Systems and methods for performing surface electromyography and range-of-motion test

• US 9,808,172 B2
• Filed: 06/01/2009
• Issued: 11/07/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 06/02/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Precision Biometrics, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Precision Biometrics, Inc.
• Inventors: Marcarian, David
• Primary Examiner(s): Stout, Michael C
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kolderman, Nicholas E
• Application Number:
  US12/455,385
• Publication Number:
  US 20090299210A1
• Time in Patent Office: 3,081 Days
• Field of Search: 600549, 600587, 600595
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1121 Determining geometric values, e.g. centre of rotation or angular range of movement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/389 Electromyography [EMG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4528 Joints A61B5/4533, A61B5/4538 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4561 Evaluating static posture, e.g. undesirable back curvature A61B5/1116 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6823 Trunk, e.g., chest, back, abdomen, hip
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6825 Hand

Abstract

A soft-tissue-injury diagnostic system for diagnosing soft tissue injury within a patient includes a set of hand-held inclinometers configured and arranged for measuring angles formed between a first inclinometer disposed in proximity to a patient joint and a second inclinometer disposed distal to the joint during controlled patient movements of the joint. A plurality of measuring electrodes are coupleable in proximity to the patient'"'"'s spine along the body portion that moves along the joint. The measuring electrodes are configured and arranged for measuring action potentials along patient muscle groups during the controlled patient movements of the joint and transmitting the measured action potentials to a dynamic surface electromyograph (“sEMG”) module. A hub receives and processes data from the inclinometers and the dynamic sEMG module. A visual display is configured and arranged for receiving and displaying the processed data.

Claims

1. A soft-tissue-injury diagnostic system for diagnosing soft tissue injury within a patient, the soft-tissue-injury diagnostic system comprising:

a set of hand-held inclinometers comprising a main unit and an auxiliary unit, the inclinometers configured and arranged for placement in proximity to two ends of a patient body portion that moves along a patient joint at one end of the body portion such that the main unit is positioned in proximity to the joint and the auxiliary unit is positioned along the patient body portion that moves along a patient joint, the inclinometers configured and arranged for measuring and recording angles formed between the main unit and the auxiliary unit during controlled patient movements of the joint, wherein the controlled patient movements of the joint comprise moving the joint between a first joint position and a second joint position that is different from the first joint position, wherein at least one controller is disposed on at least one of the main unit or the auxiliary unit, and wherein the at least one controller is configured and arranged for marking the recording of the measured angles at one or more of the first joint position and the second joint position when the at least one controller is actuated by a user, wherein a plurality of spaced-apart light-emitting diodes are disposed along each of the main unit and the auxiliary unit, and wherein the plurality of light-emitting diodes indicate degree markings and are configured and arranged to enable the user to view the measured angles between the main unit and the auxiliary unit during the controlled patient movements of the joint;

a static surface electromyograph (“

sEMG”

) scanner, including;

at least one set of measuring electrodes that are electrically coupled to the static-sEMG scanner, the measuring electrodes configured in a housing and arranged for coupling to an exterior portion of the patient in lateral proximity to a plurality of levels of the patient'"'"'s spine along the body portion that moves along the joint, the at least one set of measuring electrodes configured and for measuring action potentials along patient muscle groups beneath the measuring electrodes and transmitting the measured action potentials to the static sEMG scanner, and wherein the at least one set of measuring electrodes is non-retractable in the housing;

at least one ground electrode that is configured in the housing and arranged for placement against patient skin adjacent to the at least one set of measuring electrodes, wherein the at least one ground electrode is retractable in the housing independently of the at least one set of measuring electrodes to facilitate maintaining placement of the at least one ground electrode against patient skin during operation of the static sEMG scanner, wherein the at least one ground electrode is retractable to improve simultaneous contact with the patient skin between the static sEMG scanner and the at least one set of measuring electrodes, and wherein the at least one ground electrode is configured in an extended position beyond a surface of the housing and a position of the at least one set of measuring electrodes until the at least one ground electrode retracts from the extended position to a compressed position that is closer to the surface of the housing when the at least one set of measuring electrodes and the at least one ground electrode are placed against the patient skin; and

a hub configured and arranged for receiving the data collected from the inclinometers and the static sEMG scanner during the controlled patient movements of the joint and processing the received data into at least one displayable image; and

a visual display electrically coupled to the hub, the visual display configured and arranged for receiving and displaying the processed data from the hub.

