Multiphase voltage regulator using coupled inductors

• US 9,829,944 B2
• Filed: 10/29/2015
• Issued: 11/28/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 05/20/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Dell Products LP (Dell Technologies Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Dell Products LP (Dell Technologies Inc.)
• Inventors: Breen, John J., Mathew, Abey K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Zhang, Jue
• Application Number:
  US14/927,223
• Publication Number:
  US 20160048183A1
• Time in Patent Office: 761 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/26 Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof for memories G11C
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0064 Magnetic structures combining different functions, e.g. storage, filtering or transformation
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1584 with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel

Abstract

In response to a condition not being met, asserting a control input of a driver to close a low side switch in a phase leg of a multiphase voltage regulator using coupled inductors, de-asserting the control input in response to a signal to close a high side switch of the phase leg, and asserting the control input in response to a signal to open the high side switch; and in response to the condition not being met, de-asserting the control input, asserting the control input in response to a signal to close a high side switch of another phase leg, and de-asserting the control input in response to a signal to open the high side switch of the other phase leg and to the current in the phase leg being less than a threshold.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

determining, by a first current sensor, that a first current flowing through a load is above a first predetermined threshold;

in response to determining that the first current is above the first predetermined threshold;

asserting a control input of a driver to close a low side switch of a first phase leg of a multiphase voltage regulator, wherein the first phase leg includes a first inductor;

in response to a signal to close a first high side switch of the first phase leg, de-asserting the control input to open the low side switch; and

in response to a signal to open the first high side switch, asserting the control input to close the low side switch; and

in response to determining that the first current is not above the first predetermined threshold;

de-asserting the control input to open the low side switch;

in response

     1) to a signal to close a second high side switch of a second phase leg of the multiphase voltage regulator and

     2) to the control input being de-asserted, asserting the control input to close the low side switch, wherein the second phase leg includes a second inductor magnetically coupled to the first inductor; and

in response

     1) to a signal to open the second high side switch and

     2) to the control input being asserted determining, by a second current sensor, that a second current flowing through the first inductor is below a second predetermined threshold; and

de-asserting the control input to open the low side switch in response to determining that the second current is below the second predetermined threshold.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the low side switch, the first high side switch and the second high side switch are field effect transistors.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the second predetermined threshold is zero.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the second current flowing through the first inductor comprises:

determining a voltage drop across a resistor, wherein the resistor is coupled to the low side switch and to the first inductor.

5. An information handling system comprising:

a central processing unit; and

a multiphase voltage regulator coupled to the central processing unit and providing a load current to the information handling system, the voltage regulator including;

a load current sensor to determine the load current level;

a first phase leg comprising a first inductor, an inductor current sensor to determine an inductor current level, a first high side switch, and a low side switch;

a second phase leg comprising a second inductor and a second high side switch, wherein the second inductor is magnetically coupled to the first inductor;

a first driver having a first input, wherein asserting the first input closes the low side switch and de-asserting the input opens the low side switch;

a second driver having a second input, wherein asserting the second input closes the second high side switch and de-asserting the second input opens the second high side switch;

a third driver having a third input, wherein asserting the third input closes the first high side switch and de-asserting the third input opens the first high side switch; and

control logic coupled to the load current sensor, the inductor current sensor, the first input, the second input and the third input;

wherein the control logic is operable to determine that the load current level is above a first predetermined threshold and to operate in a first mode to;

assert the first input to close the low side switch;

de-assert the first input to open the low side switch and assert the third input, in response to the beginning of a first time interval; and

assert the first input to close the low side switch and de-assert the third input, in response to the end of the first time interval; and

the control logic is operable to determine that the load current level is below the first predetermined threshold and to operate in a second mode to;

de-assert the first input to open the first low side switch;

assert the first input to close the first low side switch and assert the second input, in response to the beginning of a second time interval;

de-assert the second input, in response to the end of the second time interval;

determine that the inductor current level is below a second predetermined threshold; and

de-assert the first input to open the low side switch, in response to a determining that the inductor current level is below the second predetermined threshold.

6. The information handling system of claim 5, wherein:

the control logic operates in the second mode in response to an indication from the central processing unit.

7. The information handling system of claim 5, wherein:

the first high side switch, the second high side switch and the first low side switch are field effect transistors.

8. The information handling system claim 5, wherein the predetermined threshold is zero.

9. A multiphase buck voltage regulator comprising:

a first current sensor to determine a load current;

a coupled inductor having a first winding and a second winding;

a second current sensor to determine an inductor current in the first winding;

a switch operable to direct current in the first winding to electrical ground;

a driver having a control input, wherein the driver is operable to close the switch in response to the control input being asserted and operable to open the switch in response to the control input being de-asserted; and

control circuitry operable to determine that the load current is above a first predetermined threshold and in response, to;

in response to the beginning of a first time interval, begin driving a current through the first winding and de-assert the control input to open the switch;

in response to the end of the first time interval, stop driving a current through the first winding and assert the control input to close the switch;

in response to the beginning of a second time interval, begin driving a current through the second winding; and

in response to the end of the second time interval, stop driving a current through the second winding; and

to determine that the load current is below the first predetermined threshold and in response to;

in response to the beginning of a third time interval, begin driving a current through the second winding and assert the control input to close the switch;

in response to the end of the third time interval, stop driving a current through the second winding; and

in response to the end of the third time interval and to the inductor current being less than or equal to a second predetermined threshold, de-assert the control input to open the switch.

10. The multiphase buck voltage regulator of claim 9, wherein:

the switch is a field effect transistor.

11. The multiphase buck voltage regulator of claim 9, wherein the first second predetermined threshold is zero.