Differential microphone with dual polarity bias

• US 9,762,188 B2
• Filed: 08/11/2015
• Issued: 09/12/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 03/14/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Akustica Incorporated, Robert Bosch GmbH
• Original Assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
• Inventors: Muza, John Matthew, Stetson, Philip Sean
• Primary Examiner(s): Saunders, Jr., Joseph
• Assistant Examiner(s): Mooney, James
• Application Number:
  US14/822,950
• Publication Number:
  US 20150350782A1
• Time in Patent Office: 763 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/187 in integrated circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/45928 using IC blocks as the active amplifying circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 1/406 microphones
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 19/005 using semiconductor materials
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 2201/003 Mems transducers or their use of the electrostatic type H04R19/005
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 2201/405 Non-uniform arrays of transducers or a plurality of uniform arrays with different transducer spacing
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 3/005 for combining the signals of two or more microphones specially adapted for hearing aids H04R25/407

Abstract

Methods and system are described for cancelling interference in a microphone system. A positive bias voltage is applied to a first microphone diaphragm and a negative bias voltage is applied to a second microphone diaphragm. The diaphragms are configured to exhibit substantially the same mechanical deflection in response to acoustic pressures received by the microphone system. A differential output signal is produced by combining a positively-biased output signal from the first microphone diaphragm and a negatively-biased output signal from the second microphone diaphragm. This combining cancels common-mode interferences that are exhibited in both the positively-biased output signal and the negatively-biased output signal.

Claims

1. A microphone system including:

a first MEMS device including a first microphone diaphragm positioned to receive acoustic pressure from a first direction, wherein the first MEMS device is configured to generate a positively-biased output signal indicative of the acoustic pressure acting on the first microphone diaphragm;

a second MEMS device including a second microphone diaphragm positioned to receive acoustic pressure from the first direction at substantially the same amplitude as the acoustic pressure received by the first microphone diaphragm, wherein the second MEMS device is configured to generate a negatively-biased output signal indicative of the acoustic pressure acting on the second microphone diaphragm with a magnitude substantially the same as a magnitude of the positively-biased output signal generated by the first MEMS device and an opposite polarity of the positively-biased output signal generated by the first MEMS device; and

a differential amplifier configured to

receive the positively-biased output signal from the first MEMS device and the negatively-biased output signal from the second MEMS device, and

produce a differential signal based on the positively-biased output signal and the negatively-biased output signal.

2. The microphone system of claim 1, wherein the first microphone diaphragm and the second microphone diaphragm are constructed and positioned such that the acoustic pressures received by the first microphone diaphragm and the second microphone diaphragm cause substantially the same motion and deflection on both the first microphone diaphragm and the second microphone diaphragm.

3. The microphone system of claim 1, wherein the first microphone diaphragm and the second microphone diaphragm are formed on the same package according to the same manufacturing process.

4. A method of cancelling interference in a microphone system, the method comprising:

receiving a positively-biased output signal from a first MEMS device, the first MEMS device including a first microphone diaphragm;

receiving a negatively-biased output signal from a second MEMS device, the second MEMS device including a second microphone diaphragm, the second microphone diaphragm being configured to receive acoustic pressures from a same direction as the first microphone diaphragm and to exhibit substantially the same mechanical deflection as the first microphone diaphragm in response to the acoustic pressures received by the microphone system, and wherein the second MEMS device is configured to produce the negatively-biased output signal with a magnitude substantially the same as a magnitude of the positively-biased output signal generated by the first MEMS device and an opposite polarity of the positively-biased output signal generated by the first MEMS device; and

producing a differential output signal by combining the positively-biased output signal from the first MEMS device and the negatively-biased output signal from the second MEMS device, wherein the combining cancels common-mode interference exhibited in both the positively-biased output signal from the first MEMS device and the negatively-biased output signal from the second MEMS device.

5. A microphone system including:

a first microphone diaphragm positioned to receive acoustic pressure from a first direction, wherein a positive bias voltage is applied to the first diaphragm;

a second microphone diaphragm positioned to receive acoustic pressure from the first direction at substantially the same amplitude as the acoustic pressure received by the first microphone diaphragm, wherein a negative bias voltage is applied to the second diaphragm; and

a differential amplifier configured to

receive a positively-biased output signal from the first microphone diaphragm and a negatively-biased output signal from the second microphone diaphragm, and

produce a differential output signal by combining the positively-biased output signal and the negatively-biased output signal,

wherein the acoustic pressure received from the first direction causes mechanical deflections of the first diaphragm and substantially identical mechanical deflection of the second diaphragm,

wherein the mechanical deflections of the first diaphragm produce the positively-biased output signal, the positively-biased output signal having a first magnitude and a first polarity,

wherein the mechanical deflections of the second diaphragm produce the negatively-biased output signal, the negatively-biased output signal having a second magnitude and a second polarity, the second magnitude being substantially the same as the first magnitude and the second polarity being opposite the first polarity,

wherein a non-acoustic interference alters the positively-biased output signal by a first magnitude and a first polarity and alters the negatively-biased output signal by a second magnitude and a second polarity, the first magnitude being substantially the same as the second magnitude and the first polarity being the same as the second polarity, and

wherein the combining of the positively-biased output signal and the negatively-biased output signal by the differential amplifier cancels the non-acoustic interference from the differential output signal.