Creation and usage of radio maps for cloud-based control of self organizing networks

• US 9,723,510 B1
• Filed: 08/26/2016
• Issued: 08/01/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 08/26/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nokia Solutions and Networks OY (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Xcellair, Inc. (InterDigital, Inc.)
• Inventors: Beluri, Miki, Freda, Martino, Dai, Yuying, Gauvreau, Jean-Louis, Murray, Joe
• Primary Examiner(s): Tacsik, Ernest
• Application Number:
  US15/249,177
• Time in Patent Office: 340 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/26 using historical data, averaging values or statistics
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/27 for locating or positioning the transmitter
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/318 Received signal strength
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 24/02 Arrangements for optimising operational condition
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 24/10 Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

The present application is directed to wireless communication networks. More specifically, the present application is directed to creation and usage of radio maps for cloud-based control of self-organizing networks. Methods for localizing elements in a wireless network are provided. Methods for operating a wireless communication network. Apparatuses configured to operate within a wireless communication network are provided. Apparatuses configured to operate within a wireless communication network are provided.

Claims

1. A method for localizing elements in a wireless network, comprising:

generating a radio map by;

defining a matrix of pixels;

identifying an initial device pixel of the matrix of pixels as a known location for each initial device of a plurality of initial devices;

for each straight-line path between two initial device pixels;

measuring a signal strength of a communication between two initial devices associated with the two initial device pixels;

determining an attenuation factor associated with the straight-line path based at least in part on the measured signal strength of the communication between the two initial devices, and

assigning a color to each pixel traversed by the straight-line path based at least in part on the attenuation factor;

determining a plurality of estimated locations for a second device based at least in part on received signal strengths of communications between the second device and each of a subset of the plurality of initial devices; and

identifying a second pixel of the matrix of pixels as a selected location of the second device based at least in part on an accuracy value associated with each of the plurality of estimated locations.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising assigning a color to each pixel traversed by each straight-line path between the second device pixel and each initial device pixel based at least in part on an attenuation factor associated with the selected location of the second device.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the plurality of estimated locations for the second device comprises:

for each respective initial device of the subset of the plurality of initial devices;

determining a plurality of estimated distances from the respective initial device to the second device, each estimated distance determined based at least in part on a received signal strength of a communication between the second device and the respective initial device and a different attenuation factor of the straight-line path between the second device and the respective initial device, and

determining a plurality of location regions, each based at least in part on one of the plurality of estimated distances from the respective initial device to the second device; and

determining a respective estimated location of the plurality of estimated locations based on an overlap of at least one location region associated with each initial device of the subset of the plurality of initial devices.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the accuracy value associated with each of the plurality of estimated locations based at least in part on, for each estimated location of the plurality of estimated locations, comparisons of attenuation factors associated with straight-line paths between the estimated location and each of the plurality of initial devices with attenuation factors associated with the color of each pixel traversed by the straight-line paths.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the second pixel of the matrix of pixels as the selected location of the second device is further based at least in part on a received signal strength of a communication between the second device and at least one initial device not utilized in determining the plurality of estimated locations for the second device.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of initial devices comprise three initial devices.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of initial devices comprise a plurality of located access points, each having a known location and wherein the second device is not a located access point and does not have a known location.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

adjusting a size of each pixel of the matrix of pixels based at least in part on at least one of;

a level of signal traffic in a portion of the radio map,

a network measurement provided within a predetermined interval of time from locations corresponding to the portion of the radio map, or

a desired granularity of information indicated in the radio map.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the plurality of estimated locations for the second device further comprises dynamically adjusting at least one parameter of a path loss model configured to determine the plurality of estimated locations.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving a communication configuring an event to be monitored;

configuring measurements to be made by the second device based at least in part on the event to be monitored;

receiving measurements taken by the second device based on the configuring;

determining occurrence of the event based at least in part on the received measurements from the second device and the radio map indicating the selected location of the second device;

transmitting a notification indicating the occurrence of the event; and

reconfiguring at least one communication parameter of the second device based at least in part on the occurrence of the event.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

identifying a portion of the radio map for additional metrics to be collected;

based at least in part on the identifying the portion of the radio map for additional metrics to be collected, performing one or more of;

transmitting a first message instructing the second device at a location corresponding to the portion of the radio map to provide the additional metrics, and

transmitting a second message instructing a user of the second device to;

physically move the second device within the location;

or

identify locations of one or more obstructions, walls, doors or windows within the portion of the radio map.

12. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

selecting a communication channel for the second device based at least in part on the radio map.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving an indication of a location of a new access point;

updating the radio map based at least in part on the indication of the location of the new access point;

receiving at least one measurement from the new access point;

refining the location of the new access point based at least in part on the at least one measurement from the new access point; and

updating the radio map based at least in part on the refined location.

14. An apparatus configured to operate within a wireless communication network, the apparatus comprising:

a processor configured to generate a radio map by;

defining a matrix of pixels;

identifying an initial device pixel of the matrix of pixels as a known location for each initial device of a plurality of initial devices;

for each straight-line path between two initial device pixels;

measuring a signal strength of a communication between two initial devices associated with the two initial device pixels,

determining an attenuation factor associated with the straight-line path based at least in part on the measured signal strength of the communication between the two initial devices, and

assigning a color to each pixel traversed by the straight-line path based at least in part on the attenuation factor;

determining a plurality of estimated locations for a second device based at least in part on received signal strengths of communications between the second device and each of a subset of the plurality of initial devices; and

identifying a second pixel of the matrix of pixels as a selected location of the second device based at least in part on an accuracy value associated with each of the plurality of estimated locations.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor, in generating the radio map, is further configured to assign a color to each pixel traversed by each straight-line path between the second pixel and each initial device pixel based at least in part on an attenuation factor associated with the selected location of the second device.

16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor, in generating the radio map, determines the plurality of estimated locations for the second device by:

for each respective initial device of the subset of the plurality of initial devices;

determining a plurality of estimated distances from the respective initial device to the second device, each estimated distance determined based at least in part on a received signal strength of a communication between the second device and the respective initial device and a different attenuation factor of the straight-line path between the second device and the respective initial device, and

determining a plurality of location regions, each based at least in part on a respective one of the plurality of estimated distances from the respective initial device to the second device; and

determining a respective estimated location of the plurality of estimated locations based on an overlap of at least one location region associated with each initial device of the subset of the plurality of initial devices.

17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor, in generating the radio map, is further configured to determine the accuracy value associated with each of the plurality of estimated locations based at least in part on, for each estimated location of the plurality of estimated locations, comparisons of attenuation factors associated with straight-line paths between the estimated location and each of the plurality of initial devices with attenuation factors associated with the color of each pixel traversed by the straight-line paths.

18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to base identifying the second pixel of the matrix of pixels as the selected location of the second device at least in part on a received signal strength of a communication between the second device and at least one initial device not utilized in determining the plurality of estimated locations for the second device.

19. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the plurality of initial devices comprise 3 initial devices.

20. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the plurality of initial devices comprise a plurality of located access points, each having a known location and wherein the second device is not a located access point and does not have a known location.

21. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to adjust a size of each pixel of the matrix of pixels based at least in part on at least one of:

a level of signal traffic in a portion of the radio map, a network measurement provided within a predetermined interval of time from locations corresponding to the portion of the radio map, or a desired granularity of information indicated in the radio map.

22. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein, in determining the plurality of estimated locations for the second device, the processor is further configured to dynamically adjust at least one parameter of a path loss model configured to determine the plurality of estimated locations.

23. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to:

receive a communication configuring an event to be monitored;

configure measurements to be made by the second device based at least in part on the event to be monitored;

receive measurements taken by the second device based on the configuring;

determine occurrence of the event based at least in part on the received measurements from the second device and the radio map indicating the selected location of the second device;

transmit a notification indicating the occurrence of the event; and

reconfigure at least one communication parameter of the second device based at least in part on the occurrence of the event.

24. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to:

identify a portion of the radio map for additional metrics to be collected;

based at least in part on the identifying the portion of the radio map for additional metrics to be collected, perform one or more of;

transmitting a first message instructing the second device at a location corresponding to the portion of the radio map to provide the additional metrics, and

transmitting a second message instructing a user of the second device to;

physically move the second device within the location;

or

identify locations of one or more obstructions, walls, doors or windows within the portion of the radio map.

25. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor is configured to select a communication channel for the second device based at least in part on the radio map.

26. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to:

receive an indication of a location of a new access point;

update the radio map based at least in part on the indication of the location of the new access point;

receive at least one measurement from the new access point;

refine the location of the new access point based at least in part on the at least one measurement from the new access point; and

update the radio map based at least in part on the refined location.