Linearity and noise improvement for multilevel power amplifier systems using multi-pulse drain transitions

• US 9,768,731 B2
• Filed: 12/14/2015
• Issued: 09/19/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 07/23/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: ETA Devices, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: ETA Devices, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Perreault, David J., Dawson, Joel L., Li, Wei, Tkachenko, Yevgeniy A., Lakshminarayanan, Balaji, Hoversten, John
• Primary Examiner(s): TRAN, PABLO N
• Application Number:
  US14/968,045
• Publication Number:
  US 20160099686A1
• Time in Patent Office: 645 Days
• Field of Search: 4551273, 455 91, 455102, 455103, 4551141, 4551151, 4551152, 455118, 455126, 4551271, 4551272, 4551274, 375296, 375297, 330124 R, 330127, 330129, 330149
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/02 Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0211 with control of the supply voltage or current
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0227 using supply converters
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/451 the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/504 the supply voltage or current being continuously controlled by a controlling signal, e.g. the controlling signal of a transistor implemented as variable resistor in a supply path for, an IC-block showed amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/511 Many discrete supply voltages or currents or voltage levels can be chosen by a control signal in an IC-block amplifier circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/555 A voltage generating circuit being realised for biasing different circuit elements
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/21106 An input signal being distributed in parallel over the inputs of a plurality of power amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/19 with semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/21 with semiconductor devices only H03F3/245 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/211 using a combination of several amplifiers H03F3/60 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/24 of transmitter output stages
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/245 with semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/004 Control by varying the supply voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3042 in modulators, frequency-changers, transmitters or power amplifiers transmission power control in bidirectional transmission systems H04W52/04
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/0475 with means for limiting noise, interference or distortion H04B1/0483 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/0483 Transmitters with multiple parallel paths
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/0408 with power amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/045 with means for improving efficiency

Abstract

Described embodiments provide a radio frequency (RF) amplifier system having at least one amplifier. The at least one amplifier includes an RF input port, an RF output port and a drain bias port. At least one voltage modulator is coupled to the bias port of the least one amplifier to provide a bias voltage. The bias voltage is selected by switching among a plurality of discrete voltages. At least one filter circuit is coupled between the at least one voltage modulator and the at least one amplifier. The at least one filter circuit controls spectral components resultant from transitions in the bias voltage when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages. A controller dynamically adapts at least one setting of the at least one voltage modulator by using multi-pulse transitions when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages for a first operating condition of the RF amplifier.

Claims

1. A radio frequency (RF) amplifier system comprising:

at least one amplifier having an RF input port, an RF output port and a bias port;

at least one voltage modulator coupled to the bias port of the least one amplifier to provide a bias voltage, the bias voltage selected by switching among a plurality of discrete voltages;

at least one filter circuit coupled between the at least one voltage modulator and the at least one amplifier, the at least one filter circuit configured to control at least some spectral components resultant from transitions in the bias voltage when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages; and

a controller configured to dynamically adapt at least one setting of the at least one voltage modulator by using multi-pulse transitions when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages in a first operating condition of the RF amplifier, wherein the controller is configured to adapt at least one setting of the at least one voltage modulator to select the bias voltage among the discrete voltages by the at least one voltage modulator according to a switching pattern having two or more transition pulses.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the multi-pulse transitions are selected to reduce spectral components at the RF output port of the at least one amplifier.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the spectral components result from switching among the plurality of discrete voltages.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to dynamically adapt the at least one setting of the at least one voltage modulator by using single-pulse transitions when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages in a second operating condition of the RF amplifier.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the transceiver is operable in one or more frequency bands and the controller is configured to adapt the at least one setting of the at least one voltage modulator and the at least one setting of the at least one filter circuit based, at least in part, on a frequency band in which the transceiver is operating.

6. The system of claim 1 wherein said at least one filter circuit is a reconfigurable circuit, wherein the controller is configured to adapt a configuration of the at least one filter circuit.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the reconfigurable circuit comprises one or more configurable components, the controller configured to add or remove each of the one or more configurable components from the filter based on the operating mode of the RF amplifier.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein a number, duration and timing of the two or more transition pulses is selected based upon an operating mode of the RF power amplifier.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the switching pattern is configured to reduce the spectral components in the bias voltage in a frequency range of interest when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the frequency range of interest corresponds to a receive band of the RF amplifier system.

