Methods and systems for detecting a chemical species

• US 9,760,995 B2
• Filed: 10/20/2016
• Issued: 09/12/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 06/23/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company (Exxon Mobil Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company (Exxon Mobil Corporation)
• Inventors: Morris, Jonathan M., Zeng, Yousheng
• Primary Examiner(s): PATEL, KANJIBHAI B
• Application Number:
  US15/298,543
• Publication Number:
  US 20170039716A1
• Time in Patent Office: 327 Days
• Field of Search: 382260, 382275
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/28 Investigating the spectrum using colour filters G01J3/51
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/2803 using photoelectric array detector
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/36 Investigating two or more bands of a spectrum by separate detectors
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/42 Absorption spectrometry; Double beam spectrometry; Flicker spectrometry; Reflection spectrometry beam switching arrangements G01J3/08
• CPC Class Codes: G01M 3/04 by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
• CPC Class Codes: G01M 3/38 by using light G01M3/02 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/3177 Use of spatially separated filters in simultaneous way
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/3531 without instrumental source, i.e. radiometric
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/274 Calibration, base line adjustment, drift correction
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/314 with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths dual wavelength spectrometry G01J3/427
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/3504 for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/06113 Coherent sources; lasers
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/068 Optics, miscellaneous
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/129 Using chemometrical methods
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/021 Calibration, monitoring or correction G01S5/0252 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0236 Assistance data, e.g. base station almanac
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/106 for splitting or combining a plurality of identical beams or images, e.g. image replication
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/208 for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 18/22 Matching criteria, e.g. proximity measures
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 18/251 of input or preprocessed data
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/20224 : Image subtraction
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/32 : using correlation-based methods
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/30 : Noise filtering

Abstract

Methods and systems for detecting at least one chemical species including obtaining a first image from a first electromagnetic radiation detector and obtaining a second image from a second electromagnetic radiation detector. The first image includes a first plurality of pixels and the second image includes a second plurality of pixels, each pixel having an associated intensity value. A first resultant image is generated. The first resultant image includes a plurality of resultant pixels, each pixel having an associated intensity value. One or more regions of interest are determined. The correlation between the first image, the second image, and the first resultant image is determined for the one or more regions of interest using a correlation coefficient algorithm to calculate a first correlation coefficient and a second correlation coefficient. The presence of the chemical species is determined based, at least in part, on the first correlation coefficient and the second correlation coefficient.

Claims

1. A system for detecting at least one chemical species released into an environment, comprising:

a lens;

a first beam splitter configured to receive a beam of electromagnetic radiation from the lens and separate the beam into a first electromagnetic radiation beam and a second electromagnetic radiation beam;

a first bandpass filter configured to receive the first electromagnetic radiation beam and transmit a filtered first electromagnetic radiation beam in a mid-infrared spectral range, the first bandpass filter is configured to transmit at least 50% of the first electromagnetic radiation beam passing through a first transmittance window, the first transmittance window having a first width including a first electromagnetic radiation wavelength range corresponding to at least a portion of a wavelength range of absorption or emission by the at least one chemical species to be detected;

a first electromagnetic radiation detector configured to receive at least a portion of the filtered first electromagnetic radiation beam from the first bandpass filter and detect the at least one chemical species;

a second bandpass filter configured to receive the second electromagnetic radiation beam and transmit a filtered second electromagnetic radiation beam in the mid-infrared spectral range, the second bandpass filter including a second transmittance window having a second width within a second electromagnetic radiation wavelength, the second width in the range of from 50 nm to 500 nm, the second transmittance window having an upper limit wavelength value that is greater than an upper limit wavelength value of the first transmittance window, the second bandpass filter configured to transmit a lesser percentage of the second electromagnetic radiation beam passing through the second transmittance window than the first bandpass filter transmits of the first electromagnetic radiation beam passing through the first transmittance window; and

a second electromagnetic radiation detector configured to receive at least a portion of the filtered second electromagnetic radiation beam from the second bandpass filter and provide a reference background.

2. The system of claim 1 further comprising an analysis system including code within a processor, a non-transitory, computer-readable medium, or a combination thereof, the code configured to direct the processor to:

identify at least one image from the first electromagnetic radiation detector and at least one image from the second electromagnetic radiation detector;

compare the at least one image from the first electromagnetic radiation detector with the at least one image from the second electromagnetic radiation detector; and

determine if a difference between the images represents the detection of a chemical species.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the second bandpass filter transmits at most 45% of the filtered second electromagnetic radiation beam within the second transmittance window.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the second bandpass filter transmits at most 35% of the filtered second electromagnetic radiation beam within the second transmittance window.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the second bandpass filter transmits at most 25% of the filtered second electromagnetic radiation beam within the second transmittance window.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the first bandpass filter transmits at least 90% of the filtered first electromagnetic radiation beam within the first transmittance window.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the second transmittance window width is greater than the first transmittance window width.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the lower limit wavelength value of the second transmittance window is greater than the upper limit wavelength value of the first transmittance window.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the lower limit wavelength value of the second transmittance window is at least 100 nm greater than the upper limit wavelength value of the first transmittance window.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the first transmittance window width is in the range of from 50 nm to 250 nm.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the second transmittance window width is in the range of from 50 nm to 200 nm.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein a lower limit wavelength value of the first transmittance window is at least 3 microns and the upper limit wavelength value of the first transmittance window is at most 3.5 microns.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein a lower limit wavelength value of the second transmittance window is at least 3.7 microns and the upper limit wavelength value of the second transmittance window is at most 4.5 microns.

