Load allocation for multi-battery devices

• US 9,748,765 B2
• Filed: 02/26/2015
• Issued: 08/29/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 02/26/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Inventors: Huang, Bojun, Moscibroda, Thomas, Chandra, Ranveer, Hodges, Stephen E., Meinershagen, Julia L., Priyantha, Nissanka Arachchige Bodhi, Badam, Anirudh, Hu, Pan, Ferrese, Anthony John, Skiani, Evangelia
• Primary Examiner(s): Fureman, Jared
• Assistant Examiner(s): Pham, Duc M
• Application Number:
  US14/633,009
• Publication Number:
  US 20160254664A1
• Time in Patent Office: 915 Days
• Field of Search: 307 52
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/263 Arrangements for using multiple switchable power supplies, e.g. battery and AC G06F1/30 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/441 for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00047 with provisions for charging different types of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0013 acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially H02J7/1423 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0025 Sequential battery discharge in systems with a plurality of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0063 with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/36 Arrangements using end-cell switching
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

This document describes techniques and apparatuses of load allocation for multi-battery devices. In some embodiments, these techniques and apparatuses determine an amount of load power that a multi-battery device consumes to operate. Respective efficiencies at which the device'"'"'s multiple batteries are capable of providing power are also determined. A respective portion of load power is then drawn from each of the batteries based on their respective efficiencies.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method comprising:

determining, for a device having multiple batteries, an amount of load power being consumed by the device to operate;

determining, for at least some of the multiple batteries, an efficiency at which the battery is capable of providing power;

determining, via an algorithm and based on the respective efficiencies of at least some of the multiple batteries, an allocation of the load power to the multiple batteries effective to maximize an efficiency at which the multiple batteries power the device, the algorithm including one of a variable-weighted algorithm, a sequential algorithm, a least-resistance algorithm, or a threshold algorithm; and

drawing, from each of the multiple batteries via multiplexing circuitry and based on the determined allocation, a respective portion of the load power to power the device, the drawing of the respective portions of the load power comprising causing the multiplexing circuitry to switch, based on the determined allocation, between the multiple batteries to distribute consumption of the load power among the multiple batteries.

2. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 1, wherein at least two of the multiple batteries are heterogeneous batteries having different chemistry types or different capacities.

3. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 1, wherein a first energy density of one of the multiple batteries is different from a second energy density of another of the multiple batteries effective to permit the battery and the other to charge at different rates.

4. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 1, wherein at least two of the respective portions of the load power are different from each other.

5. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 1, wherein the respective portions of the load power are consumed by the device concurrently from the multiple batteries.

6. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 1, wherein one of the respective portions of the load power drawn from one of the multiple batteries is approximately zero Watts of the load power.

7. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 1, wherein the efficiency at which one of the multiple batteries is capable of providing power is determined based on one or more of the battery'"'"'s state-of-charge, internal resistance, age, cycle count, temperature, chemistry, circuit topology, or capacity.

8. A computer-implemented method comprising:

determining, for a device having multiple batteries, a current amount of load power being consumed by the device to operate;

estimating, for a future point in time, an expected amount of load power that the device will consume to operate;

receiving, for the multiple batteries, information concerning respective efficiencies at which the multiple batteries are capable of providing power;

determining, via an algorithm and based on the current and expected amounts of load power and the respective efficiencies, an allocation of the load power to the multiple batteries effective to maximize an efficiency at which the multiple batteries power the device until the future point in time, the algorithm including one of a variable-weighted algorithm, a sequential algorithm, a least-resistance algorithm, or a threshold algorithm; and

drawing, from each of the batteries via multiplexing circuitry and based on the determined allocation, a respective portion of the current amount of load power to for device consumption, the drawing of the respective portions of the load power comprising causing the multiplexing circuitry to switch, based on the determined allocation, between the multiple batteries to distribute consumption of the load power among the multiple batteries.

9. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 8, wherein at least two of the respective portions of the current amount of load power are different from each other.

10. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 8, wherein the information concerning respective efficiencies of the multiple batteries includes, for each of the multiple batteries, one or more of the battery'"'"'s state-of-charge, internal resistance, age, cycle count, temperature, chemistry, circuit topology, or capacity.

11. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 8, wherein at least two of the multiple batteries are heterogeneous batteries having different chemistry types or different capacities.

12. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 8, wherein a first energy density of one of the multiple batteries is different from a second energy density of another of the multiple batteries effective to permit the battery and the other to charge at different rates.

13. The computer-implemented method as described in claim 8, wherein the respective portions of the current amount of load power are drawn concurrently from the multiple batteries.

14. A system comprising:

multiple batteries configured to provide power to enable operation of the system;

switching circuitry configured to enable the power to be drawn from each of the multiple batteries;

sensing circuitry configured to measure load power consumed by the system to operate; and

a load manager configured to perform operations comprising;

determining an amount of the load power being consumed by the system;

determining, for each of the multiple batteries, a respective efficiency at which each of the multiple batteries is capable of providing power;

determining, via an algorithm and based on the respective efficiencies of the multiple batteries, an allocation of the load power to the multiple batteries effective to maximize an efficiency at which the multiple batteries power the system, the algorithm including one of a variable-weighted algorithm, a sequential algorithm, a least-resistance algorithm, or a threshold algorithm; and

distributing, based on the determined allocation, respective portions of the load power to each of the multiple batteries via multiplexing circuitry, the distribution of the respective portions of the load power comprising causing the multiplexing circuitry to switch, based on the determined allocation, between the multiple batteries to distribute consumption of the load power among the multiple batteries.

15. The system as described in claim 14, wherein the respective efficiencies for each of the multiple batteries are determined based on the amount of load power and one or more of a respective battery'"'"'s state-of-charge, internal resistance, age, cycle count, temperature, chemistry, circuit topology, or capacity.

16. The system as described in claim 14, wherein at least two of the respective portions of the distributed load power are different from each other.

17. The system as described in claim 14, wherein the respective portions of the distributed load power are drawn concurrently from a subset of the multiple batteries in accordance with the determined allocation.

18. The system as described in claim 14, wherein the multiple batteries include at least two heterogeneous batteries having different chemistry types or different capacities.

19. The system as described in claim 14, wherein:

the sequential algorithm is configured to allocate the load power such that the load power is drawn sequentially from each of the multiple batteries;

the least-resistance algorithm is configured to allocate load power based on an instantaneous power level of the load and an instantaneous respective internal resistance of each of the multiple batteries;

or

the threshold algorithm is configured to allocate the load power based on a predefined threshold for a state-of-charge or internal resistance of each of the multiple batteries.

20. The system as described in claim 14, wherein the allocation of load power is determined based on a hybrid algorithm that includes use of the variable-weighted algorithm, the sequential algorithm, or the least-resistance algorithm based on the threshold algorithm.