Gradual oxidation with flue gas
First Claim
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1. A method for oxidizing fuel comprising:
- determining an oxygen content level within a reaction chamber having an inlet and an outlet and configured to gradually oxidize a fuel, in a gas mixture, without a catalyst;
outputting instructions to introduce flue gas, received from the outlet of the reaction chamber and containing product gases from oxidation of the fuel within the reaction chamber, into the reaction chamber based on the determined oxygen content level;
calculating an adiabatic temperature of the gas mixture;
determining when the adiabatic temperature exceeds or is equal to a flameout temperature of the gas mixture;
when the adiabatic temperature exceeds or is equal to the flameout temperature, regulating an introduction of the flue gas such that an internal temperature within the reaction chamber does not exceed the flameout temperature; and
when the adiabatic temperature is below the flameout temperature, regulating the introduction of the flue gas such that the internal temperature within the reaction chamber exceeds an autoignition temperature within the reaction chamber.
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Abstract
Described herein are embodiments of systems and methods for oxidizing gases. In some embodiments, a reaction chamber is configured to receive a fuel gas and maintain the gas at a temperature within the reaction chamber that is above an autoignition temperature of the gas. The reaction chamber may also be configured to maintain a reaction temperature within the reaction chamber below a flameout temperature. In some embodiments, heat and product gases from the oxidation process can be used, for example, to drive a turbine, reciprocating engine, and injected back into the reaction chamber.
379 Citations
23 Claims
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1. A method for oxidizing fuel comprising:
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determining an oxygen content level within a reaction chamber having an inlet and an outlet and configured to gradually oxidize a fuel, in a gas mixture, without a catalyst; outputting instructions to introduce flue gas, received from the outlet of the reaction chamber and containing product gases from oxidation of the fuel within the reaction chamber, into the reaction chamber based on the determined oxygen content level; calculating an adiabatic temperature of the gas mixture; determining when the adiabatic temperature exceeds or is equal to a flameout temperature of the gas mixture; when the adiabatic temperature exceeds or is equal to the flameout temperature, regulating an introduction of the flue gas such that an internal temperature within the reaction chamber does not exceed the flameout temperature; and when the adiabatic temperature is below the flameout temperature, regulating the introduction of the flue gas such that the internal temperature within the reaction chamber exceeds an autoignition temperature within the reaction chamber. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 15)
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10. A method for oxidizing fuel comprising:
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determining at least one of (i) an oxygen content level within the reaction chamber having an inlet and an outlet and configured to gradually oxidize a fuel, in a gas mixture, without a catalyst and (ii) an inlet temperature of the gas mixture at the reaction chamber inlet; based on at least one of (i) the determined oxygen content level and (ii) the inlet temperature, introducing flue gas, received from the outlet of the reaction chamber and containing heated product gases from oxidation of the fuel within the reaction chamber, into the reaction chamber when at least one of (a) the determined oxygen content level is approaching or beyond a predetermined threshold and (b) the inlet temperature is (i) higher than and approaching or (ii) below an autoignition temperature of the fuel; calculating an adiabatic temperature of the gas mixture; determining when the adiabatic temperature exceeds or is equal to a flameout temperature of the gas mixture; when the adiabatic temperature exceeds or is equal to the flameout temperature, regulating an introduction of the flue gas such that an internal temperature within the reaction chamber does not exceed the flameout temperature; and when the adiabatic temperature is below the flameout temperature, regulating the introduction of the flue gas such that the internal temperature within the reaction chamber exceeds an autoignition temperature within the reaction chamber. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14)
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16. A method for oxidizing fuel comprising:
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determining, with a processor, an oxygen content level within the reaction chamber having an inlet and an outlet and configured to gradually oxidize a fuel, in a gas mixture, without a catalyst; and based on the determined oxygen content level, introducing flue gas, received from the outlet of the reaction chamber and containing heated product gases from oxidation of the fuel within the reaction chamber, into the reaction chamber; calculating an adiabatic temperature of the gas mixture; determining when the adiabatic temperature exceeds or is equal to a flameout temperature of the gas mixture; when the adiabatic temperature exceeds or is equal to the flameout temperature, regulating an introduction of the flue gas such that an internal temperature within the reaction chamber is reduced; and when the adiabatic temperature is below the flameout temperature, regulating the introduction of the flue gas such that the internal temperature within the reaction chamber exceeds an autoignition temperature within the reaction chamber. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A method for oxidizing fuel, comprising:
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in a first reaction chamber, with an inlet and an outlet, that is configured to maintain a gradual oxidation process without a catalyst, determining when an inlet temperature of a gas mixture, comprising an oxidizable fuel, at the reaction chamber inlet drops below an autoignition temperature of the fuel; and when the inlet temperature is determined to drop below the autoignition temperature of the fuel, increasing the inlet temperature of the gas mixture by introducing flue gas, comprising at least partially oxidized product gas from the reaction chamber, into the gas mixture at or near the inlet; calculating an adiabatic temperature of the gas mixture; determining when the adiabatic temperature exceeds or is equal to a flameout temperature of the gas mixture; when the adiabatic temperature exceeds or is equal to the flameout temperature, regulating an introduction of the flue gas such that an internal temperature within the reaction chamber is reduced; and when the adiabatic temperature is below the flameout temperature, regulating the introduction of the flue gas such that the internal temperature within the reaction chamber exceeds an autoignition temperature within the reaction chamber.
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Specification