Battery state estimating device and battery state estimating method

• US 9,720,046 B2
• Filed: 07/19/2011
• Issued: 08/01/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 07/20/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Umeki, Shiho, Tazoe, Kazuhiko, Nakamura, Hideo
• Primary Examiner(s): Henson, Mischita
• Assistant Examiner(s): LIAO, CHRISTINE Y
• Application Number:
  US13/810,532
• Publication Number:
  US 20130116954A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,205 Days
• Field of Search: 702 63
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/367 Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3842 combining voltage and current measurements
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 17/00 Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions information retrieval, database structures or file system structures therefor G06F16/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A battery state estimating device being one aspect of the present invention detects a current and a terminal voltage of a secondary battery, estimates a terminal voltage of the secondary battery which is based on a predetermined battery model by using measured values I(k) and V(k) respectively of the detected current and the detected terminal voltage, and sequentially identifies a parameter φ^(k) of the battery model in such a way that the difference between a value based on the measured value of the terminal voltage and an estimate value of the terminal voltage converges to zero. Then, when a certain parameter φ_n in the identified parameter is equal to or larger than a predetermined first threshold δ1, the battery state estimating device performs upper limit processing of setting the value of the certain parameter φ_n to the first threshold δ1.

Claims

1. A battery state estimating device for estimating a battery state of a secondary battery, the device comprising:

a current sensor configured to detect a current flowing through the secondary battery;

a voltage sensor configured to detect a terminal voltage of the secondary battery;

a current detecting control unit configured to determine a measured current value based on the current detected by the current sensor;

a voltage detecting control unit configured to determine a measured voltage value based on the terminal voltage detected by the voltage sensor;

an identification calculation control unit configured to;

estimate a terminal voltage of the secondary battery, which is based on a battery model of the secondary battery, as an estimated voltage value on the basis of the measured current value and the measured voltage value with the battery model defined as shown in Formula (17) where the measured voltage value is V, the measured current value is I, s is a differential operator, and A(s) and B(s) are polynomial functions of the differential operator s, and

perform a sequential identification calculation of sequentially identifying parameters of the battery model in such a way that a difference between a value based on the measured voltage value and the estimated voltage value converges to zero; and

a limit processing control unit configured to;

determine whether, among the parameters identified by the identification calculation control unit, a highest-degree term parameter corresponding to a coefficient of a term with the highest degree in a polynomial s·

A(s) of the Formula (17) is equal to or larger than a predetermined first threshold,

perform upper limit processing of setting a value of the highest-degree term parameter to the first threshold when the highest-degree term parameter is equal to or larger than the first threshold, and

estimate a state of the secondary battery using the highest-degree term parameter after performing the upper limit processing

2. The battery state estimating device according to claim 1, further comprising an open circuit voltage estimating control unit configured to estimate an open circuit voltage of the secondary battery on the basis of the parameters identified by the identification calculation control unit, wherein

the open circuit voltage estimating control unit is configured to estimate the open circuit voltage by using a value subjected to the upper limit processing by the limit processing control unit as the highest-degree term parameter among the parameters identified by the identification calculation control unit.

3. The battery state estimating device according to claim 2, wherein the identification calculation control unit is further configured to perform the sequential identification calculation of the parameters by using, as the highest-degree term parameter, a value before being subjected to the upper limit processing.

4. The battery state estimating device according to claim 1, further comprising an initializing control unit configured to:

judge whether the highest-degree term parameter is equal to or larger than a second threshold larger than the first threshold, and

execute initialization processing to cause the identification calculation control unit to perform the sequential identification calculation by using a predetermined initial value when the highest-degree term parameter is equal to or larger than the second threshold.

5. The battery state estimating device according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor configured to detect a battery temperature of the secondary battery, wherein the limit processing control unit is configured to set the first threshold based on the detected battery temperature.

6. The battery state estimating device according to claim 4, further comprising a temperature sensor configured to detect a battery temperature of the secondary battery, wherein the initializing control unit is configured to set the second threshold based on the detected battery temperature.

