Optical coupling scheme
First Claim
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1. A waveguide structure for optical coupling, the waveguide structure comprising:
- a first waveguide embedded in a cladding of lower refractive index than the first waveguide;
a second waveguide of higher refractive index than the cladding and distanced from the first waveguide; and
an intermediate waveguide, of which at least a part is arranged between overlapping portions of the first waveguide and the second waveguide, wherein the first waveguide and the second waveguide each comprise a tapered end for coupling light into and/or out of the intermediate waveguide, the tapered ends for the first waveguide and the second waveguide forming the overlapping portions of the first waveguide and the second waveguide, and wherein the intermediate waveguide is of higher refractive index than the cladding but of lower refractive index than the first and second waveguides.
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Abstract
The present invention provides a waveguide structure for optical coupling. The waveguide structure includes a first waveguide embedded in a cladding of lower refractive index than the first waveguide, and a second waveguide of higher refractive index than the cladding and distanced from the first waveguide. The waveguide structure further includes an intermediate waveguide, of which at least a part is arranged between the first waveguide and the second waveguide. The first waveguide and the second waveguide each comprise a tapered end for coupling light into and/or out of the intermediate waveguide.
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Citations
13 Claims
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1. A waveguide structure for optical coupling, the waveguide structure comprising:
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a first waveguide embedded in a cladding of lower refractive index than the first waveguide; a second waveguide of higher refractive index than the cladding and distanced from the first waveguide; and an intermediate waveguide, of which at least a part is arranged between overlapping portions of the first waveguide and the second waveguide, wherein the first waveguide and the second waveguide each comprise a tapered end for coupling light into and/or out of the intermediate waveguide, the tapered ends for the first waveguide and the second waveguide forming the overlapping portions of the first waveguide and the second waveguide, and wherein the intermediate waveguide is of higher refractive index than the cladding but of lower refractive index than the first and second waveguides. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. A chip comprising:
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a waveguide structure for optically coupling the chip to an object having at least one waveguide, the waveguide structure comprising, a first waveguide embedded in a cladding of lower refractive index than the first waveguide; a second waveguide of higher refractive index than the cladding and distanced from the first waveguide; and an intermediate waveguide, of which at least a part is arranged between overlapping portions of the first waveguide and the second waveguide, wherein the first waveguide and the second waveguide each comprise a tapered end for coupling light into and/or out of the intermediate waveguide, the tapered ends for the first waveguide and the second waveguide forming the overlapping portions of the first waveguide and the second waveguide, and wherein the intermediate waveguide is of higher refractive index than the cladding but of lower refractive index than the first and second waveguides.
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13. A method of fabricating a waveguide structure for optical coupling, the method comprising:
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forming a first waveguide with a tapered end; embedding the first waveguide in a cladding of lower refractive index than the first waveguide; forming, in a distance to the first waveguide, a second waveguide with a tapered end; and forming an intermediate waveguide, wherein at least a part of the intermediate waveguide is formed between overlapping portions of the first waveguide and the second waveguide, wherein the tapered ends of the first and second waveguides are each configured for coupling light into and/or out of the intermediate waveguide, the tapered ends for the first waveguide and the second waveguide form the overlapping portions of the first waveguide and the second waveguide, and wherein the intermediate waveguide is of higher refractive index than the cladding but of lower refractive index than the first and second waveguides.
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Specification