Amplifier with boosted peaking

• US 9,755,599 B2
• Filed: 09/17/2015
• Issued: 09/05/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 09/17/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Yuan, Xiaobin, Prasad, Mangal, Natonio, Joseph
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Khanh V
• Application Number:
  US14/857,802
• Publication Number:
  US 20170085239A1
• Time in Patent Office: 719 Days
• Field of Search: 330253, 330254, 330283, 330305, 330308
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/129 there being a feedback over the complete amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/372 Noise reduction and elimination in amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/451 the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45631 the LC comprising one or more capacitors, e.g. coupling capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45644 the LC comprising a cross coupling circuit, e.g. comprising two cross-coupled transistors
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45686 the LC comprising one or more potentiometers, which are not shunting potentiometers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45726 the LC comprising more than one switch, which are not cross coupled
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/191 Tuned amplifiers H03F3/193, H03F3/195 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/193 with field-effect devices H03F3/195 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/45197 Pl types H03F3/45224, H03F3/45251 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3036 in high-frequency amplifiers or in frequency-changers H03G3/3052, H03G3/32, H03G3/34 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 11/48 simulating reactances
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/04 Control of transmission; Equalising
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0264 Arrangements for coupling to transmission lines duplexing arrangements H04L5/14; line equalisers, line build-out devices H04L25/03878
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03878 Line equalisers; line build-out devices

Abstract

In one implementation, an amplifier comprises a load circuit comprising a plurality of inductor cells, and a drive circuit configured to receive an input signal, and to drive the load circuit based on the input signal to generate an amplified signal. The amplifier also comprises a controller configured to tune a peaking gain of the amplifier by adjusting a number of the inductor cells that are enabled.

Claims

1. An amplifier, comprising:

a load circuit comprising a plurality of inductor cells, wherein each of the inductor cells has an impedance that is higher at a first frequency than at a second frequency, the first frequency being higher than the second frequency;

a drive circuit configured to receive an input signal, and to drive the load circuit based on the input signal to generate an amplified signal; and

a controller configured to adjust a number of the inductor cells that are enabled to tune a peaking gain of the amplifier.

2. The amplifier of claim 1, wherein the inductor cells are progressively sized, and the controller is configured to increase the peaking gain by enabling progressively smaller ones of the inductor cells.

3. The amplifier of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to tune the peaking gain based on a peaking gain setting in a memory, the peaking gain setting corresponding to a number of the inductor cells to be enabled.

4. The amplifier of claim 1, wherein the plurality of inductor cells comprises a first set of inductor cells coupled to a first output of the amplifier, and a second set of inductor cells coupled to a second output of the amplifier, the load circuit further comprises a first feedback capacitor having a first tunable capacitance and coupled between the first output of the amplifier and the second set of inductor cells, and a second feedback capacitor having a second tunable capacitance and coupled between the second output of the amplifier and the first set of inductor cells, and the controller is configured to tune the first and second capacitances of the first and second feedback capacitors, respectively, to tune the peaking gain.

5. The amplifier of claim 1, wherein each of the inductor cells is configured to mimic an impedance characteristic of an inductor coil.

6. The amplifier of claim 1, wherein the plurality of inductor cells comprising a first inductor cell, a second inductor cell having a smaller size than the first inductor cell, and a third inductor cell having a smaller size than the second inductor cell, and the controller is configured to set the peaking gain of the amplifier to a first peaking gain by enabling the first inductor cell, to set the peaking gain of the amplifier to a second peaking gain by enabling the first and second inductor cells, and to set the peaking gain of the amplifier to a third peaking gain by enabling the first, second and third inductor cells, the second peaking gain being greater than the first peaking gain, and the third peaking gain begin greater than the second peaking gain.

7. The amplifier of claim 6, wherein the first inductor cell comprises a first inductor transistor, the second inductor cell comprises a second inductor transistor, and the third inductor cell comprises a third inductor transistor, the second inductor transistor having a smaller gate width than the first inductor transistor, and the third inductor transistor having a smaller gate width than the second inductor transistor.

8. An amplifier, comprising:

a load circuit comprising a resistor and a plurality of inductor cells, wherein each of the inductor cells comprises;

an inductor transistor having a drain, a gate and a source, wherein the resistor is coupled between the gate and the drain of the inductor transistor; and

a first switch configured to selectively couple the source of the inductor transistor to a supply rail;

a drive circuit configured to receive an input signal, and to drive the load circuit based on the input signal to generate an amplified signal, wherein the drive circuit is coupled to the drain of the inductor transistor of each of the inductor cells; and

a controller configured to adjust a number of the inductor cells that are enabled to tune a peaking gain of the amplifier, wherein, for each of the inductor cells, the controller is configured to turn on the respective first switch to enable the inductor cell, and to turn off the respective first switch to disable the inductor cell.

9. The amplifier of claim 8, wherein each of the inductor cells comprises:

a diode-connected transistor having a drain, a gate and a source, wherein the gate and the drain of the diode-connected transistor are tied together, and the drain of the diode-connected transistor is coupled to the drive circuit; and

a second switch configured to selectively couple the source of the diode-connected transistor to the supply rail, wherein the controller is configured to turn off the second switch to enable the inductor cell, and to turn on the second switch to disable the inductor cell.

