Methods, systems, and apparatus for programmable quantum photonic processing
First Claim
1. A photonic integrated circuit for performing quantum information processing, the photonic integrated circuit comprising:
- a semiconductor substrate;
a plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers, fabricated in the semiconductor substrate, to perform an arbitrary unitary optical transformation on at least one optical mode, the plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers having a plurality of input waveguides to receive the at least one optical mode and a plurality of output waveguides to output the at least one optical mode after the arbitrary unitary optical transformation;
a plurality of detectors, in optical communication with the plurality of output waveguides, to measure the at least one optical mode after the arbitrary unitary optical transformation; and
control circuitry, operably coupled to the plurality of Mach-Zehnder interferometers and to the plurality of detectors, to determine a density distribution of the at least one optical mode at the plurality of output waveguides and to adjust a phase setting of at least one Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers so as to change the density distribution of the at least one optical mode at the plurality of output waveguides.
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Abstract
A programmable photonic integrated circuit implements arbitrary linear optics transformations in the spatial mode basis with high fidelity. Under a realistic fabrication model, we analyze programmed implementations of the CNOT gate, CPHASE gate, iterative phase estimation algorithm, state preparation, and quantum random walks. We find that programmability dramatically improves device tolerance to fabrication imperfections and enables a single device to implement a broad range of both quantum and classical linear optics experiments. Our results suggest that existing fabrication processes are sufficient to build such a device in the silicon photonics platform.
65 Citations
21 Claims
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1. A photonic integrated circuit for performing quantum information processing, the photonic integrated circuit comprising:
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a semiconductor substrate; a plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers, fabricated in the semiconductor substrate, to perform an arbitrary unitary optical transformation on at least one optical mode, the plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers having a plurality of input waveguides to receive the at least one optical mode and a plurality of output waveguides to output the at least one optical mode after the arbitrary unitary optical transformation; a plurality of detectors, in optical communication with the plurality of output waveguides, to measure the at least one optical mode after the arbitrary unitary optical transformation; and control circuitry, operably coupled to the plurality of Mach-Zehnder interferometers and to the plurality of detectors, to determine a density distribution of the at least one optical mode at the plurality of output waveguides and to adjust a phase setting of at least one Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers so as to change the density distribution of the at least one optical mode at the plurality of output waveguides. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. A method of performing quantum information processing, the method comprising:
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(A) coupling at least one optical mode into a plurality of input waveguides of a plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers fabricated in a semiconductor substrate so as to perform an arbitrary unitary optical transformation on the at least one optical mode; (B) detecting the at least one optical mode at a plurality of output waveguides of the plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers; (C) determining a density distribution of the at least one optical mode across the plurality of the output waveguides; and (D) adjusting a phase setting of at least one Mach-Zehnder interferometers in the plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers so as to change the density distribution of the at least one optical mode. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A photonic integrated circuit for performing quantum information processing, the photonic integrated circuit comprising:
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a semiconductor substrate; a plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers, fabricated in the semiconductor substrate, to perform at least one linear optical transformation on a plurality of optical modes coupled into the plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers, at least one Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers comprising a heater operably coupled to an output arm of the at least one Mach-Zehnder interferometer; a plurality of detectors, in optical communication with the plurality of Mach-Zehnder interferometers, to measure the plurality of optical modes at a plurality of output waveguides of the plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers; control circuitry, operably coupled to the plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers and to the plurality of detectors, to determine a density distribution of the plurality of optical modes at the plurality of output waveguides and to adjust a temperature of the heater in the at least one Mach-Zehnder interferometer so as to change the density distribution of the plurality of optical modes at the plurality of output waveguides; and at least one feedback loop, in optical communication with the plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers, to guide at least one optical mode from at least one output waveguide in the plurality of output waveguides to an input of the plurality of interconnected Mach-Zehnder interferometers.
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Specification