2. The diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein the data collected from the inclinometers and the data collected from the static sEMG scanner are collected concurrently.

3. The diagnostic system of claim 1, further comprising at least one processor coupled to the hub, the at least one processor configured and arranged for providing additional processing power for processing the received data into at least one displayable image.

4. The diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein the inclinometers each comprise an accelerometer.

5. The diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein the inclinometers each are disc-shaped and have a flat bottom surface extending tangentially from a bottom portion of the inclinometer, the flat bottom surface of each inclinometer comprising two spaced-apart feet extending downward from the flat bottom surface, at least one of the two feet being adjustable along an axis of the flat bottom surface to adjust the amount of space between the two feet.

6. The diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of light-emitting diodes are positioned along a periphery of each of the main unit and the auxiliary unit.

7. The diagnostic system of claim 1, further comprising at least one image-capturing device coupled to the hub, the at least one image-capturing device configured and arranged to capture at least one of a video or at least one static image of the patient performing the controlled patient movements of the joint.

8. The diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of light-emitting diodes enable the user to determine the relative angle between the main unit and the auxiliary unit without looking at a computer display.

9. A static surface electromyography (“

sEMG”

) scanner for measuring action potentials along selected muscle groups of a patient, the static sEMG scanner comprising;

at least two sets of measuring electrodes extending from the static sEMG scanner, the at least two sets of measuring electrodes are non-retractable and configured in a housing and arranged for placement against patient skin in lateral proximity to the patient'"'"'s spine during operation of the static sEMG scanner, wherein each measuring electrode of the at least two sets of measuring electrodes is disposed a fixed distance apart from the remaining measuring electrodes of the at least two sets of measuring electrodes of the static sEMG scanner; and

at least one ground electrode configured in the housing and arranged for placement against patient skin adjacent to the at least two sets of measuring electrodes, wherein the at least one ground electrode is retractable in the housing independently of the at least two sets of measuring electrodes to facilitate maintaining placement of the at least one ground electrode against patient skin during operation of the static sEMG scanner, wherein the at least two sets of measuring electrodes are non-retractable in the housing to improve simultaneous contact with the patient skin between the at least two sets of measuring electrodes and the at least one retractable ground electrode, and wherein the at least one ground electrode is configured in an extended position beyond a surface of the housing and a position of the two sets of measuring electrodes until the at least one ground electrode retracts from the extended position to a compressed position that is closer to the surface of the housing when the two sets of measuring electrodes and the at least one ground electrode are placed against the patient skin;

wherein the static sEMG scanner is configured and arranged to be held in a hand of a user during operation of the static sEMG scanner.

10. The static sEMG scanner of claim 9, wherein the at least two sets of measuring electrodes are each pivotable.

11. The static sEMG scanner of claim 9, wherein each set of the at least two sets of measuring electrodes comprises two measuring electrodes.

12. The static sEMG scanner of claim 9, wherein the at least two sets of measuring electrodes comprises a first set of measuring electrodes and a second set of measuring electrodes, and wherein the at least one ground electrode is disposed adjacent to and between the first set of measuring electrodes and the second set of measuring electrodes.

