Solid storage media charging with ammonia for use in selective catalytic reduction

• US 9,724,685 B2
• Filed: 05/28/2014
• Issued: 08/08/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 12/02/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cummins Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Cummins Incorporated
• Inventors: Yezerets, Aleksey, Osburn, Andrew W., Kamasamudram, Krishna, Currier, Neal W., Frazier, Timothy R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Dunn, Colleen
• Application Number:
  US14/288,526
• Publication Number:
  US 20140271389A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,168 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/2062 Ammonia
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/90 Injecting reactants
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/94 by catalytic processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/9409 Nitrogen oxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 38/08 using ammonia or derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2610/02 the substance being ammonia or urea
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2610/06 the substance being in the gaseous form
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2610/10 the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/2066 Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
• CPC Class Codes: F01P 2060/18 Heater
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 50/20 Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

There is disclosed method and systems for charging a depleted or spent solid storage media with gaseous ammonia.

Claims

1. A method, comprising:

introducing into a cartridge containing a solid storage media a quantity of gaseous ammonia diluted in a cooled carrier gas to charge the solid storage media with ammonia, wherein the cartridge is used in an exhaust aftertreatment system and the ammonia is released from the cartridge to treat exhaust gas emissions.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising controlling heating of the storage media with the flow rate of the carrier gas and the concentration of ammonia in the carrier gas while introducing the ammonia into the cartridge.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising storing the ammonia as an ammonium salt and introducing the quantity of ammonia includes decomposing the ammonium salt to yield ammonia gas for introduction into the carrier gas.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein decomposing the ammonium salt yields ammonia gas and carbon dioxide, each of which are introduced to the solid storage media.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein decomposing the ammonium salt yields ammonia gas and carbon dioxide, and further comprising separating the carbon dioxide from the ammonia gas before introducing the ammonia gas into the solid storage media.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein the ammonium salt is selected from the group consisting of:

ammonium carbamate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, and ammonium acetate.

7. A method, comprising:

introducing into a spent solid storage media contained within a storage media cartridge a quantity of ammonia sufficient to charge the solid storage media with ammonia; and

cooling the outside of the storage media cartridge with a cooling system of a vehicle to which the ammonia media cartridge is mounted while introducing the quantity of ammonia.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the cooling system of the vehicle includes a cooling fluid circulated through a heat exchanger.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein during operation of the vehicle the cooling system of the vehicle is operable to heat the solid storage media in the cartridge with cooling fluid heated by the vehicle to release ammonia from the solid storage media.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein introducing the quantity of ammonia include introducing gaseous ammonia diluted by a carrier gas into the cartridge.

11. A method, comprising:

saturating a spent solid storage media of a storage media cartridge with molecules; and

exposing the saturated storage media to a dry gas containing ammonia to displace the adsorbed molecules with ammonia, wherein the heat of desorption of the molecules offsets the heat of adsorption of the ammonia.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the molecules are water molecules adsorbed from air.

13. A method, comprising:

storing a compound containing ammonia in a bound form;

separating the compound to obtain a stream of ammonia gas; and

charging a spent storage media of a cartridge with the stream of ammonia gas to charge the storage media with ammonia, wherein the cartridge is part of an exhaust treatment system, wherein the ammonia gas is separated from the carbon dioxide before charging the spent storage media of the cartridge with the ammonia gas.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the compound with bound ammonia is ammonium carbamate and the ammonium carbamate is decomposed to yield a gas stream of ammonia and carbon dioxide.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein gas stream is applied directly to the spent storage media to saturate the spent storage media with the ammonia gas.