14. A method of detecting at least one chemical species released into an environment comprising:

splitting a beam of electromagnetic radiation into at least a first electromagnetic radiation beam and a second electromagnetic radiation beam;

passing at least a portion of the first electromagnetic radiation beam through a first bandpass filter, wherein the first bandpass filter is configured to receive the first electromagnetic radiation beam and transmit a filtered first electromagnetic radiation beam in a mid-infrared spectral range, the first bandpass filter transmits at least 50% of the first electromagnetic radiation beam passing through a first transmittance window, the first transmittance window having a first width including a first electromagnetic radiation wavelength range corresponding to at least a portion of a wavelength range of absorption or emission by the at least one chemical species to be detected;

passing at least a portion of the second electromagnetic radiation beam through a second bandpass filter, wherein the second bandpass filter is configured to receive the second electromagnetic radiation beam and transmit a filtered second electromagnetic radiation beam in the mid-infrared spectral range, and wherein the second bandpass filter includes a second transmittance window having a second width within a second electromagnetic radiation wavelength range, the second width in a range of from 50 nm to 500 nm, the second transmittance window having an upper limit wavelength value that is greater than an upper limit wavelength value of the first transmittance window, and wherein the second bandpass filter transmits a lesser percentage of the second electromagnetic radiation beam passing through the second transmittance window than the first bandpass filter transmits of the first electromagnetic radiation beam passing through the first transmittance window;

receiving at least a portion of the filtered first electromagnetic radiation beam with a first electromagnetic radiation detector configured to detect the at least one chemical species;

receiving at least a portion of the filtered second electromagnetic radiation beam with a second electromagnetic radiation detector configured to provide a reference background;

generating at least one image of the filtered first electromagnetic radiation beam detected by the first electromagnetic radiation detector and at least one image of the filtered second electromagnetic radiation beam detected by the second electromagnetic radiation detector; and

determining the presence of the at least one chemical species based, at least in part, on the images.

15. The method of claim 14 further comprising generating a resultant image from the at least one image from the first electromagnetic radiation detector and the at least one image from the second electromagnetic radiation detector.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein a first plurality of images from the first electromagnetic radiation detector and a second plurality of images from the second electromagnetic radiation detector are generated;

and the presence of at least one chemical species is determined based, at least in part, on the first plurality of images and the second plurality of images.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising generating a plurality of resultant images from the first plurality of images from the first electromagnetic radiation detector and the second plurality of images from the second electromagnetic radiation detector and determining the presence of the at least one chemical species based, at least in part, on the plurality of resultant images.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein the second bandpass filter transmits at most 45% of the filtered second electromagnetic radiation beam within the second transmittance window, the first bandpass filter transmits at least 80% of the filtered first electromagnetic radiation beam within the first transmittance window.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein the second bandpass filter transmits at most 30% of the filtered second electromagnetic radiation beam within the second transmittance window, the first bandpass filter transmits at least 90% of the filtered first electromagnetic radiation beam within the first transmittance window.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein a lower limit wavelength value of the first transmittance window is at least 3 microns and the upper limit wavelength value of the first transmittance window is at most 3.5 microns, and wherein a lower limit wavelength value of the second transmittance window is at least 3.7 microns and the upper limit wavelength value of the second transmittance window is at most 4.5 microns.

21. A system for detecting at least one chemical species released into an environment, comprising:

a lens;

a first beam splitter configured to receive a beam of electromagnetic radiation from the lens and separate the beam into a first electromagnetic radiation beam and a second electromagnetic radiation beam;

a first bandpass filter configured to receive the first electromagnetic radiation beam and transmit a filtered first electromagnetic radiation beam in a mid-infrared spectral range, the first bandpass filter is configured to transmit at least 80% of the first electromagnetic radiation beam passing through a first transmittance window, the first transmittance window having a first width including a first electromagnetic radiation wavelength range corresponding to at least a portion of a wavelength range of absorption or emission by the at least one chemical species to be detected;

a first electromagnetic radiation detector configured to receive at least a portion of the filtered first electromagnetic radiation beam from the first bandpass filter and detect the at least one chemical species;

a second bandpass filter configured to receive the second electromagnetic radiation beam and transmit a filtered second electromagnetic radiation beam in the mid-infrared spectral range, the second bandpass filter including a second transmittance window having a second width within a second electromagnetic radiation wavelength range in the range of from 50 nm to 300 nm, the second transmittance window having an upper limit wavelength value that is greater than an upper limit wavelength value of the first transmittance window, the second bandpass filter configured to transmit at most 35% of the second electromagnetic radiation beam passing through the second transmittance window; and

a second electromagnetic radiation detector configured to receive at least a portion of the filtered second electromagnetic radiation beam from the second bandpass filter and provide a reference background.