13. A method for diagnosing soft-tissue injury, the method comprising:

a) positioning a hand-held static surface electromyograph (“

sEMG”

) scanner against patient skin at a first location, the static sEMG scanner comprising a housing that includes at least two sets of measuring electrodes and at least one ground electrode, each measuring electrode of the at least two sets of measuring electrodes disposed a fixed distance apart from the remaining measuring electrodes of the at least two sets of measuring electrodes of the static sEMG scanner, wherein the at least two sets of measuring electrodes adjacent to the at least one ground electrode are configured in the housing and arranged for contacting patient skin in lateral proximity to a plurality of adjacent levels of the patient'"'"'s spine during operation of the static sEMG scanner, wherein the at least one ground electrode is retractable in the housing independently of the at least two sets of measuring electrodes to facilitate maintaining placement of the at least one ground electrode against patient skin during operation of the static sEMG scanner, wherein the at least two sets of measuring electrodes are non-retractable in the housing, wherein the at least one ground electrode is retractable to improve simultaneous contact with the patient skin between the at least one ground electrode and the two sets of non-retractable measuring electrodes, and wherein the at least one ground electrode is configured in an extended position beyond a surface of the housing and a position of the two sets of measuring electrodes until the at least one ground electrode retracts from the extended position to a compressed position that is closer to the surface of the housing when the two sets of measuring electrodes and the at least one ground electrode are placed against the patient skin;

b) measuring action potentials along patient muscle groups directly beneath the at least two sets of measuring electrodes;

c) transmitting data collected from the at least two sets of measuring electrodes to a hub for processing into at least one displayable image; and

d) displaying the processed data from the hub on a visual display.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising repositioning the static sEMG scanner such that the at least two sets of measuring electrodes adjacent to the at least one ground electrode contact patient skin in lateral proximity to a plurality of adjacent levels of the patient'"'"'s spine at a second location along the spine and repeating elements b), c), and d).

15. The method of claim 14, wherein repositioning the static sEMG scanner such that the at least two sets of measuring electrodes adjacent to the at least one ground electrode contact patient skin in lateral proximity to a plurality of adjacent levels of the patient'"'"'s spine at a second location along the spine comprises receiving an audible voice command to reposition the static sEMG scanner prior to repositioning the static sEMG scanner.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein repositioning the static sEMG scanner such that the at least two sets of measuring electrodes adjacent to the at least one ground electrode contact patient skin in lateral proximity to a plurality of adjacent levels of the patient'"'"'s spine at a second location along the spine comprises powering off the static sEMG scanner during the repositioning of the static sEMG scanner.

17. A method for diagnosing soft-tissue injury, the method comprising:

positioning a set of hand-held inclinometers in proximity to two ends of a patient body portion that moves along a patient joint at one end of the body portion such that a main unit is positioned in proximity to the joint and an auxiliary unit is positioned along the patient body portion that moves along a patient joint;

coupling at least two sets of measuring electrodes in a housing to the patient in lateral proximity to a plurality of levels of the patient'"'"'s spine along an exterior portion of the body portion that moves along the joint, wherein the at least two sets of measuring electrodes are electrically coupled to a static surface electromyograph (“

sEMG”

) scanner, and wherein the at least two sets of measuring electrodes are non-retractable in the housing;

placing at least one ground electrode in the housing against patient skin adjacent to the at least two sets of measuring electrodes, wherein the at least one ground electrode is retractable in the housing independently of the at least two sets of measuring electrodes to facilitate maintaining placement of the at least one ground electrode against patient skin during operation of the static sEMG scanner, wherein the at least one ground electrode is retractable to improve simultaneous contact with the patient skin between the at least one ground electrode and the non-retractable measuring electrodes, and wherein the at least one ground electrode is configured in an extended position beyond a surface of the housing and a position of the measuring electrodes until the at least one ground electrode retracts from the extended position to a compressed position that is closer to the surface of the housing when the measuring electrodes and the at least one ground electrode are placed against the patient skin;

measuring and recording angles formed between the main unit and the auxiliary unit at the joint wherein the measured angles between the main unit and the auxiliary unit at the joint are displayable to a user;

marking the recording of the measured angles when at least one controller is disposed on at least one of the main unit or the auxiliary unit at the joint is actuated by the user;

measuring action potentials along patient muscle groups beneath the measuring electrodes of at the joint and transmitting the measured action potentials to the static sEMG scanner;

transmitting data collected from the inclinometers and the measuring electrodes to a hub for processing into at least one displayable image; and

displaying the processed data from the hub on a visual display.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein measuring and recording angles formed between the main unit and the auxiliary unit comprises actuating the at least one controller when the joint is positioned in at least one of a neutral position or a fully-flexed position.

19. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having processor-executable instructions for reading data from a range of motion (“

ROM”

) device and a static surface electromyography (“

sEMG”

) scanner device, the processor-executable instructions when installed and executed by one or more processors on a computer device enable the static sEMG scanner device to perform actions, comprising;

processing angles measured and recorded between a main unit and an auxiliary unit of the ROM device at a joint at one end of a patient body portion, wherein the main unit is positioned in proximity to the joint and the auxiliary unit positioned along the patient body portion that moves along a patient joint, wherein the measured angles between the main unit and the auxiliary unit are displayable to a user;

marking the recording of the measured angles when at least one controller disposed on at least one of the main unit or the auxiliary unit at the joint is actuated by the user;

processing action potentials measured along patient muscle groups beneath measuring electrodes of the static sEMG scanner device at the joint, the measuring electrodes are configured in a housing and arranged to be coupled to patient skin in lateral proximity to a plurality of levels of the patient'"'"'s spine along the body portion, wherein the measuring electrodes are non-retractable in the housing;

receiving a ground signal from at least one ground electrode in the housing against patient skin adjacent to the measuring electrodes, wherein the at least one ground electrode is retractable in the housing independently of the non-retractable measuring electrodes to facilitate maintaining placement of the at least one ground electrode against patient skin during operation of the static sEMG scanner device, wherein the at least one ground electrode is retractable to improve simultaneous contact with the patient skin between the at least one ground electrode and the non-retractable measuring electrodes, and wherein the at least one ground electrode is configured in an extended position beyond a surface of the housing and a position of the measuring electrodes until the at least one ground electrode retracts from the extended position to a compressed position that is closer to the surface of the housing when the measuring electrodes and the at least one ground electrode are placed against the patient skin; and

displaying the processed data on a visual display.

20. A soft-tissue injury diagnostic device comprising:

a range of motion (“

ROM”

) device and a static surface electromyography (“

sEMG”

) scanner device coupled to a hub; and

a processor in communication with the hub, wherein the processor executes processor-readable instructions that enable actions, including;

processing angles measured and recorded between a main unit and an auxiliary unit of the ROM device of a joint at one end of a patient body portion, wherein the main unit positioned in proximity to the joint and the auxiliary unit is positioned along the patient body portion that moves along a patient joint, wherein the measured angles between the main unit and the auxiliary unit of the joint are displayable to a user;

marking the recording of the measured angles when at least one controller disposed on at least one of the main unit or the auxiliary unit is actuated by the user;

processing action potentials measured along patient muscle groups beneath measuring electrodes of the static sEMG scanner device, wherein the measuring electrodes are configured in a housing and arranged to be coupled to patient skin in lateral proximity to a plurality of levels of the patient'"'"'s spine along the body portion, wherein the measuring electrodes are non-retractable in the housing;

receiving a ground signal from at least one ground electrode in the housing placed against patient skin adjacent to the measuring electrodes, wherein the at least one ground electrode is retractable in the housing independently of the measuring electrodes to facilitate maintaining placement of the at least one ground electrode against patient skin during operation of the static sEMG scanner device, wherein the at least one ground electrode is retractable to improve simultaneous contact with the patient skin between the at least one ground electrode and the non-retractable measuring electrodes, and wherein the at least one ground electrode is configured in an extended position beyond a surface of the housing and a position of the measuring electrodes until the at least one ground electrode retracts from the extended position to a compressed position that is closer to the surface of the housing when the measuring electrodes and the at least one ground electrode are placed against the patient skin; and

displaying the processed data on a visual display.