Method for determining risk of diabetes
First Claim
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1. A method of preventing development of diabetes in a subject, comprising:
- a) measuring levels of a plurality of biomarkers in a blood sample obtained from the human subject, wherein said plurality of biomarkers comprises at least five of the following biomarkers;
glucose, adiponectin, CRP, IL2RA, ferritin, insulin and HbA1c;
b) calculating a diabetes risk score for said subject as a function of said measured levels and optionally, the subject'"'"'s age and/or gender;
c) applying the function of measured biomarker levels and optional age and/or gender of the subject to measured biomarker levels and optional age and/or gender of a human reference population to generate a risk profile associated with the reference population, the risk profile has a 95% confidence interval of a Spearman rank correlation coefficient squared (R2) that is entirely above or includes a correlation value of 0.5 with a comparative risk profile associated with the reference population generated from the formula;
D=X+0.062*Age−
0.64*Gender+1.62*GLUCOSE−
3.37*ADIPOQ+0.60*CRP+0.70*FTH1+1.35*IL2RA+0.49*INSULIN+0.26*HBA1C,wherein;
0.062*Age is subject age in years multiplied by 0.062;
0.64*Gender is subject gender, wherein female=0 and male=1, multiplied by 0.64;
1.62*GLUCOSE is the square root of the level of subject blood glucose in mg/dL, multiplied by 1.62;
3.37*ADIPOQ is the log10 of the level of subject blood adiponectin in μ
g/mL, multiplied by 3.37;
0.60*CRP is the log10 of level of subject blood CRP in mg/L, multiplied by 0.60;
0.70*FTH1 is the log10 of the level of subject blood level ferritin in ng/mL, multiplied by 0.70;
1.35*IL2RA is the log10 of the level of subject blood IL2RA in U/mL, multiplied by 1.35;
0.49*INSULIN is the log10 of the level of subject blood insulin in ulU/mL, multiplied by 0.49;
0.26*HBA1C is the level of subject blood Hb1Ac measured in as a percentage of total hemoglobin in blood multiplied by 0.26; and
X is any number.
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Abstract
A method of determining risk of diabetes is provided. In one embodiment, the method comprises: a) measuring the levels of a plurality of biomarkers in a blood samples obtained from a patient, wherein the plurality of biomarkers comprises at least five of the following biomarkers: glucose, adiponectin, CRP, IL2RA, ferritin, insulin and HbAIc; b) calculating a diabetes risk score for the patients using the levels and, optionally, patient age and/or gender. Results obtained from performing the assay on a reference population are similar or identical to those obtained using Formula I.
19 Citations
11 Claims
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1. A method of preventing development of diabetes in a subject, comprising:
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a) measuring levels of a plurality of biomarkers in a blood sample obtained from the human subject, wherein said plurality of biomarkers comprises at least five of the following biomarkers;
glucose, adiponectin, CRP, IL2RA, ferritin, insulin and HbA1c;b) calculating a diabetes risk score for said subject as a function of said measured levels and optionally, the subject'"'"'s age and/or gender; c) applying the function of measured biomarker levels and optional age and/or gender of the subject to measured biomarker levels and optional age and/or gender of a human reference population to generate a risk profile associated with the reference population, the risk profile has a 95% confidence interval of a Spearman rank correlation coefficient squared (R2) that is entirely above or includes a correlation value of 0.5 with a comparative risk profile associated with the reference population generated from the formula;
D=X+0.062*Age−
0.64*Gender+1.62*GLUCOSE−
3.37*ADIPOQ+0.60*CRP+0.70*FTH1+1.35*IL2RA+0.49*INSULIN+0.26*HBA1C,wherein; 0.062*Age is subject age in years multiplied by 0.062; 0.64*Gender is subject gender, wherein female=0 and male=1, multiplied by 0.64; 1.62*GLUCOSE is the square root of the level of subject blood glucose in mg/dL, multiplied by 1.62; 3.37*ADIPOQ is the log10 of the level of subject blood adiponectin in μ
g/mL, multiplied by 3.37;0.60*CRP is the log10 of level of subject blood CRP in mg/L, multiplied by 0.60; 0.70*FTH1 is the log10 of the level of subject blood level ferritin in ng/mL, multiplied by 0.70; 1.35*IL2RA is the log10 of the level of subject blood IL2RA in U/mL, multiplied by 1.35; 0.49*INSULIN is the log10 of the level of subject blood insulin in ulU/mL, multiplied by 0.49; 0.26*HBA1C is the level of subject blood Hb1Ac measured in as a percentage of total hemoglobin in blood multiplied by 0.26; and X is any number. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
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6. A method of preventing a human subject from developing diabetes if a categorical risk assessment associated with the human subject falls within a high risk mutually exclusive ordered risk category or a moderate risk mutually exclusive ordered risk category from among a plurality of mutually exclusive ordered risk categories consisting of high risk, moderate risk and low risk, comprising:
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a) measuring levels of a plurality of biomarkers in a sample obtained from the human subject, wherein said plurality of biomarkers comprises at least five of the following biomarkers;
glucose, adiponectin, CRP, IL2RA, ferritin, insulin and HbA1c;b) generating a categorical risk assessment associated with the human subject generated as a function of a diabetes risk score (D) using said measured levels and optionally, the subject'"'"'s age and/or gender by the formula;
D=X+0.062*Age−
0.64*Gender+1.62*GLUCOSE−
3.37*ADIPOQ+0.60*CRP+0.70*FTH1+1.35*IL2RA+0.49*INSULIN+0.26*HBA1C,wherein; 0.062*Age is subject age in years multiplied by 0.062; 0.64*Gender is subject gender, wherein female=0 and male=1, multiplied by 0.64; 1.62*GLUCOSE is the square root of the level of subject blood glucose in mg/dL, multiplied by 1.62; 3.37*ADIPOQ is the log10 of the level of subject blood adiponectin in μ
g/mL, multiplied by 3.37;0.60*CRP is the log10 of level of subject blood CRP in mg/L, multiplied by 0.60; 0.70*FTH1 is the log10 of the level of subject blood level ferritin in ng/mL, multiplied by 0.70; 1.35*IL2RA is the log10 of the level of subject blood IL2RA in U/mL, multiplied by 1.35; 0.49*INSULIN is the log10 of the level of subject blood insulin in ulU/mL, multiplied by 0.49; 0.26*HBA1C is the level of subject blood Hb1Ac measured in as a percentage of total hemoglobin in blood multiplied by 0.26; and X is any number, wherein when a plurality of categorized risk assessments from a plurality of human subjects calculated as a function of the formula is compared to a plurality of comparative categorized risk assessments from a human reference population each generated as a function of levels of at least five of;
glucose, adiponectin, CRP, IL2RA, ferritin, insulin and HbA1c associated with each human reference population subject, and optionally each human reference population subject'"'"'s age and/or gender, the plurality of comparative categorized risk assessments from the human reference population;is not independent with 95% confidence, using a chi-squared test, from the categorical risk assessments generated as a function of the formula, and each mutually exclusive ordered risk category includes a range of diabetes risk scores (D) selected such that each individual mutually exclusive ordered risk category generated by the formula includes an identical number of human subjects as a number of human reference population subjects included in a corresponding mutually exclusive ordered risk category generated as a function of the levels of at least five of;
glucose, adiponectin, CRP, IL2RA, ferritin, insulin and HbA1c associated with each human reference population subject, and optionally each human reference population subject'"'"'s age and/or gender. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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Specification