Systems and methods for performing dialysis

• US 9,764,074 B1
• Filed: 03/24/2015
• Issued: 09/19/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 07/19/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Baxter Healthcare SA (Baxter International Inc.), Baxter International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Baxter Healthcare SA (Baxter International Inc.), Baxter International Inc.
• Inventors: Childers, Robert W., Brown, David S., Wariar, Ramesh, Karoor, Sujatha, Din, Shahid, Martis, Leo, Buckman, Cody, Soltys, Paul
• Primary Examiner(s): BERDICHEVSKY, AARTI
• Application Number:
  US14/666,966
• Time in Patent Office: 910 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1524 the interface providing means for actuating on functional elements of the cassette, e.g. plungers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/153 the cassette being adapted for heating or cooling the treating fluid, e.g. the dialysate or the treating gas
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/154 with sensing means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/155 with treatment-fluid pumping means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1561 at least one cassette surface or portion thereof being flexible, e.g. the cassette having a rigid base portion with preformed channels and being covered with a foil
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1565 Details of valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/159 specially adapted for peritoneal dialysis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1656 Apparatus for preparing dialysates
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1658 Degasification
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/166 Heating for sterilisation A61M1/1686
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1696 with dialysate regeneration
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/28 Peritoneal dialysis ; Other peritoneal treatment, e.g. oxygenation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/284 Continuous flow peritoneal dialysis [CFPD]
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/285 Catheters therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/287 Dialysates therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/288 Priming priming in extracorporeal blood circuits A61M1/3643
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0413 Blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/12 with interchangeable cassettes forming partially or totally the fluid circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3306 Optical measuring means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3327 Measuring

Abstract

A regenerative peritoneal dialysis system includes a dialysis fluid loop; a filter located in the dialysis fluid loop, a first portion of the dialysis fluid sent to the filter rejected by the filter and returned upstream of the filter, a second portion of the dialysis fluid sent to the filter forming permeate, the permeate being rich in urea; and a urea removing apparatus located in the dialysis fluid loop downstream from the filter to receive the permeate and absorb urea from the permeate.

Claims

1. A hemodialysis system comprising:

a disposable cassette having a sensor portion;

a sensor operable with the sensor portion of the disposable cassette;

a dialyzer;

a blood circuit;

a blood pump for pumping blood through the blood circuit and the dialyzer;

a dialysate circuit, at least a portion of the dialysate circuit provided by the disposable cassette;

a sorbent cartridge for cleaning used dialysate flowing in the dialysate circuit;

a dialysate supply container;

a dialysate pump positioned and arranged to communicate dialysate from the dialysate supply container to the dialysate circuit, a dialysate contacting portion of the dialysate pump provided by the disposable cassette;

a supply of concentrate; and

a concentrate pump for pumping concentrate from the supply of concentrate to the dialysate circuit.

2. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein (i) the disposable cassette includes a rigid body and (ii) the dialysate circuit includes a fresh dialysate line and a used dialysate line, at least a portion of the fresh dialysate line located outside the rigid body and extending into an input of the dialyzer, and at least a portion of the spent dialysate line located outside of the rigid body and extending into an output of the dialyzer.

3. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, which includes an ultrafiltration pump for removing ultrafiltrate from the dialysate circuit, a dialysate contacting portion of the ultrafiltration pump provided by the disposable cassette.

4. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein the dialysate pump includes a pump actuator, the pump actuator of the dialysate container pump operable with the disposable cassette.

5. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, which includes at least one valve actuator, and wherein the disposable cassette includes at least one valve portion defined by a flexible membrane, the at least one valve actuator operable with the at least one valve portion of the disposable cassette.

6. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein a blood contacting portion of the blood pump or a dialysate contacting portion of the dialysate pump is provided by the disposable cassette.

7. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein the sensor includes an ammonia/ammonium concentration sensor.

8. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein the cassette sensor portion includes a colormetric membrane, and wherein the sensor includes an optical color reader.

9. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein a concentrate contacting portion of the concentrate pump is provided by the disposable cassette.

10. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, which includes at least one gas separator and at least one gas vent for venting gas from the at least one gas separator.

11. The hemodialysis system of claim 10, wherein the at least one gas separator is located (i) in the dialysate circuit, (ii) in the blood circuit, or (iii) in the dialysate circuit and the blood circuit.

12. The hemodialysis system of claim 10, wherein the at least one gas separator is provided by the disposable cassette.

13. The hemodialysis system of claim 10, which includes a gas line connecting the at least one gas separator with the at least one gas vent.

14. A hemodialysis system comprising:

a disposable cassette having at least one valve portion defined by a flexible membrane;

at least one valve actuator operable with the valve portion of the disposable cassette;

a blood circuit;

a blood pump for pumping blood through the blood circuit and the dialyzer;

a dialysate circuit;

a sorbent cartridge for cleaning used dialysate flowing in the dialysate circuit;

a dialysate supply container;

a dialysate pump positioned and arranged to communicate dialysate from the dialysate supply container to the dialysate circuit;

a supply of concentrate; and

a concentrate pump for pumping concentrate from the supply of concentrate to the dialysate circuit, a concentrate contacting portion of the concentrate pump provided by the disposable cassette.

15. The hemodialysis system of claim 14, wherein (i) a dialysate contacting portion of the dialysate circuit is provided by the disposable cassette and (ii) a blood contacting portion of the blood circuit is provided by the disposable cassette.

16. The hemodialysis system of claim 14, wherein (i) a blood contacting portion of the blood pump is provided by the disposable cassette, and (ii) a dialysate contacting portion of the dialysate pump is provided by the disposable cassette, and wherein the blood pump includes a blood pump actuator operable with the portion of the blood pump provided by the disposable cassette, and the dialysate pump includes a dialysate pump actuator operable with the portion of the dialysate pump provided by the disposable cassette.

17. The hemodialysis system of claim 14, wherein the disposable cassette includes a rigid body, the rigid body including (i) a drain port for communicating fluidly with a drain via a drain tube connected to the drain port, and (ii) a concentrate port for communicating fluidly with the supply of concentrate via a concentrate line connected to the concentrate port.

18. The hemodialysis system of claim 14, wherein the disposable cassette includes a rigid body, the rigid body including (i) a to-dialyzer blood port, and (ii) a from-dialyzer blood port.

19. The hemodialysis system of claim 14, which includes (i) a gas separator provided by the disposable cassette, (ii) a gas vent for venting gas from the gas separator, and (iii) a gas line connecting the gas separator with the gas vent.

20. The hemodialysis system of claim 14, which includes an ultrafiltration pump for removing ultrafiltrate from the dialysate circuit, a dialysate contacting portion of the ultrafiltration pump provided by the disposable cassette.