11. The system of claim 9, wherein the switching pattern comprises:

a first transition from a first discrete voltage level to a second discrete voltage level;

a second transition from the second discrete voltage level to the first discrete voltage level; and

a third transition from the first discrete voltage level to the second discrete voltage level.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein:

a duration between the first transition and the second transition has a time, T₁;

a duration between the second transition and the third transition has a time, T₂; and

times T₁ and T₂ are selected to reduce spectral components in the frequency range of interest resulting from switching among the plurality of discrete voltages.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the RF amplifier is used in a transceiver operable in at least two different modes, wherein the controller is configured to adapt at least one setting of the at least one voltage modulator by using multi-pulse transitions when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages based, at least in part, on the mode in which the transceiver is operating.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the at least one filter circuit comprises a reconfigurable circuit, wherein the controller is configured to adapt a configuration of the at least one filter circuit based, at least in part, on the mode in which the transceiver is operating.

15. A method of operating a radio frequency (RF) amplifier comprising at least one controller, at least one amplifier, at least one voltage modulator, and at least one filter, the method comprising:

determining, by the at least one controller, one or more operating characteristics of the RF amplifier;

switching, by the voltage modulator in response to the determining, a bias voltage of the at least one amplifier among a plurality of discrete voltages by using multi-pulse transitions, wherein the multi-pulse transitions reduce spectral components at an RF output port of the at least one amplifier, the spectral components resulting from switching among the plurality of discrete voltages.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

controlling, via the multi-pulse transitions, spectral components resultant from transitions in the bias voltage when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein controlling the spectral components comprises selecting the characteristics of the pulses in the multi-pulse transitions to reduce the amplitude of spectral components resultant from transitions in the bias voltage when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages in at least a predetermined frequency range.

18. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

using single-pulse transitions when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages in response to the determined operating characteristics of the RF amplifier.

19. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

adapting, by the at least one controller, at least one setting of the at least one voltage modulator to transition the bias voltage among the discrete voltages by the at least one voltage modulator according to a switching pattern having two or more transition pulses, wherein a number, duration and timing of the one or more transition pulses is selected based on an operating mode of the RF power amplifier, and wherein the switching pattern is configured to reduce the spectral components in the bias voltage in a frequency range of interest when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages.

20. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

dynamically adapting, by the controller in response to the determined operating characteristics, a configuration of the at least one filter circuit, wherein the at least one filter circuit comprises a reconfigurable circuit.

21. A radio frequency (RF) amplifier system comprising:

at least one amplifier having an RF input port, an RF output port and a drain bias port;

at least one voltage modulator coupled to the bias port of the least one amplifier, each of the at least one voltage modulators operable to provide a selected bias voltage, the bias voltage selected by switching among a plurality of discrete voltages; and

a controller configured to dynamically adapt at least one setting of the at least one voltage modulator by using multi-pulse transitions when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages to provide the selected bias voltage in a first operating condition of the RF amplifier, wherein multi-pulse transitions reduce spectral components at the RF output port of the at least one amplifier, the spectral components resulting from switching among the plurality of discrete voltages.

22. The system of claim 21 further comprising at least one filter circuit coupled between the at least one voltage modulator and the at least one amplifier, the at least one filter circuit configured to control transitions in the bias voltage when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages.

23. The system of claim 21, wherein the controller is further configured to dynamically adapt the at least one setting of the at least one voltage modulator by using single-pulse transitions when switching among the plurality of discrete voltages in a second operating condition of the RF amplifier.

24. The system of claim 21 wherein said at least one filter circuit is a reconfigurable circuit, wherein the controller is configured to adapt a configuration of the at least one filter circuit.

25. The system of claim 21, wherein the controller is configured to adapt at least one setting of the at least one voltage modulator to transition the bias voltage among the discrete voltages by the at least one voltage modulator according to a switching pattern having two or more transition pulses, wherein a number, duration and timing of the one or more transition pulses is selected based on the operating mode of the RF power amplifier, and wherein the switching pattern is configured to reduce spectral components in the bias voltage.