10. The amplifier of claim 8, wherein the resistor has a tunable resistance, and the controller is further configured to tune the resistance of the resistor to tune a frequency of the peaking gain.

11. The amplifier of claim 8, wherein the load circuit further comprises a capacitor having a tunable capacitance, the capacitor is coupled between the source and the gate of the inductor transistor in each of the inductor cells, and the controller is further configured to tune the capacitance of the capacitor to tune a frequency of the peaking gain.

12. The amplifier of claim 8, wherein the inductor transistor in each of the inductor cells comprises a p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (PMOS) transistor.

13. A method for tuning a peaking gain of an amplifier, comprising:

receiving an input signal;

driving a load circuit of the amplifier based on the received input signal to generate an amplified signal, the load circuit comprising a plurality of inductor cells, wherein each of the inductor cells has an impedance that is higher at a first frequency than at a second frequency, the first frequency being higher than the second frequency; and

tuning the peaking gain of the amplifier by adjusting a number of the inductor cells that are enabled.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the inductor cells are progressively sized, and tuning the peaking gain comprises increasing the peaking gain by enabling progressively smaller ones of the inductor cells.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein tuning the peaking gain is based on a peaking gain setting in a memory, the peaking gain setting corresponding to a number of the inductor cells to be enabled.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein the plurality of inductor cells comprises a first set of inductor cells coupled to a first output of the amplifier, and a second set of inductor cells coupled to a second output of the amplifier, the load circuit further comprises a first feedback capacitor having a first tunable capacitance and coupled between the first output of the amplifier and the second set of inductor cells, and a second feedback capacitor having a second tunable capacitance and coupled between the second output of the amplifier and the first set of inductor cells, and tuning the peaking gain further comprises tuning the first and second capacitances of the first and second feedback capacitors, respectively.

17. A method for tuning a peaking gain of an amplifier, comprising:

receiving an input signal;

driving a load circuit of the amplifier based on the received input signal to generate an amplified signal, the load circuit comprising a resistor and a plurality of inductor cells, wherein each of the inductor cells comprises an inductor transistor having a drain, a gate and a source, the resistor is coupled between the gate and the drain of the inductor transistor in each of the inductor cells; and

tuning the peaking gain of the amplifier by adjusting a number of the inductor cells that are enabled, wherein tuning the peaking gain comprises enabling each one of the number of the inductor cells by coupling the source of the respective inductor transistor to a supply rail.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the resistor has a tunable resistance, and the method further comprises tuning a frequency of the peaking gain by tuning the resistance of the resistor.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the load circuit further comprises a capacitor having a tunable capacitance, the capacitor is coupled between the source and the gate of the inductor transistor in each of the inductor cells, and the method further comprises tuning a frequency of the peaking gain by tuning the capacitance of the capacitor.

20. An apparatus for tuning a peaking gain of an amplifier, comprising:

means for receiving an input signal;

means for driving a load circuit of the amplifier based on the received input signal to generate an amplified signal, the load circuit comprising a plurality of inductor cells, wherein each of the inductor cells has an impedance that is higher at a first frequency than at a second frequency, the first frequency being higher than the second frequency; and

means for tuning the peaking gain of the amplifier by adjusting a number of the inductor cells that are enabled.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the inductor cells are progressively sized, and the means for tuning the peaking gain comprises means for increasing the peaking gain by enabling progressively smaller ones of the inductor cells.

22. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the means for tuning the peaking gain comprises means for tuning the peaking gain based on a peaking gain setting in a memory, the peaking gain setting corresponding to a number of the inductor cells to be enabled.

26. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the plurality of inductor cells comprises a first set of inductor cells coupled to a first output of the amplifier, and a second set of inductor cells coupled to a second output of the amplifier, the load circuit further comprises a first feedback capacitor having a first tunable capacitance and coupled between the first output of the amplifier and the second set of inductor cells, and a second feedback capacitor having a second tunable capacitance and coupled between the second output of the amplifier and the first set of inductor cells, and the means for tuning the peaking gain further comprises means for tuning the first and second capacitances of the first and second feedback capacitors, respectively.

23. An apparatus for tuning a peaking gain of an amplifier, comprising:

means for receiving an input signal;

means for driving a load circuit of the amplifier based on the received input signal to generate an amplified signal, the load circuit comprising a resistor and a plurality of inductor cells, wherein each of the inductor cells comprises an inductor transistor having a drain, a gate and a source, the resistor is coupled between the gate and the drain of the inductor transistor in each of the inductor cells; and

means for tuning the peaking gain of the amplifier by adjusting a number of the inductor cells that are enabled, wherein the means for tuning the peaking gain comprises means for enabling each one of the number of the inductor cells by coupling the source of the respective inductor transistor to a supply rail.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the resistor has a tunable resistance, and the apparatus further comprises means for tuning a frequency of the peaking gain by tuning the resistance of the resistor.

25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the load circuit further comprises a capacitor having a tunable capacitance, the capacitor is coupled between the source and the gate of the inductor transistor in each of the inductor cells, and the apparatus further comprises means for tuning a frequency of the peaking gain by tuning the capacitance of the capacitor.