Deposition of discrete nanoparticles on an implant surface

• US 9,763,751 B2
• Filed: 07/03/2013
• Issued: 09/19/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 11/14/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Biomet 3i LLC (Zimvie Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Biomet 3i LLC (Zimvie Incorporated)
• Inventors: Berckmans, III, Bruce, Towse, Ross W., Mayfield, Robert L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Rodriguez, Cris L
• Assistant Examiner(s): APONTE, MIRAYDA ARLENE
• Application Number:
  US13/934,385
• Publication Number:
  US 20140011161A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,539 Days
• Field of Search: 433173, 433174, 427 213, 501 1, 977847, 977919, 977931
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/866 Material or manufacture
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 2008/0046 Textured surface, e.g. roughness, microstructure A61C8/0013 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0006 Periodontal tissue or bone regeneration support means for endoprosthetic bone substitute or bone graft implants A61F2/2846
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0012 characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy use of specific materials A61K6/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0013 with a surface layer, coating
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0015 being a conversion layer, e.g. oxide layer
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0022 Self-screwing A61C8/0028 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/0077 Special surfaces of prostheses, e.g. for improving ingrowth A61F2/30767 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30767 Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30771 applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30925 etched
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00017 Iron- or Fe-based alloys, e.g. stainless steel
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00023 Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00029 Cobalt-based alloys, e.g. Co-Cr alloys or Vitallium
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00059 Chromium or Cr-based alloys
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00131 Tantalum or Ta-based alloys
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00796 Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. hydroxy(l)apatite
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 6/838 Phosphorus compounds, e.g. apatite
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 6/84 comprising metals or alloys
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2400/12 Nanosized materials, e.g. nanofibres, nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes; Nanostructured surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/06 : Titanium or titanium alloys
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/10 : Ceramics or glasses
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/32 : Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
• CPC Class Codes: C23C 22/03 : containing phosphorus compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C23C 26/00 : Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
• CPC Class Codes: C23C 30/00 : Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process C23C26/00, C23C28/00 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C23G 1/106 : refractory metals

Abstract

A dental implant made of a material comprising titanium. The implant includes a head portion having a non-rotational feature, a lowermost end opposing the head portion, and a threaded bottom portion for engaging bone between the head portion implant and the lowermost end. The implant further includes a nanocrystalline surface formed on at least a portion of the implant. The nanocrystalline surface includes discrete nanocrystals deposited on a roughened surface of the implant. The roughened surface includes at least one of a grit-blasted surface or an acid-etched surface. A portion of the roughened surface is exposed between at least some of the discrete nanocrystals such that the exposed roughened portion between the discrete nanocrystals is capable of contacting bone.

Claims

1. A dental implant made of a material comprising titanium comprising:

a head portion having a non-rotational feature;

a lowermost end opposing the head portion;

a threaded bottom portion for engaging bone between the head portion and the lowermost end; and

discrete nanocrystals deposited on a roughened surface of the implant, the roughened surface including at least one of a grit-blasted surface and an acid-etched surface, wherein a portion of the roughened surface is exposed between at least some of the discrete nanocrystals such that the exposed roughened portion between the discrete nanocrystals is capable of contacting bone.

2. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the nanocrystals comprise a material that promotes osseointegration.

3. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the implant is made of commercially pure titanium.

4. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the discrete nanocrystals include hydroxyapatite nanocrystals having dimensions on the order of about 20 nanometers to about 100 nanometers.

5. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the roughened surface includes titanium hydroxide and/or titanium oxide.

6. The dental implant of claim 5, wherein the discrete nanocrystals are directly bonded to the titanium hydroxide and/or titanium oxide.

7. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the roughened surface that receives the discrete nanocrystals is free of an alkoxide and a tri-functional silane.

8. A dental implant made of a material comprising titanium comprising:

a head portion having a non-rotational feature;

a lowermost end opposing the head portion;

a threaded bottom portion for engaging bone between the head portion and the lowermost end, the threaded bottom portion including titanium hydroxide and/or titanium oxide positioned over at least one of a grit blasted surface and an acid-etched surface of the implant; and

discrete hydroxyapatite nanocrystals deposited thereon, the titanium hydroxide and/or titanium oxide being exposed between at least some of the discrete hydroxyapatite nanocrystals such that both the exposed portion of the titanium oxide and the hydroxyapatite nanocrystals are capable of contacting bone.

9. The dental implant of claim 8, wherein the hydroxyapatite nanocrystals are deposited by exposing the at least one of the grit blasted surface and the acid-etched surface to a solution including the hydroxyapatite nanocrystals.

10. The dental implant of claim 8, wherein the threaded bottom portion has a grit blasted roughened surface with an array of microscale irregularities.

11. The dental implant of claim 10, wherein the irregularities have peak-to-valley heights not greater than about 20 microns.

12. The dental implant of claim 8, wherein the discrete hydroxyapatite nanocrystals are directly bonded to the titanium hydroxide and/or titanium oxide.

13. The dental implant of claim 8, wherein the discrete hydroxyapatite nanocrystals have dimensions on the order of about 20 nanometers to about 100nanometers.

14. The dental implant of claim 8, wherein the at least one of the grit blasted surface and the acid-etched surface that receives the discrete hydroxyapatite nanocrystals is free of an alkoxide or a tri-functional silane.

15. A dental implant made of a material comprising titanium comprising:

a head portion having a non-rotational feature;

a lowermost end opposing the head portion; and

a threaded bottom portion for engaging bone between the head portion and the lowermost end, the threaded bottom portion having a grit blasted roughened surface with an array of microscale irregularities, the threaded bottom portion further including discrete hydroxyapatite nanoparticles deposited directly on the grit blasted roughened surface, wherein a portion of the grit blasted roughened surface is exposed between at least some of the discrete hydroxyapatite nanoparticles such that the exposed roughened portion between the discrete hydroxyapatite nanoparticles is for contacting bone.

16. The dental implant of claim 15, wherein the discrete hydroxyapatite nanoparticles cover less than all of the grit blasted roughened surface.

17. The dental implant of claim 15, wherein the grit blasted roughened surface includes titanium hydroxide and/or titanium oxide.

18. The dental implant of claim 17, wherein the discrete hydroxyapatite nanoparticles are directly bonded to the titanium hydroxide and/or titanium oxide.

19. The dental implant of claim 15, wherein the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles are on the order of about 20 nanometers to about 100 nanometers.

20. The dental implant of claim 15, wherein the implant is made of commercially pure titanium.