Medical equipment electrodes

• US 9,802,034 B2
• Filed: 10/07/2015
• Issued: 10/31/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 09/01/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Zoll Medical Corporation (Asahi Kasei Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Zoll Medical Corporation (Asahi Kasei Corporation)
• Inventors: Elghazzawi, Ziad F., Freeman, Gary A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wu, Eugene T
• Application Number:
  US14/876,927
• Publication Number:
  US 20160022980A1
• Time in Patent Office: 755 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0077 Devices for viewing the surface of the body, e.g. camera, magnifying lens
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/065 Determining position of the probe employing exclusively positioning means located on or in the probe, e.g. using position sensors arranged on the probe
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/276 Protection against electrode failure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/361 Detecting fibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/684 Indicating the position of the sensor on the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6843 Monitoring or controlling sensor contact pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/046 Specially adapted for shock therapy, e.g. defibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0492 Patch electrodes A61N1/0412, A61N1/0428 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3904 External heart defibrillators [EHD]
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/39044 in combination with cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR] therapy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3925 Monitoring; Protecting
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3968 Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings A61N1/375 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3993 User interfaces for automatic external defibrillators

Abstract

Cardiac electrodes and techniques for testing application of the electrodes to a victim are described herein.

Claims

1. A medical device comprising:

an external electrode assembly comprising a pair of electrodes and a camera included in the external electrode assembly, the camera configured to acquire image information indicative of a location of at least one of the pair of electrodes relative to external features of the chest of a patient;

a processor and a memory;

at least one output device; and

an electronic interface, communicatively coupled to the external electrode assembly, the processor, the memory, and the at least one output device, and configured to obtain the image information from the camera and provide signals representing the image information to the processor,

wherein the processor is configured to;

receive the signals representing the image information,

process the signals representing the image information,

based on the processing of the signals representing the image information, determine electrode positioning feedback for a rescuer, and

provide the electrode positioning feedback to the at least one output device,

and wherein the at least one output device is configured to provide the electrode positioning feedback as an instruction to move the at least one of the pair of electrodes.

2. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to determine a current location of the at least one of the pair of electrodes relative to the chest of the patient and to determine an x-translation distance and a y-translation distance between the current location of the at least one of the pair of electrodes and a desired location of the at least one of the pair of electrodes relative to the chest of the patient.

3. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to determine a current position of the at least one of the pair of electrodes relative to the chest of the patient based on the received image information.

4. The medical device of claim 3 wherein the electrode positioning feedback indicates the current position of the at least one of the pair of electrodes relative to the chest of the patient.

5. The medical device of claim 3, wherein the processor is configured to determine whether the current position of the at least one of the pair of electrodes corresponds to a recommended position for operation of the at least one of the pair of electrodes.

6. The medical device of claim 5 wherein the electrode positioning feedback for the rescuer indicates whether the current position of the at least one of the pair of electrodes corresponds to the recommended position for operation of the at least one of the pair of electrodes.

7. The medical device of claim 3, wherein the instruction to move the at least one of the pair of electrodes indicates a direction relative to the current position of the at least one of the pair of electrodes in which the rescuer should move the external electrode assembly.

8. The medical device of claim 7 wherein the at least one output device is a display and the electrode positioning feedback comprises visual feedback.

9. The medical device of claim 3, wherein the at least one output device comprises one or more indicators in the external electrode assembly and the processor is configured to control the one or more indicators in the external electrode assembly such that the one or more indicators illuminate when the current position of the at least one of the pair of electrodes corresponds to a recommended position for operation of the external electrode assembly.

10. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the at least one output device comprises one or more indicators in the external electrode assembly and the processor is configured to control the one or more indicators in the external electrode assembly such that one or more of the one or more indicators illuminate to indicate a direction in which the rescuer should move the at least one of the pair of electrodes.

11. The medical device of claim 10, wherein the one or more indicators comprise:

a first light emitting diode configured to provide information indicating that the rescuer should move the at least one of the pair of electrodes toward the head of the patient;

a second light emitting diode configured to provide information indicating that the rescuer should move the at least one of the pair of electrodes toward the feet of the patient;

a third light emitting diode configured to provide information indicating that the rescuer should move the at least one of the pair of electrodes to the left of a current position of the at least one of the pair of electrodes; and

a fourth light emitting diode configured to provide information indicating that the rescuer should move the at least one of the pair of electrodes to the right of the current position of the at least one of the pair of electrodes.

12. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the at least one output device comprises a speaker and the electrode positioning feedback comprises audible feedback.

13. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to:

determine an impedance between a first electrically conductive element of the at least one of the pair of electrodes and a second electrically conductive element of the at least one of the pair of electrodes that is separate from the first electrically conductive element; and

compare the impedance to a threshold to determine whether the at least one of the pair of electrodes is affixed to the chest of the patient.

14. The medical device of claim 13 wherein the processor is configured to determine feedback for the rescuer indicative of whether the at least one of the pair of electrodes is affixed to the chest of the patient.

15. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the camera comprises a video camera.

16. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the camera comprises a still image camera.

17. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the image information comprises a video input.

18. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the image information comprises a still image.