Methods for generating pH/ionic concentration gradient near electrode surfaces for modulating biomolecular interactions, and bubble detection using electrodes
First Claim
1. A method comprising:
- a. providing a biosensor comprising;
i. a control unit and a support in a solution,wherein the solution comprises an electrochemically active agent, andwherein the support comprises two or more electrodes and a biomolecule interface layer having one or more immobilized probes thereon;
b. modifying the pH of the solution near at least one of the two or more electrodes by electrochemically oxidizing or reducing the electrochemically active agent to produce H+ ions or Off ions;
c. measuring capacitance values associated with at least two of the two or more electrodes; and
d. determining based on the measured capacitance values whether a bubble is present in the solution.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Device and methods for use in a biosensor comprising a multisite array of test sites, the device and methods being useful for modulating the binding interactions between a (biomolecular) probe or detection agent and an analyte of interest from a biological by modulating the pH or ionic gradient near the electrodes in such biosensor. An electrochemically active agent that is suitable for use in biological buffers for changing the pH of the biological buffers. Method for changing the pH of biological buffers using the electrochemically active agents. The methods of modulating the binding interactions provided in a biosensor, analytic methods for more accurately controlling and measuring the pH or ionic gradient near the electrodes in such biosensor, and analytic methods for more accurately measuring an analyte of interest in a biological sample.
38 Citations
30 Claims
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1. A method comprising:
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a. providing a biosensor comprising; i. a control unit and a support in a solution, wherein the solution comprises an electrochemically active agent, and wherein the support comprises two or more electrodes and a biomolecule interface layer having one or more immobilized probes thereon; b. modifying the pH of the solution near at least one of the two or more electrodes by electrochemically oxidizing or reducing the electrochemically active agent to produce H+ ions or Off ions; c. measuring capacitance values associated with at least two of the two or more electrodes; and d. determining based on the measured capacitance values whether a bubble is present in the solution. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A biosensor comprising:
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a. a support in a solution, i. the solution comprising an electrochemically active agent, ii. the support comprising two or more electrodes, and a biomolecule interface layer having one or more immobilized probes thereon, and b. a control unit, c. wherein the biosensor is configured to modify the pH of the solution near at least one of the two or more electrodes by electrochemically oxidizing or reducing the electrochemically active agent to produce H+ ions or OH−
ions, and the control unit is configured to measure a capacitance values associated with at least two of the two or more electrodes and determine based on the measured capacitance values whether a bubble is present in the solution. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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Specification