Plasma panel based ionizing-particle radiation detector

• US 9,726,768 B2
• Filed: 09/25/2012
• Issued: 08/08/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 04/20/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Integrated Sensors, LLC
• Original Assignee: Integrated Sensors, LLC
• Inventors: Friedman, Peter S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Small, Naomi
• Application Number:
  US13/626,053
• Publication Number:
  US 20130068956A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,778 Days
• Field of Search: 340600
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4258 for detecting non x-ray radiation, e.g. gamma radiation A61B6/037 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/1087 Ions; Protons
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1075 for testing, calibrating, or quality assurance of the radiation treatment apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: G01T 1/26 with resistance detectors photoresistors H01L31/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01T 1/2935 using ionisation detectors
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 47/08 Geiger-Müller counter tubes gas filling with very short deionisation times H01J17/64, H01T
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 31/115 Devices sensitive to very short wavelength, e.g. X-rays, gamma-rays or corpuscular radiation

Abstract

A position-sensitive ionizing-particle radiation counting detector includes a first substrate and a second substrate generally parallel to the first substrate and forming a gap with the first substrate, with a discharge gas contained within the gap. The detector includes a first electrode electrically coupled to the second substrate, and a second electrode electrically coupled to the first electrode and defining at least one pixel with the first electrode. The detector further includes an open dielectric structure pattern layered over one of the first or second electrodes and a current-limiting quench resistor coupled in series to one of the first or second electrodes. The detector further includes a power supply coupled to one of the first or second electrodes and a first discharge event detector circuitry coupled to the one of the first or second electrodes for detecting a gas discharge counting event in the electrode.

Claims

1. A position-sensitive ionizing-particle radiation counting detector comprising:

a first substrate;

a second substrate generally parallel to said first substrate and forming a gap with said first substrate;

a discharge gas contained within said gap;

at least one first electrode electrically coupled to said second substrate;

at least one second electrode electrically coupled to the first electrode and defining at least one pixel with the first electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are in direct contact with the discharge gas;

a patterned dielectric barrier structure, forming a plurality of cells, layered over and directly coupled, without an intervening dielectric layer, to at least one of said first or second electrodes, the patterned dielectric barrier structure directly coupled to both the first and the second substrates, and in direct contact with the discharge gas;

a current-limiting quench resistor coupled in series to at least one of said first or second electrodes;

a power supply coupled to at least one of the first or second electrodes;

a first discharge event detector circuitry coupled to at least one of the first or second electrodes for detecting a gas discharge counting event in the electrode;

a plurality of pixels defined by said electrodes, each pixel capable of outputting a gas discharge counting event upon interaction with ionizing-particles, wherein each gas discharge pulse is counted as having approximately an equal value; and

circuitry for detecting if a gas discharge counting event pulse is output from the pixels, and for counting each gas discharge pulse as an individual event;

wherein the dielectric barrier structure is configured to localize each gas discharge counting event to one of the plurality of cells.

2. The radiation counting detector of claim 1, wherein an amount of detected ionizing-particle radiation is based on a total count of individual events.

3. The radiation counting detector of claim 1, further comprising a hermetic seal coupled to said first and second substrates.

4. The radiation counting detector of claim 1, wherein said power supply is a direct current (DC) power supply.

5. The radiation counting detector of claim 1, wherein a gas discharge between the first and second electrodes is a surface-discharge shape.

6. The radiation counting detector of claim 1, wherein a gas discharge between the first and second electrodes is a columnar-discharge shape.

7. The radiation counting detector of claim 1, wherein said dielectric barrier structure comprises a matrix of vertical wall barriers.

8. The radiation counting detector of claim 1, wherein at least one of said substrates is an ultra-thin substrate.

9. The radiation counting detector of claim 1, further comprising at least one current-limiting quench resistor coupled in series with each of said pixels.

10. A position-sensitive ionizing-particle radiation counting detector comprising:

a first substrate;

a second substrate generally parallel to said first substrate and forming a gap with said first substrate;

a discharge gas contained within said gap;

at least one first electrode electrically coupled to said second substrate;

at least one second electrode electrically coupled to said first electrode and defining at least one pixel with said first electrode, wherein said first electrode is a Y-electrode and said second electrode is an X-electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are in direct contact with the discharge gas;

a patterned dielectric barrier structure, forming a plurality of cells, layered over and directly coupled, without an intervening dielectric layer, to at least one of said X- or Y-electrodes, the patterned dielectric barrier structure directly coupled to both the first and the second substrates, and in direct contact with the discharge gas;

a current-limiting quench resistor coupled in series to at least one of said X- or Y-electrodes;

a direct current power supply coupled to at least one of said X- or Y-electrodes;

a first discharge event detector circuitry coupled to at least one of said X- or Y-electrodes for detecting a gas discharge counting event in said electrode;

a plurality of pixels defined by said electrodes, each pixel capable of outputting a gas discharge counting event pulse upon interaction with ionizing-particles, wherein each gas discharge pulse is counted as having an approximately equal value; and

circuitry for detecting if a gas discharge counting event pulse is output from the pixels, and for counting each gas discharge pulse as an individual event;

wherein the dielectric barrier structure is configured to localize each gas discharge counting event to one of the plurality of cells.

11. The radiation counting detector of claim 10, wherein an amount of detected ionizing-particle radiation is based on a total count of individual events.

12. The radiation counting detector of claim 10, further comprising a hermetic seal coupled to said first and second substrates.

