Respiration processor
First Claim
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1. A method of calculating respiratory rates, the method comprising:
- receiving, by a processor, an acoustic signal from an acoustic respiratory sensor coupled with a medical patient;
estimating, by the processor, first respiratory rates from the acoustic signal using a first frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal;
estimating, by the processor, second respiratory rates from the acoustic signal using a second frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal, the second frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal derived from samples of the acoustic signal sensed over a longer period of time than samples of the acoustic signal used to derive the first frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal;
calculating, by the processor, first confidence values associated with the first respiratory rates based at least in part on a comparison between first harmonic energy and first total energy in frequency spectrums of the first frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal, the first harmonic energy comprising energy of one or more harmonics in the frequency spectrums;
calculating, by the processor, second confidence values associated with the second respiratory rates based at least in part on a comparison between second harmonic energy and second total energy in frequency spectrums of the second frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal, the second harmonic energy comprising energy of one or more harmonics in the frequency spectrums;
generating, by the processor, a point cloud including the first respiratory rates and the second respiratory rates;
selecting, by the processor, overall respiratory rates from the first respiratory rates and the second respiratory rates based at least in part on comparisons between the first confidence values and the second confidence values and comparisons between trends in the first respiratory rates in the point cloud and trends in the second respiratory rates in the point cloud; and
outputting, by the processor, the overall respiratory rates to a display for presentation on the display;
wherein at least some of the same set of samples of the acoustic signal are used to estimate the first respiratory rates and the second respiratory rates and to calculate the first confidence values and the second confidence values.
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Abstract
Respiratory rate can be calculated from an acoustic input signal using time domain and frequency domain techniques. Confidence in the calculated respiratory rate can also be calculated using time domain and frequency domain techniques. Overall respiratory rate and confidence values can be obtained from the time and frequency domain calculations. The overall respiratory rate and confidence values can be output for presentation to a clinician.
850 Citations
32 Claims
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1. A method of calculating respiratory rates, the method comprising:
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receiving, by a processor, an acoustic signal from an acoustic respiratory sensor coupled with a medical patient; estimating, by the processor, first respiratory rates from the acoustic signal using a first frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal; estimating, by the processor, second respiratory rates from the acoustic signal using a second frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal, the second frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal derived from samples of the acoustic signal sensed over a longer period of time than samples of the acoustic signal used to derive the first frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal; calculating, by the processor, first confidence values associated with the first respiratory rates based at least in part on a comparison between first harmonic energy and first total energy in frequency spectrums of the first frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal, the first harmonic energy comprising energy of one or more harmonics in the frequency spectrums; calculating, by the processor, second confidence values associated with the second respiratory rates based at least in part on a comparison between second harmonic energy and second total energy in frequency spectrums of the second frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal, the second harmonic energy comprising energy of one or more harmonics in the frequency spectrums; generating, by the processor, a point cloud including the first respiratory rates and the second respiratory rates; selecting, by the processor, overall respiratory rates from the first respiratory rates and the second respiratory rates based at least in part on comparisons between the first confidence values and the second confidence values and comparisons between trends in the first respiratory rates in the point cloud and trends in the second respiratory rates in the point cloud; and outputting, by the processor, the overall respiratory rates to a display for presentation on the display; wherein at least some of the same set of samples of the acoustic signal are used to estimate the first respiratory rates and the second respiratory rates and to calculate the first confidence values and the second confidence values. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
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6. A method of calculating respiratory rates, the method comprising:
