of an agricultural application of a herbicide, the method comprising:

capturing, by a data capture device associated with a ground vehicle, sensor data that comprises image data of a crop at a particular location or a particular zone within a field;

determining, by a location-determining device, the particular location or a location identifier;

receiving, at a processing unit, the sensor data and crop application parameters for the crop at the particular location or the particular zone within the field, wherein present crop data comprises the received sensor data and crop application parameters;

storing, by the processing unit, prior crop data in a data storage device, prior crop data comprising a formatted subset of the sensor data and the crop application parameters;

searching, by the processing unit, the data storage device to locate the stored prior crop data corresponding to the present crop data and corresponding to an agricultural application for the crop at the particular location or the particular zone;

retrieving, by the processing unit, the prior crop data from the data storage device; and

facilitating, by the processing unit, an analysis to determine the effectiveness of the agricultural application with respect to plant health or killing weeds within the crop, wherein the analysis includes a comparison by pixel color of green and brown pixels of the image data of the present crop data to the prior crop data to determine variation between present and prior images within a given area of the images, wherein the general health of an agricultural plant or a weed may be determined by way of color differentiation process between an image element from a first image and an image element of a second image, when each image occupies the same general coordinates, and where a first image may include a group of plants that are identified as being healthy due to the number of green pixels occupying certain image coordinates, and a second image may contain brown pixels within the same image coordinates indicative that the application of the herbicide was effective in killing weeds within the crop.