Immune and oxygen system measuring and drug screening method and apparatus

• US 9,811,635 B2
• Filed: 08/14/2015
• Issued: 11/07/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 04/27/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Samir Sofer
• Original Assignee: Samir Sofer
• Inventors: Sofer, Samir
• Primary Examiner(s): Winakur, Eric
• Assistant Examiner(s): Liu, Chu Chuan (JJ)
• Application Number:
  US14/826,619
• Publication Number:
  US 20150356266A1
• Time in Patent Office: 816 Days
• Field of Search: 600300, 600309, 600310, 600345, 600365, 600473, 600476, 435 2, 604 19- 24, 604 48, 422 8201- 8209, 422 83- 84, 422 98
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/145 Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissuemeasuring of blood pressure or blood flow A61B5/02; non-radiation detecting or locating of foreign bodies in blood A61B5/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1455 using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/60 Salicylic acid; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 33/00 Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 33/22 Boron compounds
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 35/14 Blood; Artificial blood perfluorocarbons A61K31/02; umbilical cord blood A61K35/51; haemoglobin A61K38/42
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/48 Biological material, e.g. blood, urine G01N33/02, G01N33/26, G01N33/44, G01N33/46 take precedence; Haemocytometers counting blood corpuscules distributed over a surface by scanning the surface G06M11/02
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/84 involving inorganic compounds or pH
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/30 for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment
• CPC Class Codes: G16Z 99/00 Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass

Abstract

Method and apparatus for monitoring health as related to immune system function, and for measuring the effects of toxins and other stresses. A method for pre-screening drugs for the pharmaceutical pipeline. A method for using an Immunogram as a research tool. A method for preparing compounds or drugs for treatment, therapy, or cure of diseases.

Claims

1. A method for enhancing an individual'"'"'s immune system, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) providing an apparatus, including

(i) a first sensor that is an optical probe,

(ii) a second sensor that is a membrane probe, and

(iii) a reader processor in electrical connection with and responsive to said first and second sensors, wherein said first and second sensors detect molecular oxygen and nitric oxide and send electrical signals in response to the detection of said molecular oxygen and said nitric oxide to said reader processor, said reader processor reading said electrical signals and recording data related to said electrical signals as a function of time, including as part of said data concentrations of molecular oxygen and nitric oxide, changes in said concentrations, and rates of change in said concentrations;

(b) obtaining a sample of blood from the body of an individual, said sample including molecular oxygen and nitric oxide;

(c) measuring with said apparatus an initial concentration of said molecular oxygen and said nitric oxide to determine a baseline value for said individual;

(d) continuing measurement of the concentration of said molecular oxygen and said nitric oxide over time by said apparatus;

(e) stressing said sample;

(f) acquiring a first set of data from said sample by said apparatus over the course of a first interval of time following said stressing step to determine a first value for said molecular oxygen and a first value for said nitric oxide, said first value being a decrease in concentration of said molecular oxygen or a decrease in concentration of said nitric oxide with respect to said baseline;

(g) repeating said stressing step;

(h) acquiring a second set of data from said sample by said apparatus over the course of a second interval of time following said repeating step to determine a second value for said molecular oxygen and said nitric oxide, said second value being any increase in concentration of said molecular oxygen or any increase in concentration of said nitric oxide with respect to said first value;

(i) comparing by said apparatus said first and second values to preselected standard values to show the immune system performance capabilities of said individual, wherein steps (c)-(i) are repeated until a sharp increase of said molecular oxygen or said nitric oxide is detected; and

(j) administering said blood to said individual following step (i) to enhance said immune system performance capabilities.

2. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said first sensor only detects molecular oxygen and said second sensor detects molecular oxygen and nitric oxide and sends electrical signals in response to the detection of said molecular oxygen and nitric oxide to said reader processor.

3. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said stressing step (e) further comprises the step of stirring said sample at a speed and for a period of time sufficient to cause a drop in concentration of said molecular oxygen.

4. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said repeating step (g) further comprises the step of adding a chemical to said sample, said chemical having properties that cause a rise in concentration of said molecular oxygen or said nitric oxide.

5. The method as recited in claim 4, wherein said chemical is a phenol.

6. The method as recited in claim 5, wherein said phenol is 6% phenol.

7. The method as recited in claim 4, wherein said chemical is a toxin.

8. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said stressing step (e) further comprises the step of freezing said sample.

9. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said stressing step (e) further comprises the step of adding an amount of anticoagulant to said sample, and thereafter freezing said sample.

10. The method as recited in claim 9, wherein said anticoagulant is acid-citrate-dextrose.

11. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said optical probe is a spectrographic probe.

12. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said optical probe is an optical fluorescence dissolved oxygen probe.

13. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein said optical fluorescence dissolved oxygen probe is a ruthenium-coated fiber optical light emitting diode probe.

14. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said membrane probe is a polarographic oxygen probe.

15. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said membrane passes molecular oxygen and filters ionic molecules.

16. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said first interval and said second interval collectively are at least than 1 hour in length.

17. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said continuing measurement is done for more than one hour.

18. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said continuing measurement is done for more than one day.

19. A method for improving immune system performance by controlling the concentrations of molecular oxygen in a patient'"'"'s blood, comprising the steps of:

(a) providing an apparatus comprising;

(i) a membrane based sensor, and

(ii) an optical sensor, said membrane based sensor and said optical sensors providing electrical current measurements as a function of time that are proportional to the concentrations of molecular oxygen and nitric oxide in a sample of blood;

(b) drawing a quantity of blood from the body of an individual, said sample including molecular oxygen and nitric oxide;

(c) transferring said quantity of blood into a test well substantially closed to the external environment;

(d) measuring with said apparatus an initial concentration of said molecular oxygen and said nitric oxide to determine a baseline value for said individual;

(e) continuing measurement of the concentration of said molecular oxygen and said nitric oxide over time by said apparatus;

(f) stressing said quantity of blood in said well with a first type of stress sufficient to cause a decrease in the concentration of said molecular oxygen and said nitric oxide;

(g) determining said decrease with respect to said baseline in the concentration of said molecular oxygen and said nitric oxide in said quantity of blood by said apparatus;

(h) after said molecular oxygen and said nitric oxide concentrations drop from said baseline level, repeating said stressing step with a second type of stress sufficient to cause a sharp increase in the concentration of said molecular oxygen or said nitric oxide;

(i) determining said sharp increase with respect to said baseline in the concentration of said molecular oxygen and said nitric oxide in said quantity of blood after said repeating step by said apparatus; and

(j) after said molecular blood oxygen or said nitric oxide concentration rises by said sharp increase above said baseline, administering said quantity of blood into said patient.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprises the step of adding saline, borate or aspirin, or combinations thereof, to said quantity of blood prior to step (j) administering said quantity of blood.

21. The method as recited in claim 19, said method further comprises the step of calibrating said apparatus to 100% based on the equivalent percent saturation of molecular oxygen in said quantity of blood before stressing said quantity of blood with said first type of stress.

22. The method as recited in claim 19, wherein said first type of stress is a substance having properties that cause a rise in concentration of said molecular oxygen or said nitric oxide.

23. The method as recited in claim 19, wherein said stressing step further comprises the step of stirring said quantity of blood.

24. The method as recited in claim 19, wherein said stressing step (f) further comprises the step of injecting a quantity of a medication or an object proposed for patient treatment into said quantity of blood.

25. The method as recited in claim 19, wherein said stressing step further comprises the step of freezing said sample.

26. The method as recited in claim 19, wherein said stressing step further comprises the step of adding an amount of anticoagulant to said sample, and thereafter freezing said sample.

27. The method as recited in claim 26, wherein said anticoagulant is acid-citrate-dextrose or heparin.

28. The method as recited in claim 19, repeating steps (a)-(j) to sharply increase the concentration of said molecular oxygen or said nitric oxide in said blood of said patient.