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estimating, by a processor, first respiratory rates using a frequency domain representation of an acoustic signal from one or more acoustic sensors coupled with a patient, the acoustic signal reflecting physiological sounds generated by the patient; estimating, by the processor, second respiratory rates from the acoustic signal using a different technique than is used to estimate the first respiratory rate, wherein said estimating the second respiratory rates comprises using a time domain representation of the acoustic signal; assigning, by the processor, first confidence values associated with the estimated first respiratory rates; assigning, by the processor, second confidence values associated with the estimated second respiratory rates by at least; determining magnitudes of local maximums in the time domain representation of the acoustic signal, and assigning the second confidence values based at least in part on a comparison between the magnitudes of the local maximums and one or more magnitude thresholds; selecting, by the processor, overall respiratory rates based at least in part on the estimated first respiratory rates, the first confidence values, the estimated second respiratory rates, and the second confidence values by at least; fitting a first curve to the estimated first respiratory rates using the first confidence values to weight fits of the estimated first respiratory rates to the first curve, fitting a second curve to the estimated second respiratory rates using the second confidence values to weight fits of the estimated second respiratory rates to the second curve, and selecting the overall respiratory rates from the estimated first respiratory rates and the estimated second respiratory rates according at least to characteristics of the first curve and the second curve; and outputting, by the processor, the overall respiratory rates to a display for presentation on the display. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A system for calculating respiratory rates, the system comprising:
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a front-end component configured to receive acoustic signal information from one or more acoustic sensors coupled with a patient, the acoustic signal information reflecting physiological sounds generated by the patient; a frequency-domain component configured to; calculate a first set of frequency domain respiratory rates and a first set of associated frequency domain confidence values from a first frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal information, and calculate a second set of frequency domain respiratory rates and a second set of associated frequency domain confidence values from a second frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal information, the second frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal information derived from a shorter time window of the acoustic signal information than the first frequency domain representation of the acoustic signal information; a time-domain component configured to; calculate time domain respiratory rates, and calculate associated time domain confidence values from a time domain representation of the acoustic signal information by at least determining maximum frequency components in frequency spectrums of local maximums in the time domain representation of the acoustic signal information and comparing the maximum frequency components and one or more frequency thresholds; an arbitrator comprising a processor, the arbitrator configured to output overall respiratory rates and overall confidence values based at least in part on the first and second set of frequency domain respiratory rates, the first and second set of frequency domain confidence values, the time domain respiratory rates, and the time domain confidence values by at least; generating a point cloud including the first and second set of frequency domain respiratory rates and the time domain respiratory rates, and using the point cloud, comparing trends in the first set of frequency domain respiratory rates, trends in the second set of frequency domain respiratory rates, and trends in the time domain respiratory rates to determine the overall respiratory rates; and a display configured to present the overall respiratory rates; wherein the frequency-domain component is configured to calculate the first and second set of frequency domain respiratory rates and the first and second set of associated frequency domain confidence values using at least some of the same set of samples of the acoustic signal information that the time-domain component uses to calculate the time domain respiratory rates and the associated time domain confidence values. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. A system for calculating respiratory rates, the system comprising:
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first and second respiration components configured to receive an acoustic signal from one or more acoustic sensors coupled with a patient, the acoustic signal reflecting physiological sounds generated by the patient; the first respiration component configured to estimate first respiratory rates from the acoustic signal and assign first confidence values associated with the estimated first respiratory rates; the second respiration component configured to; estimate second respiratory rates from the acoustic signal using a time domain representation of the acoustic signal and using a different technique than is used to estimate the first respiratory rates, and assign second confidence values associated with the estimated second respiratory rates based at least in part on frequency spectral densities of energy in frequency spectrums of local maximums in the time domain representation of the acoustic signal; an arbitrator comprising a processor, the arbitrator configured to select overall respiratory rates based at least in part on the estimated first respiratory rates, the first confidence values, the estimated second respiratory rates, and the second confidence values by at least; fitting a first curve to the estimated first respiratory rates and a second curve to the estimated second respiratory rates, computing goodness-of-fits for the first curve and the second curve, determining scores for the estimated first respiratory rates and the estimated second respiratory rates based at least in part on the computed goodness-of-fits for the first curve and the second curve, the scores being indicative of qualities of the estimated first respiratory rates and the estimated second respiratory rates, and in response to determining that at least one of the estimated first respiratory rates and at least one of the estimated second respiratory rates have the same score, selecting respiratory rates having highest associated confidence values as the overall respiratory rates; and a display configured to present the overall respiratory rates. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32)
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Specification