7. The battery state estimating device according to claim 5, wherein the limit processing control unit is further configured to set the first threshold to a larger value as the detected battery temperature becomes lower.

8. The battery state estimating device according to claim 6, wherein the initializing control unit is further configured to set the second threshold to a larger value as the detected battery temperature becomes lower.

18. The battery state estimating device according to claim 1, further comprising an electronic control unit comprising the current detecting control unit, the voltage detecting control unit, the identification calculation control unit, and the limit processing control unit.

9. A method for estimating a state of a battery comprising:

sensing a current flowing through a secondary battery;

sensing a terminal voltage of the secondary battery;

determining a measured current value based on the current sensed;

determining a measured voltage value based on the terminal voltage sensed;

estimating a terminal voltage of the secondary battery which is based on a battery model of the secondary battery, as an estimated voltage value on the basis of the measured current value and the measured voltage value, with the battery model defined as shown in the Formula (18) where the measured voltage value is V, the measured current value is I, s is a differential operator, and A(s) and B(s) are polynomial functions of the differential operator s;

sequentially identifying parameters of the battery model in such a way that a difference between a value based on the measured voltage value and the estimated voltage value converges to zero;

determining whether, among the identified parameters, a highest-degree term parameter corresponding to a coefficient of a term with the highest degree in a polynomial s·

A(s) of the Formula (18) is equal to or larger than a predetermined first threshold;

performing upper limit processing of setting a value of the highest-degree term parameter to the first threshold when the highest-degree term parameter is equal to or larger than the first threshold; and

estimating a state of the secondary battery using the highest-degree term parameter after performing the upper limit processing

10. The method according to claim 9, further comprising estimating an open circuit voltage of the secondary battery using a value subjected to the upper limit processing as the highest-degree term parameter among the identified parameters.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein when the parameters of the battery model are sequentially identified, the sequential identification calculation of the parameters is performed by using, as the highest-degree term parameter, a value before being subjected to the upper limit processing.

12. The method according to claim 9, further comprising determining whether the highest-degree term parameter is equal to or larger than a second threshold larger than the first threshold, wherein the sequential identification calculation of the parameters is performed by using a predetermined initial value when the highest-degree term parameter is equal to or larger than the second threshold.

13. The method according to claim 9, wherein the first threshold is set depending on a battery temperature.

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the second threshold is set depending on a battery temperature.

15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the first threshold is set to a larger value as the battery temperature becomes lower.

16. The method according to claim 14, wherein the second threshold is set to a larger value as the battery temperature becomes lower.

17. A battery state estimating device comprising:

current sensing means for sensing a current flowing through a secondary battery;

voltage sensing means for sensing a terminal voltage of the secondary battery;

current detecting means for determining a measured current value based on the current sensed by the current sensing means;

voltage detecting means for determining a measured voltage value based on the terminal voltage sensed by the voltage sensing means;

identification calculation means for;

estimating a terminal voltage of the secondary battery, which is based on a battery model of the secondary battery, as an estimated voltage value on the basis of the measured current value and the measured voltage value with the battery model defined as shown in Formula (19) where the measured voltage value is V, the measured current value is I, s is a differential operator, and A(s) and B(s) are polynomial functions of the differential operator s, and

performing a sequential identification calculation of sequentially identifying parameters of the battery model in such a way that a difference between a value based on the measured voltage value and the estimated voltage value converges to zero; and

limit processing means for;

determining whether, among the parameters identified, a highest-degree term parameter corresponding to a coefficient of a term with the highest degree in a polynomial s·

A(s) of the Formula (19) is equal to or larger than a predetermined first threshold,

performing upper limit processing of setting a value of the highest-degree term parameter to the first threshold when the highest-degree term parameter is equal to or larger than the first threshold, and

estimating a state of the secondary battery using the highest-degree term parameter after performing the upper limit processing