13. The radiation counting detector of claim 10, wherein said dielectric barrier structure comprises a matrix of vertical wall barriers.

14. The radiation counting detector of claim 10, wherein a gas discharge between said X- and Y-electrodes is a surface-discharge shape.

15. The radiation counting detector of claim 10, wherein a gas discharge between said X- and Y-electrodes is a columnar-discharge shape.

16. The radiation counting detector of claim 10, wherein at least one of said substrates is an ultra-thin substrate.

17. The radiation counting detector of claim 10, further comprising at least one current-limiting quench resistor coupled in series with each of said pixels.

18. A position-sensitive ionizing-particle radiation counting detector comprising:

a first substrate;

a second substrate generally parallel to said first substrate and forming a gap with said first substrate;

a discharge gas contained within said gap;

at least one first electrode electrically coupled to said second substrate;

at least one second electrode electrically coupled to said first electrode and defining at least one pixel with said first electrode, wherein said first electrode is a Y-electrode and said second electrode is an X-electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are in direct contact with the discharge gas;

a patterned dielectric barrier structure, forming a plurality of cells, layered over and directly coupled, without an intervening dielectric layer, to at least one of said X- or Y-electrodes, the patterned dielectric barrier structure directly coupled to both the first and the second substrates, and in direct contact with the discharge gas;

a current-limiting quench resistor coupled in series to at least one of said X- or Y-electrodes;

a direct current power supply coupled to at least one of said X- or Y-electrodes;

a first discharge event detector circuitry coupled to at least one of said X- or Y-electrodes for detecting a gas discharge counting event in said electrode, wherein said gas discharge between said X- and Y-electrodes is a surface-discharge shape;

a plurality of pixels defined by said electrodes, each pixel capable of outputting a gas discharge counting event pulse upon interaction with ionizing-particles, wherein each gas discharge pulse is counted as having an approximately equal value; and

circuitry for detecting if a gas discharge counting event pulse is output from the pixels, and for counting each gas discharge pulse as an individual event;

wherein the dielectric barrier structure is configured to localize each gas discharge counting event to one of the plurality of cells.

19. The radiation counting detector of claim 18, further comprising at least one current-limiting quench resistor coupled in series with each of said pixels.

20. The detector of claim 18, further comprising a third electrode coupled to said first substrate.

21. The detector of claim 20, wherein said first substrate is an ultra-thin substrate.

22. The detector of claim 18, wherein said first substrate is an ultra-thin substrate.

23. The detector of claim 18, wherein said first and second substrates are ultra-thin substrates.

24. A position-sensitive ionizing-particle radiation counting detector comprising:

a first substrate;

a second substrate generally parallel to said first substrate and forming a gap with said first substrate;

a discharge gas contained within said gap;

at least one first electrode electrically coupled to said second substrate;

at least one second electrode electrically coupled to said first electrode and defining at least one pixel with said first electrode, wherein said first electrode is a Y-electrode and said second electrode is an X-electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are in direct contact with the discharge gas;

an open dielectric structure pattern, forming a plurality of cells, layered over and directly coupled, without an intervening dielectric layer, to at least one of said X- or Y-electrodes, the patterned dielectric barrier structure directly coupled to at least one of said first or second substrates, and in direct contact with the discharge gas;

a current-limiting quench resistor coupled in series to at least one of said X- or Y-electrodes;

a direct current power supply coupled to at least one of said X- or Y-electrodes;

a first discharge event detector circuitry coupled to at least one of said X- or Y-electrodes for detecting a gas discharge counting event in said electrode, wherein said gas discharge between said X- and Y-electrodes is a columnar-discharge shape;

a plurality of pixels defined by said electrodes, each pixel capable of outputting a gas discharge counting event pulse upon interaction with ionizing-particles, wherein each gas discharge pulse is counted as having an approximately equal value; and

circuitry for detecting if a gas discharge counting event pulse is output from the pixels, and for counting each gas discharge pulse as an individual event;

wherein the dielectric structure pattern is configured to localize each gas discharge counting event to one of the plurality of cells.

25. The radiation counting detector of claim 24, further comprising at least one current-limiting quench resistor coupled in series with each of said pixels.

26. The detector of claim 24, wherein said first substrate is an ultra-thin substrate.

27. The detector of claim 24, wherein said first and second substrates are ultra-thin substrates.

28. A method of detecting ionizing-particle radiation based on a counting of gas discharge events within a discharge gas, the method comprising:

receiving ionizing-particle radiation at a first substrate coupled to a second substrate with at least one first electrode electrically coupled to said second substrate and at least one second electrode electrically coupled to said first electrode, wherein a patterned dielectric barrier structure, forming a plurality of cells, is layered over and directly coupled, without an intervening dielectric layer, to at least one of said first or second electrodes, the patterned dielectric barrier structure directly coupled to at least one of said first or second substrates, and is in direct contact with the discharge gas, and at least one pixel is defined with said first electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are in direct contact with the discharge gas;

creating at least one ion-pair in the discharge gas contained within a gas gap between the first and second substrates;

causing a gas-discharge event at a pixel site, wherein the discharge event is isolated by the dielectric barrier structure; and

counting a plurality of the events at a pulse detector coupled to either said first or second electrodes, wherein each of the events is counted as approximately an equal value;

wherein the dielectric barrier structure is configured to localize each gas discharge counting event to one of the plurality of cells.